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Articles 1 - 30 of 1041
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Decoding Usage And Adoption Behavior Of The Low-Carbon Transportation Market: An Ai-Driven Exploration, Vuban Chowdhury
Decoding Usage And Adoption Behavior Of The Low-Carbon Transportation Market: An Ai-Driven Exploration, Vuban Chowdhury
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The transportation sector stands as a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, with its environmental impact steadily escalating over the past few decades. This has prompted government agencies to facilitate the adoption and usage of low-carbon transportation (LCT) options as alternatives to fossil-fuel-powered transportation. LCTs include modes of transportation that minimize the overall carbon footprint of the transportation sector by relying on energy sources that are environmentally sustainable. These sustainable transportation options have also garnered significant interest in the transportation research community. For government agencies and researchers alike, a comprehensive understanding of the adoption and usage …
Determining The Effect Of The Presence Of Food Deserts On The Number Of Crashes In Census Tracts In Arkansas, Lizbeth Juarez-Bartolo
Determining The Effect Of The Presence Of Food Deserts On The Number Of Crashes In Census Tracts In Arkansas, Lizbeth Juarez-Bartolo
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Food deserts, areas with limited access to grocery stores which sell fresh produce, dairy, and meats, are a growing concern in many communities. The presence of a food desert is known to cause great impacts on the physical health of the people residing within them, but there is little to no research on a food desert’s influence on the traffic safety of the location in which it encompasses. Based on previous studies into food deserts, studies suggest that food inaccessibility is mostly felt by rural residents. Since rural residents must travel farther distances on more hazardous rural roadways to access …
Capabilities Of Sintered Silver As A High Temperature Packaging Material, Bakhtiyar Mohammad Nafis
Capabilities Of Sintered Silver As A High Temperature Packaging Material, Bakhtiyar Mohammad Nafis
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
With electrification progressing across many sectors including industry, automotive and aerospace, the power density requirements are changing. The increased power density results in higher and higher ambient temperatures that electronics are exposed to. The response has been to move towards wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices that can withstand much greater temperatures and can operate at much higher voltages than silicon. Additionally, these WBG devices deliver low drain-source on resistance (RDS_on) capabilities, enabling high current power modules that increase power density even further. This also requires the packaging to evolve in order to withstand the new requirements. As a result, researchers …
Reliability Modeling And Improvement Of Critical Infrastructures: Theory, Simulation, And Computational Methods, José Carlos Hernández Azucena
Reliability Modeling And Improvement Of Critical Infrastructures: Theory, Simulation, And Computational Methods, José Carlos Hernández Azucena
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents a framework for developing data-driven tools to model and improve the performance of Interconnected Critical Infrastructures (ICIs) in multiple contexts. The importance of ICIs for daily human activities and the large volumes of data in continuous generation in modern industries grant relevance to research efforts in this direction. Chapter 2 focuses on the impact of disruptions in Multimodal Transportation Networks, which I explored from an application perspective. The outlined research directions propose exploring the combination of simulation for decision-making with data-driven optimization paradigms to create tools that may provide stakeholders with optimal policies for a wide array …
Self-Consolidating Concrete Design For Drilled Shaft Structural Applications, Grady S. Caton
Self-Consolidating Concrete Design For Drilled Shaft Structural Applications, Grady S. Caton
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a relatively new concrete technology which allows the concrete to be placed without the need for manual or machine vibration. This innovation reduces labor costs, construction times, and can provide a smooth, finished surface. However, this technology is used in the United States primarily in the precast and prestressed concrete industry. The utility of SCC in structural applications, such as areas of dense reinforcement or locations where complex geometry makes consolidation impossible, is also advantageous. In this study, a series of SCC mixtures were developed both with and without fly ash replacement. These mixtures were then …
Comparing In-Situ Liquefaction Triggering Procedures For Sites In Arkansas, Sagar Barua
Comparing In-Situ Liquefaction Triggering Procedures For Sites In Arkansas, Sagar Barua
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
There currently exists a significant amount of uncertainty when designing piles for bridge foundations in liquefiable soil. Currently ARDOT engineers use a Standard Penetration Test (SPT) based liquefaction spreadsheet developed 10 years ago to evaluate liquefaction triggering. Since this spreadsheet was developed, updates to the liquefaction triggering procedures have been published making the spreadsheet out-of-date. Moreover, additional methods of liquefaction evaluation using cone penetration test (CPT) and shear wave velocity (Vs) provide added means of evaluating liquefaction potential. This thesis updates ARDOT's liquefaction triggering evaluation methodology with the newest procedures and incorporates additional empirical liquefaction hazard estimates such as the …
Development Of A Prototype Satellite-Tracking Telescope For Ground-Based Spectroscopy, Charles Smith
Development Of A Prototype Satellite-Tracking Telescope For Ground-Based Spectroscopy, Charles Smith
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Spectroscopy is the practice of determining the chemical composition of a gas through analyzing the light that is filtered by the gas. Spectroscopy is commonly used by astronomers to deduce the atmospheric composition of planets. This process is done by initially measuring the spectrum of light from the star that the planet orbits, and then measuring it again once the planet is in between the observer and the star. The spectrum light that is filtered out is dependent on the chemical composition of the gas, and so this information can be used to determine the chemical composition of the atmosphere …
Characterization Of Highly Doped N-Type And P-Type Silicon Carbide Ohmic Contacts, Tanner Rice
Characterization Of Highly Doped N-Type And P-Type Silicon Carbide Ohmic Contacts, Tanner Rice
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a rather new material that possesses unparalleled properties when compared to Silicon. Due to its larger band gap alongside other thermal properties, SiC can survive in hotter, more radiation intensive environments, whether that be within the crust of the earth or in the reaches of space. As a desirable semiconductor for these applications, CMOS is an especially important device due to its low power consumption. However, creating a good contact between the metal and semiconductor optimally requires two different metals for the n -type and the p-type semiconductor. This greatly increases the processing time, as separate …
Deep Learning Frameworks For Accelerated Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction Without Ground Truths, Ibsa Kumara Jalata
Deep Learning Frameworks For Accelerated Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction Without Ground Truths, Ibsa Kumara Jalata
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is typically a slow process because of its sequential data acquisition. To speed up this process, MR acquisition is often accelerated by undersampling k-space signals and solving an ill-posed problem through a constrained optimization process. Image reconstruction from under-sampled data is posed as an inverse problem in traditional model-based learning paradigms. While traditional methods use image priors as constraints, modern deep learning methods use supervised learning with ground truth images to learn image features and priors. However, in some cases, ground truth images are not available, making supervised learning impractical. Recent data-centric learning frameworks such as …
Testing And Implementation Of Attitude Determination & Control System For Arksat-1 Cubesatellite, Cassandra Sands
Testing And Implementation Of Attitude Determination & Control System For Arksat-1 Cubesatellite, Cassandra Sands
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
ARKSAT-1 is a CubeSatellite (CubeSat) developed at the University of Arkansas and launched to the International Space Station on SpaceX mission SPX-27 launching from Kennedy Space Center as part of the NASA’s 8th CubeSat Launch Initiative CSLI-8. ARKSAT-1’s payload features a high-powered LED, the Solid State Inflatable Balloon (SSIB) deorbiting system applicable to small satellites, and a series of InfraRed and Visible cameras. To point the LED or take images of desired observational targets, the spacecraft will need to be able to determine its orientation within its orbit, as well as rotate. This will be achieved through the use of …
Development Of Lignin-Based Copolymers And Polymer Blends, David Chem
Development Of Lignin-Based Copolymers And Polymer Blends, David Chem
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Increasing industrial interest in reducing fossil fuels in virgin polymer production and incorporating bio-based polymeric materials has led researchers to explore the potential of utilizing plant-based polymers such as lignin. Chapter 1 of this thesis presents a comprehensive overview of copolymerization and blending techniques for lignin and synthetic polymers, emphasizing different types of modifications and copolymerization techniques as well as key parameters such as temperature, reaction time, pH level, and solution compositions. These valorization methods are directed towards the development of high-value lignin-based materials with properties well-suited for various commercial applications. Chapter 2 offers a fundamental exploration into the amination …
Towards Multi-Modal Interpretable Video Understanding, Quang Sang Truong
Towards Multi-Modal Interpretable Video Understanding, Quang Sang Truong
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This thesis introduces an innovative approach to video comprehension, which simulates human perceptual mechanisms and establishes a comprehensible and coherent narrative representation of video content. At the core of this approach lies the creation of a Visual-Linguistic (VL) feature for an interpretable video portrayal and an adaptive attention mechanism (AAM) aimed at concentrating solely on principal actors or pertinent objects while modeling their interconnections. Taking cues from the way humans disassemble scenes into visual and non-visual constituents, the proposed VL feature characterizes a scene via three distinct modalities: (i) a global visual environment, providing a broad contextual comprehension of the …
Ism-Band Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Node, Fnu Naveed
Ism-Band Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Node, Fnu Naveed
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In recent years, the interest in remote wireless sensor networks has grown significantly, particularly with the rapid advancements in Internet of Things (IoT) technology. These networks find diverse applications, from inventory tracking to environmental monitoring. In remote areas where grid access is unavailable, wireless sensors are commonly powered by batteries, which imposes a constraint on their lifespan. However, with the emergence of wireless energy harvesting technologies, there is a transformative potential in addressing the power challenges faced by these sensors. By harnessing energy from the surrounding environment, such as solar, thermal, vibrational, or RF sources, these sensors can potentially operate …
Trojan Detection Expansion Of Structural Checking, Zachary Chapman
Trojan Detection Expansion Of Structural Checking, Zachary Chapman
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
With the growth of the integrated circuit (IC) market, there has also been a rise in demand for third-party soft intellectual properties (IPs). However, the growing use of such Ips makes it easier for adversaries to hide malicious code, like hardware Trojans, into these designs. Unlike software Trojan detection, hardware Trojan detection is still an active research area. One proposed approach to this problem is the Structural Checking tool, which can detect hardware Trojans using two methodologies. The first method is a matching process, which takes an unknown design and attempts to determine if it might contain a Trojan by …
Modeling And Control Strategies For A Two-Wheel Balancing Mobile Robot, John Alan Moritz
Modeling And Control Strategies For A Two-Wheel Balancing Mobile Robot, John Alan Moritz
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The problem of balancing and autonomously navigating a two-wheel mobile robot is an increasingly active area of research, due to its potential applications in last-mile delivery, pedestrian transportation, warehouse automation, parts supply, agriculture, surveillance, and monitoring. This thesis investigates the design and control of a two-wheel balancing mobile robot using three different control strategies: Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers, Sliding Mode Control, and Deep Q-Learning methodology. The mobile robot is modeled using a dynamic and kinematic model, and its motion is simulated in a custom MATLAB/Simulink environment. The first part of the thesis focuses on developing a dynamic and kinematic …
Machine Tool Communication (Mtcomm) Method And Its Applications In A Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Cloud, S M Nahian Al Sunny
Machine Tool Communication (Mtcomm) Method And Its Applications In A Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Cloud, S M Nahian Al Sunny
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The integration of cyber-physical systems and cloud manufacturing has the potential to revolutionize existing manufacturing systems by enabling better accessibility, agility, and efficiency. To achieve this, it is necessary to establish a communication method of manufacturing services over the Internet to access and manage physical machines from cloud applications. Most of the existing industrial automation protocols utilize Ethernet based Local Area Network (LAN) and are not designed specifically for Internet enabled data transmission. Recently MTConnect has been gaining popularity as a standard for monitoring status of machine tools through RESTful web services and an XML based messaging structure, but it …
A Real-Time Anpc Inverter Digital Twin With Integrated Design-For-Trust, Paulo Vitor Do Amaral Custodio
A Real-Time Anpc Inverter Digital Twin With Integrated Design-For-Trust, Paulo Vitor Do Amaral Custodio
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The demand for renewable energy has increased over the last few years, and so has the demand for greater expectations within the energy market. This increasing trend has been accompanied by more significant usage of internet-connected devices (IoT), leading to critical electrical infrastructure being connected to the internet. Implementing internet connectivity with such devices and systems provides benefits such as improving the system's performance, facilitating irregularity and anomaly mitigation, and providing additional situational awareness for enhanced decision-making. However, enhancing the connected system with IoT introduces a drawback – a greater vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks targeting critical infrastructure in the electrical …
Chip- And System-Level Reliability On Sic-Based Power Modules, Pengyu Lai
Chip- And System-Level Reliability On Sic-Based Power Modules, Pengyu Lai
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The blocking voltage, switching frequency and temperature tolerance of power devices have been greatly improved due to the revolution of wide bandgap (WBG) materials, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN). Owing to the development of SiC-based power devices, the power rating, operating voltage, and power density of power modules have been significantly improved. However, the reliability of SiC-based power modules has not been fully explored yet. Thus, this dissertation focuses on the chip- and system-level reliability on SiC-based power modules. For chip-level reliability, this work focuses on on-chip SiC ESD protection devices for SiC-based integrated circuits (ICs). …
Partial Discharge Mitigation In Power Modules Using An Automation-Driven Design Rule Development Method, Shilpi Mukherjee
Partial Discharge Mitigation In Power Modules Using An Automation-Driven Design Rule Development Method, Shilpi Mukherjee
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Power modules used for the conversion and conditioning of electrical power for applications like electric vehicles, more-electric aircraft, the power grid, etc., are largely designed manually by engineers. Design automation of power modules is starting to gain recognition as a timely and necessary alternative to intuitive manual design and fabrication. With increasing need for wide bandgap materials that can operate at higher voltages, and the need to make modules more compact, hazards like electrical breakdown are more likely. Partial discharge (PD) is a silent and invisible precursor to electrical breakdown. It is compounded with compaction, creating a potential for electrical …
Treating High Salinity Produced Water Using Hybrid Membrane Processes: Electrocoagulation-Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration-Membrane Distillation-Crystallization, Mahmood Gheni Jebur
Treating High Salinity Produced Water Using Hybrid Membrane Processes: Electrocoagulation-Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration-Membrane Distillation-Crystallization, Mahmood Gheni Jebur
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Produced water (PW) is considered the largest industrial wastewater stream in the world. PW generated from oil and gas operations generally contains a range of contaminants including high total dissolved solids, high total suspended solids, polar and nonpolar organic compounds, and low surface tension dissolved species. Treating PW is very challenging and applying only membrane-based technologies is not sufficient due to membrane fouling, which affects their long-term performance. Hence, integrated membrane processes are required to treat PW effectively. Hybrid membrane processes, which may result from combining a conventional process with a membrane separation, could be used to address the issues …
Investigation Of The Flow Field In The Jack Rabbit Ii Mock Urban Environment Field Tests Using A 1:50 Scale Wind Tunnel Model, Paulo Victor De Freitas Lopes
Investigation Of The Flow Field In The Jack Rabbit Ii Mock Urban Environment Field Tests Using A 1:50 Scale Wind Tunnel Model, Paulo Victor De Freitas Lopes
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Accidental release of toxic chemicals can put workers and nearby populations at significant risk. Consequence assessment of accidents in urban environments is of particular interest. Urban geometries create wind channels between buildings, along with particularly dangerous areas downwind of buildings, where near-stagnant flow is present. Furthermore, recirculation zones can be formed between buildings, trapping high concentrations of toxic gases at ground level, particularly for denser-than-air gases. In 2015, the Department of Homeland Security conducted the Jack Rabbit II Field Test (JR-II) at Dugway Proving Ground, UT. During JR-II, chlorine was released at the center of a Mock Urban Environment (MUE) …
Verification Of Astm Centrifugation Equations For Soil Suction Determination, Esteban Maclein Miranda Pinzon
Verification Of Astm Centrifugation Equations For Soil Suction Determination, Esteban Maclein Miranda Pinzon
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The unit correction constant (B) in the ASTM D6836 standard needs to be evaluated. The B-value was proposed to be 0.00548 instead of 0.00553. This apparent discrepancy led to an investigation comparing the predicted and measured suction values for high air entry (HAE) ceramic disks. A Beckman-Coulter Model J6-MI six-bay centrifuge and a WP4C Dewpoint Potentiameter were used in the testing program. HAE ceramic disks rated with bubbling pressures of 3-bar and 5-bar were used as analogue soil specimens. The HAE ceramic disks were spun in the small-scale centrifuge to apply prescribed suction amounts and then placed in the WP4C …
Alkali Silica Reaction Mitigation Using Glycerin, Ana Laura Errigo Chanis
Alkali Silica Reaction Mitigation Using Glycerin, Ana Laura Errigo Chanis
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The use of glycerin as a concrete additive to reduce alkali silica reaction (ASR), was evaluated and is presented in this study. Specifically, the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) ultra-accelerated alkali silica reaction testing procedure by means of autoclaving was employed to examine the use of glycerin for ASR mitigation or reduction by analyzing mortar bar expansion data. The fine aggregates used in this investigation consisted of highly reactive Jobe Sand or Los Lunas Sand with an autoclave expansion of 0.5 and 0.4 percent, respectively. The laboratory investigation was performed by recording the amount of expansion of the …
Wind Tunnel Modeling Of The Jack Rabbit Ii Mock Urban Environment Chlorine Releases Based On Comparison With Field Scale Video Record, Samuel Gallimore
Wind Tunnel Modeling Of The Jack Rabbit Ii Mock Urban Environment Chlorine Releases Based On Comparison With Field Scale Video Record, Samuel Gallimore
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Unintentional releases of hazardous gases have led to significant injuries and fatalities in severe cases. Field tests can be used to release hazardous gases to document and evaluate the behavior of the gases. Chlorine is an especially hazardous gas due to its toxicity. The Jack Rabbit II Phase I field tests released chlorine within a mock urban environment (MUE) consisting of Conex containers arranged in rows to simulate buildings and streets. The number of field tests is limited by both expense and time. Simulation of a field test using a wind tunnel model can provide additional data and opportunity for …
Injectable Immunomodulatory Strategies To Enhance Muscle Recovery Following Injury, Tai Huu Huynh
Injectable Immunomodulatory Strategies To Enhance Muscle Recovery Following Injury, Tai Huu Huynh
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Although skeletal muscle displays an astonishing regenerative capacity, injuries or diseases that resulted in bedridden or chronic muscle wasting can overwhelm this intrinsic feature of skeletal muscle and lead to functional deficit (range of motion and/or strength) and overall reduction in quality of life. Microenvironmental cues within injured skeletal muscle dictate regenerative and repair process which are tightly coordinated interplay among resident cells, cells recruitment and immune response following an assault in the muscle extracellular matrix (ECM). The successful regeneration of functional tissues requires both appropriate modulation of the inflammatory response, and activation of a variety of cell populations. Biomaterials …
Characterizing Logistics Operations Within A Federal Staging Area For Hurricane Response: A Qualitative Analysis Of Federal, State And Local Perspectives, Jannatul Shefa
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A successful deployment of logistics operations following a disaster is a collective contribution of federal, state, and local entities to ascertain an efficient and effective response. This research analyzes data from interviews with disaster response logistics experts from these entities. The objective is to investigate the information sources and planning processes used in these organizations to plan vehicle routes for critical resource deliveries to impacted areas. Special attention is directed to the impacts of incomplete knowledge of infrastructure status, such as road disruptions due to debris or flooding. Supported by both qualitative and quantitative evidence, the study finds that incomplete …
Forecasting Workforce Requirement For State Transportation Agencies: A Machine Learning Approach, Adedolapo Mojed Ogungbire
Forecasting Workforce Requirement For State Transportation Agencies: A Machine Learning Approach, Adedolapo Mojed Ogungbire
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A decline in the number of construction engineers and inspectors available at State Transportation Agencies (STAs) to manage the ever-increasing lane miles has emphasized the importance of workforce planning in this sector. One of the crucial aspects of workforce planning involves forecasting the required workforce for any industry or agency. This thesis developed machine learning models to estimate the person-hour requirements of STAs at the agency and project levels. The Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT) was used as a case study, using its employee data between 2012 and 2021. At the project level, machine learning regressors ranging from linear, tree …
Modeling & Small Signal Analysis Of Grid Forming Inverter, Kadesh Hepburn
Modeling & Small Signal Analysis Of Grid Forming Inverter, Kadesh Hepburn
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
There is a rising number of inverter-based resources (IBRs) being integrated with distribution systems are becoming a more common occurrence. With integration of IBRs inverters, power utilities are experiencing an increase of number of operations with regards to voltage and frequency support. To maintain grid stability and reliability, IBRs need to provide some of the services currently (or formerly) provided by synchronous generators. Interconnection standards, like the IEEE 1547. 2018 has include requirements for IBRs to have the capability to provide some of these services—such as frequency and voltage support—and the procurement and deployment of the services can be implemented …
Fabrication And Measurement Of Lt-Gaas Photoconductive Antennas And Arrays, Zachary Paul Uttley
Fabrication And Measurement Of Lt-Gaas Photoconductive Antennas And Arrays, Zachary Paul Uttley
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents the fabrication and measurement of LT-GaAs based terahertz (THz) photo conductive antennas (PCAs) and arrays. The LT-GaAs THz PCAs are fabricated to serve as reference devices to new 2D material black phosphorous (BP) based THz PCAs. The LT-GaAs and BP devices have identical metallic electrodes, allowing for a comparison of emitted THz intensity and bandwidth. All PCAs have been measured using an open bench pulsed time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) system with a usable bandwidth from 0.1-4 THz, pumped with a 780nm Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser. The results have shown LT-GaAs devices outperforming BP devices in signal amplitude and bandwidth …
Achieving High Renewable Energy Integration In Smart Grids With Machine Learning, Yaze Li
Achieving High Renewable Energy Integration In Smart Grids With Machine Learning, Yaze Li
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The integration of high levels of renewable energy into smart grids is crucial for achieving a sustainable and efficient energy infrastructure. However, this integration presents significant technical and operational challenges due to the intermittent nature and inherent uncertainty of renewable energy sources (RES). Therefore, the energy storage system (ESS) has always been bound to renewable energy, and its charge and discharge control has become an important part of the integration. The addition of RES and ESS comes with their complex control, communication, and monitor capabilities, which also makes the grid more vulnerable to attacks, brings new challenges to the cybersecurity. …