Engineering Commons^™

Development And Preliminary Application Of Mathematical Models To The Weber Basin, W. J. Grenney, D. S. Bowles, M. D. Chambers, J. P. Riley

Reports

The adoption of stream standards, whether for direct application or for the establishment of realistic effluent standards, creates a need to predict the impact of pollution loads on river water quality during critical flow periods or as the result of future user demands. Because of the complexity of aquatic systems, mathematical models are an excellent medium for bringing together the state-of-the-art knowledge from a variety of disciplines into a form which can be readily applied to practical problems. Applying a mathematical model to a river system has the added advantage of providing a structure for the systematic consideration of the …

Multiple Uses Of Utah Irrigation Canals: Cache County As A Case Study, James J. Kennedy, Komain Unhanand

Reports

Irrigation use is an obvious benefit of Utah canals that has been recognized for over 100 years. This study attempts to illustrate other, less obvious, uses. the major use examined was recreational, but canals are presently functioning as storm drainage systems and have potential for diverting flood crests in many river systems.

Recreational use of canals falls into two categories. There is passive use such as its landscape values, affects on creating shade and bird-wildlife habitat, etc., that is difficult to quantify but no less important than active canal use such as tubing, hiking, bank-play, bicycling, etc. We selected several …

Water Salvage Potentials In Utah, Volume I. Open Water Evaporation And Monolayer Suppression Potential, Trevor C. Hughes, E. Arlo Richardson, James A. Franckiewicz

Reports

An estimate of the potential in Utah for evaporation suppression by the monolayer film method is presented. The model estimates evaporation suppression as a function of wind speed, a four parameter exposure factor, and reservoir size. The estimated suppression factors vary from 0 to 30 percent and average 11 percent of the statewide total annual evaporation. Estimates of May to October evaporation and suppression potential are calculated for each of the 227 impoundments in the surface water inventory. A forthcoming report in this series will examine the potential for evaporation suppression by thermal destratification. This procedure, which is already being …

Interactive Hybrid Computer Program As An Aid For Teaching Hydrology, Arif Hikmet Atali

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The science of water resource planning and management implies the utilization of available water supplies in order to meet specific goals and objectives (Hill and Riley, 1972). Essential to effective planning and management is the consideration and analysis of all possible alternatives. Past research at Utah State University has demonstrated that the hybrid computer simulation of hydrologic processes is a reliable planning technique which provides the capability to examine many possible alternatives in a short period of time (Hill et al., 1970; Riley, 1970; and Riley et al., 1967). This technique, because of its interactive characteristics, is valuable also in …

An Evaluation Of In-Stream Structures Designed To Provide Fish Habitat, Charles H. Call Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In-stream concrete structures were studied through model tests and river tests. The model studies indicated that four designs provided good habitat in the model stream. These structures were the inverted weir, the "V" structure, the slab with legs and the cylinder. Through the river studies it was determined that these structures did not influence enough of the total river area to be effective in providing good fish habitat. Also an appreciable amount of yearly maintenance would be required to free the structures from silting in, debris, and vandalism. The slab with legs was the only promising structure.

Developed Guidelines For A Career Next Step High School Placement Center Compared To Existing High School Placement Practices In Selected Urban High Schools In Utah, Jimmie B. Wallace

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze community power actors' responses to a questionnaire, in order to gain information to be used in developing Career Next Step High School Placement Center guidelines.

The study was a descriptive research which employed the reputational technique to identify community power actors and the survey technique to gain information from selected urban schools for comparative purposes.

The reputational technique surveyed 31 Ogden Community power actors and the survey technique was administered to 26 selected urban high schools in Utah.

Guidelines were developed for the following major areas:

1. Functions of a Career …

Phosphorus Budget Of The Hyrum Reservoir - Little Bear River System, William A. Luce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phosphorus concentrations in the water of the Hyrum Reservoir - Little Dear River Watershed were determined by collecting 12 samples every two weeks over a seven month period and analyzing them for dissolved orthophosphate, total dissolved phosphorus, and total unfiltered phosphorus.

The concentrations obtained were used in conjunction with a water budget to determine a phosphorus budget. Apparent major inputs of phosphorus to the reservoir included a trout farm and runoff from agricultural land in the watershed.

Statistical analyses of the data were made to determine what effect precipitation, streamflow, and mileage downstream had on the concentrations of phosphorus in …

Finite Difference Solution For Drainage Of Heterogeneous Sloping Lands, Fahd Salih Natur

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The two-dimensional problem of tile drainage on sloping heterogeneous lands was considered. The land surface and the impermeable boundaries of the problem were of a general shape. The flow in both the saturated and unsaturated zones was considered and the system was treated as one composite system. The problem was solved by a finite difference numerical method using the successive over-relaxation iterative (SOR) method for the steady state case with no local recharge, and a combined Newton inner iteration and successive over- relaxation outer iteration for the transient state case with local recharge. Both the rising water table and the …

Effects Of Fertilizers On Cultured Salt Marsh Plants, Ruppia And Chara, Scott Marshall Stenquist

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Widgeongrass (Ruppia maritima), muskgrass (Chara Sp.), and midge larvae (family Chironomidae) were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions using a solution of Logan tap water, 3000 ppm. sodium chloride, and an algicide-fungicide inhibiter. Soil, vegetation, and invertebrates came from a spring-fed marsh in western Utah. Ammonium sulfate, treble superphosphate, and sewage sludge fertilizers were applied to the plants at 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 300 pounds per acre equivalents of ammonium sulfate; 5, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 300 pounds per acre equivalents of treble superphsophate; and 5, 25, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500,700, and …

Asynchronous Logic Design With Flip-Flop Constraints, David Franklin Cox

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Some techniques are presented to permit the implementation of asynchronous sequential circuits using standard flip-flops. An algorithm is presented for the RS flip-flop, and it is shown that any flow table may be realized using the algorithm (the flow table is assumed to be realizable using standard logic gates). The approach is shown to be directly applicable to synchronous circuits, and transition flip-flops (JK, D, and T) are analyzed using the ideas developed. Constraints are derived for the flow tables to meet to be realizable using transition flip-flops in asynchronous situations, and upper and lower bounds on the number of …

A Study Of The Effectiveness Of Water Resources Planning Groups A Final Report, Daniel H. Hoggan, Jim Mulder, Sarah Jane Taylor, Dennis E. Oaks, Brent Somers, Raymond L. Richardson

Reports

Information and recommendations were developed pertaining to the organization of regional and river basin water planning studies, useful to river basin commissions and others responsible for such studies. The approach that was used included four basic components: (1) conceptualization of a planning model, based on an analysis of planning theory and organizational literature, (2) analysis and review of historical trends in water resources planned, (3) examination and comparative evaluation of 15 river basin planning studies, and (4) case studies of two planning efforts selected from the 15 examined in order to perform a more detailed analysis and to gain information …

Precipitation Augmentation Potential By Cloud Seeding In The State Of Utah, Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

No abstract provided.

Upgrading Wastewater Stabilization Ponds To Meet New Discharge Standards, Donna H. Falkdenborg, Ronald F. Lewis, Donald J. Ehreth

Reports

No abstract provided.

Modeling The Total Hydrologic-Sociologic Flow System Of Urban Areas - Phase Ii, Wade H. Andrews, J. Paul Riley, George B. Shih, Malcolm B. Masteller

Reports

Introduction and Overview: This is an interim report on Phase II of the three phase study. The objectives covered in this phase were: 1. To gather social and hydrologic data needed to calibrate and test the model. 2. The expand the physical model to include the rural part of the watersheds. 3. To test and improve techniques of the logical linking of the hydrologic and sociologic systems. 4. To begin adapting the model to the computer. During the second phase for the hydrologic component of the model major emphasis was placed on the expansion of the hydrologic area and the …

Effect Of Temperature On Algal Removal By Alum Coagulation, Muhammad Anis H. Al-Layla, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Questions about the effect of temperature on algal cell coagulation and the relationships between algae removal and temperature, alum dosage, paddle speed, flocculation time, and settling time are answered. The investigations consisted of two series of tests: Studies on algae cultured under laboratory control, and algae in wastewater stabilization ponds. The jar-test technique was used for the coagulation of algal suspensions by alum. Coagulation of algae is caused mainly by the insoluble flocs of aluminum hydroxide. Other aluminum species also have coagulative properties but are far less effective. The destabilization of algal colloids results from enmeshment within the hydroxide precipitates, …

Evaluating Water Reuse Alternatives In Water Resources Planning, A. Bruce Bishop, William J. Grenney, Rengasan Narayanan, Stanley L. Klemetson

Reports

Water reuse is a recognized option for augmenting water supplies to provide for expanded water needs. A methodology is developed for examining optimal strategies for water reuse within the context of the total water resources system, including both the provision of water supplies for various uses and management of wastewaters. A model of the water resources system is formulated as a “transportation “ or “transshipment” problem in linear programming depicting the possible sources of supply, including effluent sources available for reuse, which can be used to satisfy the requirements of various water users. The optimizing objective in the model is …

Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity Of Oil Refinery Waste, Sodium Chlorate, And Treated Sewage To Fathead Minnows, Curt C. Shifrer, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, William F. Sigler

Reports

A literature review and experiments were conducted to determine the effects of temperature on the toxicity of three materials to fish (fathead minnows,

Planning For Water Quality In The Virgin River System In The State Of Utah, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Planning For Water Quality In The Bear River System In The State Of Utah, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Planning For Water Quality In The Sevier River System In The State Of Utah

Reports

No abstract provided.

Intermittent Sand Filtration To Upgrade Existing Wastewater Treatment Facilities, Gary R. Marshall, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

No abstract provided.

Waste Load Allocation For The Virgin River Basin As Of October, 1973

Reports

No abstract provided.

Slope Stability Of Overburden Spoil Dumps From Surface Phosphate Mines In Southeastern Idaho, Roland W. Jeppson, Robert W. Hill, C. Earl Israelsen

Reports

No abstract provided.

Steady Flow Analysis Of Pipe Networks: An Instructional Manual, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Simulation Of Steady And Unsteady Flows In Channels And Rivers, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The unsteady, one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations are solved by an implicit finite difference scheme to handle general channel and river flows. The initial conditions for the unsteady flow are provided by solving the steady varied flow equation for the specified boundary conditions. The solution for the unsteady flow allows any of eight separate boundary conditions to be specified which are composed of combinations of specifying the depth or discharge as functions of time at either the upstream of downstream ends, with the stage-discharge relation or constant depth and flow rate specified at the other end. Typical solutions showing the spatial and …

Water Resources Planning, Social Goals, And Indicators: Methodological Development And Empirical Test, Henry P. Caulfield

Reports

A methodology for comprehensive evaluation of water resources development and use (Techcom) has been developed and partially field tested. A model of societal goals consists of nine primary goals successively articualted into increasingly specific subgoals. Achievement of subgoals is perceived as affected by measurable social indicators whose values are perturbed by water resources actions. Linking the elements of the goals taxon by connectives result in an evaluation system. historical, political and philosophical considerations of the proposed system are discussed in Part I. Part II describes the results of the Rio Grande of New Mexico test including public perception and weighting …

Review Paper: Evaluation Of Techniques For Algae Removal From Wastewater Stabilization Ponds, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart, Gary R. Marshall, James H. Reynolds, William J. Grenney

Reports

Introduction: Approximately 90 percent of the wastewater lagoons in the United States are located in small communities of 5,000 people or less. These communities, many with an average daily wastewater flow of only 175,000 - 200,000 gallons, do not have the resources to keep man at the lagoon sites throughout the day (38). A high degree of technical knowhow is usually lacking in these communities. Often only periodic inspection or maintenance is carried out by the general municipal work force. Therefore, the development of a relatively inexpensive method that does not require sophisticated and constant operation or extensive maintenance is …

Waste Load Allocation For The Bear River Basin As Of October, 1973

Reports

No abstract provided.

Component Description Of Sediment-Water Microcosms, James Hill Iv

Reports

The development and application of complementary variables (potential and flux) for modeling environmental systems are illustrated for the hydraulic and dissolved oxygen subsystems of laboratory microcosms. These sediment-water, semi-continuous flow microcosms were used to determine nutrient interchange and mercury interactions under lighted (aerobic) and dark (anaerobic) conditions. The approach of using complementary variables to describe such systems forces a more complete conceptual understanding of the system and better attention to those parameters (many of which are unknown) requiring measurement. Complementary variables are incorporated into basic linear component equations which describe basic processes of energy transfer and transformation. The components are …

Hydrologic Model Studies Of The Mt. Olympus Cove Area Of Salt Lake County, J. Paul Riley, Vernon J. Rogers, George B. Shih

Reports

Urban development on any natural drainage basin causes marked changes in the runoff characteristics of the basin. Urbanization alters natural drainage channels and reduces average infiltration rates. Thus, flood conditions are enhanced both within the urbanizing area itself and at downstream locations, where existing channels might not be able to cope with the increased rates of water flow. The Olympus Cove area in Salt Lake County is undergoing rapid urban development, and potential flood hazards within the area and at downstream locations are thereby increasing. Recognizing this situation, officials of the Sale Lake County took the initiative in organizing an …