Engineering Commons^™

Caregivers Time Utilization Before And After The Introduction Of An Electronic Nursing Documentation System In A Residential Aged Care Facility, Esther Naliaka Munyisia, Ping Yu, David M. Hailey

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

Natural Prefabricated Vertical Drains-Structure And Geo-Hydraulic Properties, Thanh Trung Nguyen, Buddhima Indraratna, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Over the past decades synthetic prefabricated vertical drains (SPVDs) have been used in many regions around the world to accelerate the consolidation of soil, but because these synthetic polymeric materials last for decades, they are now seen as having adverse effects on the natural environment. Natural prefabricated vertical drains (NPVDs) on the other hand, which are made from agriculture products such as jute, coir, and straw can discharge excess pore pressure effectively and they are also environmentally friendly thanks to their biodegradability. This paper outlines the fundamental characteristics of prefabricated vertical jute drains (PVJDs) such as their structure, tensile strength, …

Advances In Embankment Engineering Through Soft Ground Improvement, Buddhima Indraratna, Rui Zhong, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Kirti Choudhary, Thanh Trung Nguyen

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In many countries, essential infrastructure is built along congested coastal regions that are composed of highly compressible soft and weak soils up to significant depths. For instance, alluvial and marine clay deposits have very low bearing capacity and excessive settlement characteristics, posing obvious design and maintenance challenges for constructing tall structures and large commercial buildings, as well as for developing port and transport infrastructure. Stabilising these very soft deposits is essential before commencing construction of infrastructure. A system of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) combined with vacuum pressure and surcharge preloading has become an attractive ground improvement alternative in terms of …

Automated Replication Of Cone Beam Ct-Guided Treatments In The Pinnacle3 Treatment Planning System For Adaptive Radiotherapy, Catriona Hargrave, Nicole Mason, Robyn Guidi, Julie-Anne Miller, Jillian Becker, Matthew T. Moores, Kerrie Mengersen, Michael Poulsen, Fiona Harden

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Introduction: Time-consuming manual methods have been required to register cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with plans in the Pinnacle3 treatment planning system in order to replicate delivered treatments for adaptive radiotherapy. These methods rely on fiducial marker (FM) placement during CBCT acquisition or the image mid-point to localise the image isocentre. A quality assurance study was conducted to validate an automated CBCT-plan registration method utilising the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Structure Set (RS) and Spatial Registration (RE) files created during online image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).

Methods: CBCTs of a phantom were acquired with FMs and predetermined setup errors …

Efficient Secure Matrix Multiplication Over Lwe-Based Homomorphic Encryption, Dung Hoang Duong, Pradeep Kumar Mishra, Masaya Yasuda

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Homomorphic encryption enables various calculations while preserving the data confidentiality. In this paper, we apply the somewhat homomorphic encryption scheme proposed by Brakerski and Vaikuntanathan (CRYPTO 2011) to secure matrix multiplication between two matrices. To reduce both the ciphertext size and the computation cost, we propose a new method to pack a matrix into a single ciphertexts so that it also enables efficient matrix multiplication over the packed ciphertexts. Our packing method generalizes Yasuda et al.'s methods (Security Comm. Networks 2015 and ACISP 2015), which are for secure inner product. We also implement our methods and give a comparison with …

Combining Coagulation/Miex With Biological Activated Carbon Treatment To Control Organic Fouling In The Microfiltration Of Secondary Effluent, Biplob Kumar Pramanik, Linhua Fan, Linhua Fan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Coagulation, magnetic ion exchange resin (MIEX) and biological activated carbon (BAC) were examined at lab scale as standalone, and sequential pre-treatments for controlling the organic fouling of a microfiltration membrane by biologically treated secondary effluent (BTSE) using a multi-cycle approach. MIEX gave slightly greater enhancement in flux than coagulation due to greater removal of high molecular weight (MW) humic substances, although it was unable to remove high MW biopolymers. BAC treatment was considerably more effective for improving the flux than coagulation or MIEX. This was due to the biodegradation of biopolymers and/or their adsorption by the biofilm, and adsorption of …

Analysis Of Variability Of Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures, Georgina Davies, Noel A. Cressie

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Sea surface temperature (SST) in the Pacific Ocean is a key component of many global climate models and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. We shall analyse SST for the period November 1981-December 2014. To study the temporal variability of the ENSO phenomenon, we have selected a subregion of the tropical Pacific Ocean, namely the Niño 3.4 region, as it is thought to be the area where SST anomalies indicate most clearly ENSO's influence on the global atmosphere. SST anomalies, obtained by subtracting the appropriate monthly averages from the data, are the focus of the majority of previous analyses of …

Hybrid Double-Skin Tubular Columns With A Large Rupture Strain Frp Outer Tube: Stub Column Tests, Tao Yu, Shi Shun Zhang, Le Huang, Chun Wa Chan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns (DSTCs) consist of an outer tube made of FRP and an inner tube made of steel, with the space between filled with concrete. A significant amount of research has been conducted on hybrid DSTCs with an outer tube made of glass FRP (GFRP), carbon FRP (CFRP), or aramid FRP (AFRP). One important finding of the existing research is that the ductility of the column depends significantly on the rupture strain of the FRP tube, among other factors. Against this background, this paper presents an experimental study where hybrid DSTCs with a large rupture …

Behavior Of Large-Scale Hybrid Frp-Concrete-Steel Double-Skin Tubular Beams With Shear Connectors, J L. Zhao, Jin Guang Teng, Tao Yu, L J. Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-concrete-steel double-skin tubular members (DSTMs) are a new form of hybrid members that consist of an outer tube made of FRP and an inner tube made of steel, with the space between them filled with concrete. The existing studies on hybrid DSTMs have been mainly focused on their use as compression members, with only a very limited number of studies on their use as flexural members [i.e., hybrid double-skin tubular beams (DSTBs)]. This paper presents the first ever experimental study on large-scale hybrid DSTBs with headed shear studs; the effect of an integrated deck is also examined. …

High Temperature Oxidation Of Indefinite Chill Roll Material Under Dry And Humid Atmospheres, Liang Hao, Zhengyi Jiang, Zhixin Chen, Dongbin Wei, Xiawei Cheng, Jingwei Zhao, Ming Luo, Li Ma, Suzhen Luo, Laizhu Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this paper, the isothermal oxidation of the indefinite chill (IC) roll is investigated by using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) from 550 to 700 °C under dry and humid atmospheres. It is found that the oxidation kinetics follow a linear trend and the oxide scale consists of two layers after the oxidation in dry air but three layers in humid air above 600 °C. In dry air, the graphite is covered by the oxide scale above 650 °C. The water vapor accelerates the oxidation of the matrix and the graphite. The graphite is covered by the extension of the oxide …

Study On Micro Hydro-Mechanical Deep Drawing Using Finite Element Method, Xiaoguang Ma, Jingwei Zhao, Wei Du, Xin Zhang, Laizhu Jiang, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

A numerical model was established to investigate the micro hydro-mechanical deep drawing process of austenitic stainless steel 304 foil (0.05 mm thickness). Due to the miniaturisation of the specimen size, the effect of grain size, gap distance and radial pressure during drawing process could be prominent. The results indicate that the appropriate radial pressure and gap distance could improve the limit drawing ratio (LDR) of manufactured cylindrical cups by reducing the friction resistance. The maximum LDR obtained in the present work reaches 3.2, which is much higher than that obtained by conventional deep drawing process.

Analysis Of The Oceanic Wave Dynamics For Generation Of Electrical Energy Using A Linear Generator, Omar Farrok, Md Rabiul Islam, Md Rafiqul Islam Sheikh

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Electricity generation from oceanic wave depends on the wave dynamics and the behavior of the ocean. In this paper, a permanent magnet linear generator (PMLG) has been designed and analyzed for oceanic wave energy conversion. The proposed PMLG design is suitable for the point absorber type wave energy device. A mathematical model of ocean wave is presented to observe the output characteristics and performance of the PMLG with the variation of ocean waves. The generated voltage, current, power, applied force, magnetic flux linkage, and force components of the proposed PMLG have been presented for different sea wave conditions. The commercially …

Computing Proximal Points Of Convex Functions With Inexact Subgradients, Chayne Planiden, Warren L. Hare

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Locating proximal points is a component of numerous minimization algorithms. This work focuses on developing a method to find the proximal point of a convex function at a point, given an inexact oracle. Our method assumes that exact function values are at hand, but exact subgradients are either not available or not useful. We use approximate subgradients to build a model of the objective function, and prove that the method converges to the true prox-point within acceptable tolerance. The subgradient g_k used at each step k is such that the distance from g_k to the true subdifferential of the objective …

Characterization Of Angular Detection Dependence Of Prompt Gamma-Rays With Respect To The Bragg Peak In A Water Phantom Using Proton Beam Irradiations, Melek Zarifi, Susanna Guatelli, David Bolst, Brian F. Hutton, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld, Yujin Qi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The rationale for utilizing the prompt gamma (PG) signal for in vivo proton beam range verification is such that the PG fall-off distribution along the beam path is associated with the dose profile in the Bragg peak (BP) distal fall-off region. Quantitative characterization of this association, particularly with respect to the BP, is of great importance to assess its limitation and aid in the development of a clinically reliable PG imaging system to maximize PG detection. In this work we investigate the angular dependence of PG detection with respect to the BP for in vivo beam range verification in proton …

Strongly Convex Functions, Moreau Envelopes And The Generic Nature Of Convex Functions With Strong Minimizers, Chayne Planiden, Xianfu Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this work, using Moreau envelopes, we define a complete metric for the set of proper lower semicontinuous convex functions. Under this metric, the convergence of each sequence of convex functions is epiconvergence. We show that the set of strongly convex functions is dense but it is only of the first category. On the other hand, it is shown that the set of convex functions with strong minima is of the second category.

Ballistic Evaluation Of An Australian Ultra-High Hardness Steel, S Ryan, Hui Jun Li, M Edgerton, D Gallardy, S J. Cimpoeru

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The ballistic performance of an ultra-high hardness armour steel manufactured by Bisalloy Steels Pty Ltd, BIS UHH, has been evaluated for a range of thicknesses and obliquities against armour piercing (AP) and fragment simulating projectiles (FSPs). The performance of the material against AP projectiles was assessed against MIL-DTL-32332 and found to meet the Class 2 requirement for 7.62 mm APM2 projectiles and the Class 1 requirement for 12.7 mm APM2 projectiles. MIL-DTL-32332 specifies no performance requirement for FSPs.

Axial-Flexural Interactions Of Gfrp-Cfft Columns With And Without Reinforcing Gfrp Bars, Qasim S. Khan, M Neaz Sheikh, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This study presents the results of an experimental program and analytical modeling for axial-flexural interactions of concrete-filled glass fiber-reinforced polymer tube (GFRP-CFFT) columns with and without reinforcing glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. The experimental program included four steel RC specimens, four GFRP-CFFT specimens, and four GFRP bar-reinforced GFRP-CFFT specimens with an outer diameter of 205-206 mm and a height of 800-812 mm. The specimens were tested under concentric and 25- and 50-mm eccentric axial loads and four-point load. The experimental results showed that GFRP bar-reinforced GFRP-CFFT specimens sustained higher peak axial loads, axial and lateral deformations at peak axial load, …

Circular Dispersive Shock Waves In Colloidal Media, Amirah Azmi, Timothy R. Marchant

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

A dispersive shock wave (DSW), with a circular geometry, is studied in a colloidal medium. The colloidal particle interaction is based on the repulsive theoretical hard sphere model, where a series in the particle density, or packing fraction is used for the compressibility. Experimental results show that the particle interactions are temperature dependent and can be either repulsive or attractive, so the second term in the compressibility series is modified to allow for temperature dependent effects, using a power-law relationship. The governing equation is a focusing nonlinear Schrödinger-type equation with an implicit nonlinearity. The initial jump in electric field amplitude …

Relationship Between Ct-Derived Gross Tumour Volume (Gtv) And The Fdg-Pet/Ct-Derived Metabolic Tumour Volume (Mtv): An Exploratory Study In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Radical Radiotherapy, A Oar, Michael Jameson, I. A Ho Shon, Penny Phan, Lois C. Holloway, Danyang Wang, Joseph Descallar, A Pramana, Shalini K. Vinod, E Koh, M Field

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Poster presentation from The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists 65th Annual Scientific Meeting, 29 October-1 November 2015, Adelaide, Australia

Evaluation Of False-Twist Textured Yarns By Image Processing, P Ghaderpanah, Fatemeh Mokhtari, Masoud Latifi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

A new method has been introduced to determine the crimp features of false twist textured yarns by applying computer vision and image processing method. Hence, the test results, with accuracy, are achieved more quickly than by the other exciting method. The mean angle of filament orientation in false twist textured yarns with different texturizing variables (heater temperature, texturizing speed and twist) is determined. Similarly, the direct tracking algorithms to achieve a good correlation with crimp contraction are also used. The results show that by this new method a correlation coefficient of more than 95% is achieved between mean orientation angle …

Evaluation Of Floorcovering Abrasion Resistance By Means Of Image Processing Technique, Fatemeh Mokhtari, Seyed Mohammad Hosseini Varkiyani, Masoud Latifi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

An important factor in material quality is the time duration that materials are used (known as substance lifetime). Lifetime is a function of several factors, and among them wearing and abrasion resistances are more important than the other aspects. In addition, to the physical and mechanical properties, abrasion has a significant effect on the textiles appearance. This phenomenon considerably influences the texture of floor coverings in which continuous abrasion are applied. While the texture retention of the floorcovering during lifetime usage is quite desirable and leads to consumer satisfaction, it is necessary to evaluate the abrasion resistance of floor covering …

Robust Position Control Of A Novel Series Elastic Actuator Via Disturbance Observer, Emre Sariyildiz, Gong Chen, Haoyong Yu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper proposes a new robust position control method for a novel series elastic actuator (SEA). It is a wellknown fact that SEAs provide many benefits in force control, e.g., lower reflected inertia and impedance, greater shock tolerance, safety, and so on. However, current SEA designs have a common performance limitation due to the compromise on the selection of spring stiffness. The performance of an SEA can be significantly improved by changing the stiffness of the spring; however, designing a variable-stiffness SEA is a quite challenging task. In this paper, a novel variable-stiffness SEA, which can relax the fundamental performance …

Compensation Of Backlash For Geared Drive Systems And Thrust Wires Used In Teleoperation, D Prasanga, Emre Sariyildiz, Kouhei Ohnishi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents a unique method to cancel the backlash present in geared drive systems and thrust-wire systems. Large-sized robots need larger actuators with a high inertia to obtain the desired amount of torque. However, the use of large actuators will increase the effect of gravity. To compensate for the gravitational effect, motors with a high torque are again necessary. Therefore, geared drive systems are used to obtain higher torques and decrease the actuator size. However, adding gears will create a backlash problem. Moreover, when it is necessary to make lighter robots, thrust wires can be used to transmit the …

A Practical Tuning Method For The Robust Pid Controller With Velocity Feed-Back, Emre Sariyildiz, Haoyong Yu, Kouhei Ohnishi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control is the most widely used control method in industrial and academic applications due to its simplicity and efficiency. Several different control methods/algorithms have been proposed to tune the gains of PID controllers. However, the conventional tuning methods do not have sufficient performance and simplicity for practical applications, such as robotics and motion control. The performance of motion control systems may significantly deteriorate by the nonlinear plant uncertainties and unknown external disturbances, such as inertia variations, friction, external loads, etc., i.e., there may be a significant discrepancy between the simulation and experiment if the robustness is not considered …

Walking Paths To And From A Goal Differ: On The Role Of Bearing Angle In The Formation Of Human Locomotion Paths, Manish Sreenivasa, Katja Mombaur, Jean-Paul Laumond

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The path that humans take while walking to a goal is the result of a cognitive process modulated by the perception of the environment and physiological constraints. The path shape and timing implicitly embeds aspects of the architecture behind this process. Here, locomotion paths were investigated during a simple task of walking to and from a goal, by looking at the evolution of the position of the human on a horizontal (x,y) plane. We found that the path while walking to a goal was not the same as that while returning from it. Forward-return paths were systematically separated by 0.5-1.9m, …

Occurrence Of Perfluoroalkyl And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances In The Water Environment And Their Removal In A Water Treatment Process, Biplob Kumar Pramanik

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are found in aquatic environments worldwide. The presence of these compounds in the water environment is still unclear, even though direct or indirect discharges of these compounds from industries to the aquatic environment are the potential routes. In this paper, PFOA and PFOS contamination of aquatic ecosystems, and their removal efficiency by different water treatment processes are reviewed. Typically, PFOS and PFOA contamination levels are higher in industrialized countries than in non-industrial countries. Coagulation, sand filtration, sedimentation, oxidation and disinfection are mostly ineffective in removing PFASs …

Server-Aided Verification Signature With Privacy For Mobile Computing, Lingling Xu, Jin Li, Shaohua Tang, Joon Sang Baek

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

Development And Implementation Of A Flipped-Classroom Delivery In Engineering Computing And Analysis For First Year Engineering Students, David B. Hastie, Montserrat Ros, Brad Stappenbelt, Senevi Kiridena

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

University of Wollongong recently undertook a major restructure of its academic and professional units, after the appointment of a new Vice Chancellor in 2012. As a result, the previous 11 faculties have been merged and rationalised into five new faculties. The Faculty of Engineering and the Faculty of Informatics merged to become the Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences (EIS), consisting of six schools representing a total of 13 disciplines. Following the restructuring, EIS made the decision to develop a new common first year curriculum for all engineering undergraduate programs, spanning nine disciplines, they being; civil, mining, environmental, electrical, computer, …

Systems Science And Systems Thinking For Public Health: A Systematic Review Of The Field, Gemma Carey, Eleanor Malbon, Nicole Carey, Andrew Joyce, Brad Crammond, Alan L. Carey

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Objectives: This paper reports on findings from a systematic review designed to investigate the state of systems science research in public health. The objectives were to: (1) explore how systems methodologies are being applied within public health and (2) identify fruitful areas of activity.

Design: A systematic review was conducted from existing literature that draws on or uses systems science (in its various forms) and relates to key public health areas of action and concern, including tobacco, alcohol, obesity and the social determinants of health.

Data analysis: 117 articles were included in the review. An inductive qualitative content analysis was …

Axial Compression Tests On Hybrid Frp-Steel-Concrete Columns With High-Strength Steel Plates, Tao Yu, Lip H. Teh, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The applications of high-strength steel (HSS) products to civil engineering structures have been limited by elastic local buckling, by the perceived lack of ductility, and by the perceived difficulties of welding such steels. Against this background, the authors have recently proposed a new hybrid column (i.e. High Strength Steel Plate-Concrete Filled FRP Tube or HSSP-CFFT) consisting of an outer FRP tube, a concrete in-fill and a number of encased high-strength steel plates that are connected to each other by bolted angle brackets at discrete elevations. The new column offers an ideal opportunity for the use of HSS plates in construction, …