Engineering Commons^™

Glycerolysis Of Fats And Methyl Esters., Hossein Noureddini, V Medikonduru

Papers in Biomaterials

The glycerolysis of methyl esters and triglycerides with crude glycerol. a coproduct from the transesterification of triglycerides, was studied. Three procedures were followed ior this conversion. The first procedure was a one-step glycerolysis with methyl esters. The second procedure was a two-step process. This proced~~irnev olved an initial partial glycerolysis with methyl esters, followed by fat glycerolysis. The third procedure u,as a simultaneous glycerolysis n,ith methyl esters and triglycerides. In the glycerolysis with methyl esters, the removal of methanol is vital to the production of mono- and diglycerides. Methanol was removed either by drawing vacuum on the reactor or by …

Mlpq: A Linear Constraint Database System With Aggregate Operators, Yiming Li

Department of Computer Science and Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In this project report, I will discuss a Multiple Linear Programming Query (MLPQ) system and the theoretical background of this system.The MPLQ system is developed to solve some realistic problems involving both linear programming (UP) techniques and linear constraint databases (LCDBs) theory. The MLPQ system is aimed at providing a mechanism of bridging these two important areas. system basically consists of three parts which are a linear constraint database, an LP solver, and an interface between the LCDB and the LP solver. The LCDB of the MLPQ system contains multiple linear programming problems. The LP solver used in the MPLQ …

Infrared Ellipsometry On Hexagonal And Cubic Boron Nitride Thin Films, E. Franke, H. Neumann, Mathias Schubert, T. E. Tiwald, John A. Woollam, J. Hahn

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry (IRSE) over the wavelength range from 700 to 3000 cm^-1 has been used to study and distinguish the microstructure of polycrystalline hexagonal and cubic boron nitride thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering onto (100) silicon. The IRSE data are sensitive to the thin-film layer structure, phase composition, and average grain c-axes orientations of the hexagonal phase. We determine the amount of cubic material in high cubic boron nitride content thin films from the infrared optical dielectric function using an effective medium approach.

Acuta Enews March 1997, Vol. 26, No. 3

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

Student Paper Competition Nears Deadline

U.S. Court of Appeals stays FCC Detariffing Order

Board Nominations Due April 12

Welcome New Members

Board Report

Same as Sales, But No Commission

Spotlight

DC at a Glance

Publications Committee

ACUTA Membership Renewal

Kinetics Of Transesterification Of Soybean Oil, Hossein Noureddini, D Zhu

Papers in Biomaterials

Transesterification of soybean oil with methanol was investigated. Three stepwise and reversible reacttons are believed to occur. The effect of variations in mixing intensity (Reynolds number = 3,100 to 12,400) and temperature (30 to 70'CJ on the rate oireaction were studied while the molar ratio of alcohol to triglycerol (6:l) and the concentration of catalyst (0.20 wt% based on soybean oil) were held constant. The variations in mixing intensity appear to effect the reaction parallel to the variations in temperature. A reaction mechanism consisting of an initial mass transfer-controlled region followed by a kinetically controlled region is proposed. The experimental …

High-Bandwidth Attitude Jitter Determination For Pointing And Tracking Systems, Marcelo C. Algrain

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

For many reasons smaller spacecraft are becoming more appealing. Because of their lower inertias, these spacecraft are more sensitive to disturbances and likely to have more attitude jitter than the larger units. These jitter levels are unacceptable for some scientific instruments and need to be compensated. In the case of line-of-sight type instruments, the attitude jitter can be mitigated by incorporating a fast steering mirror into the system. To take full advantage of these devices, the spacecraft attitude must be measured at sufficiently high bandwidth, well beyond what is commonly provided by inertial reference units. Various ways to obtain higher …

Acuta Enews February 1997, Vol.26, No. 2

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

Call for Nominations for 1997-98

ACUTA Board of Directors

Effective Presentations

Board Report

Welcome New Members

Is It a Virus- Or a Hoax?

Vendor Liaison Committee

DC at a Glance

FCC Designates Wireless Spectrum for School

FCC Extends Campus Station License Terms

Coming Soon to Your IXC: 10XXX Changes

Tractor Test Museum Committee Minutes Jan 28, 1997, Tractor Museum

Lester F. Larsen Tractor Museum: Planning and Development Documents

Foundation Budget Recognition Certificates By-law changes

An Intercomparison Of Two Tunable Diode Laser Spectrometers Used For Eddy Correlation Measurements Of Methane Flux In A Prairie Wetland, David P. Billesbach, Joon Kim, R.J. Clement, S.B Verman, F.G. Ullman

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

An intercomparison was made between two tunable diode laser spectrometers used to measure methane fluxes by the eddy correlation technique at a prairie wetland site. The spectrometers were built by Unisearch Associates Inc. of Concord, Ontario, Canada, and Campbell Scientific Inc. of Logan, Utah, and were models EMS-50 and TGA-100, respectively. The fluxes were found to agree very well with each other in the range of 0 to 42 mg 􏰑 m-2 h-1.

The TGA-100 was observed to exhibit offset drifts. Most of the time, when the offset was only slowly changing (as compared to the eddy correlation averaging time), …

Estimation Of Surface Snow Properties Using Combined Millimeter-Wave Backscatter And Near-Infrared Reflectance Measurements, Ram M. Narayanan, Sandy R. Jackson

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Knowledge of surficial snow properties such as grain size, surface roughness, and free-water content provides clues to the metamorphic state of snow on the ground, which in turn yields information on weathering processes and climatic activity. Remote sensing techniques using combined concurrent measurements of near-infrared passive reflectance and millimeter-wave radar backscatter show promise in estimating the above snow parameters. Near-infrared reflectance is strongly dependent on snow grain size and free-water content, while millimeter-wave backscatter is primarily dependent on free-water content and, to some extent, on the surface roughness. A neural-network based inversion algorithm has been developed that optimally combines near-infrared …

An Integrated Approach To Simulation And Activity-Based Costing For Evaluating Alternative Manufacturing Cell Designs, Robert Williams, Paul Savory, Rodney Rasmussen

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

One effective technique for improving manufacturing efficiency involves the application of group technology part families and manufacturing cells. Selection of the best or optimum configuration of the manufacturing cell relies on the experience and judgment of the cell designer. This paper describes how activity-based costing (ABC) concepts can be integrated into a discrete-event simulation model and be used to evaluate manufacturing cell configurations. The output of the combined ABC simulation model provides a detailed “Bill of Activity” which allows the cell designer to consider costs as a critical factor in the cell design problem. Alternative cell configurations studied in this …

Simulating Queue Scheduling Policies For A Spacecraft Simulator, Paul Savory, Gene Saghi

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

The mission of the Cassini spacecraft is a unique opportunity to gain insights into major scientific questions about Saturn, the creation of the solar system, and the conditions that led to life on Earth. In preparation for the launch, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory developed a software simulator to emulate the hardware data-control system of the spacecraft. Its primary use is to validate and verify commands that will be transmitted to the spacecraft. To improve the performance of the simulator, we used the SIMAN simulation language to model numerous queue-scheduling policies. Implementation of the simulation results combined with a software-code redesign …

Selecting For Random Drug Testing At Union Pacific Railroad, Jennifer Meyer, Paul Savory

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Many industries have recently implemented programs to detect and deter the use of recreational drugs in the workplace. The transportation industry has received careful government attention, particularly where the safety of the public may be seriously affected by employees who use drugs. Following federal guidelines, Union Pacific Railroad first implemented a random drug-testing plan in 1990. Because the assigned jobs, shifts, and work locations of many railroad employees change frequently, defining the selection population was particularly challenging. In its continuing efforts to validate and improve this plan, Union Pacific Railroad sought an external evaluation to determine the fairness of its …

An Aggregation Procedure For Simulating Manufacturing Flow Line Models, Paul Savory, Gerald Mackulak

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

We develop a formal method for specifying an aggregate discrete-event simulation model of a production flow line manufacturing system. The methodology operates by aggregating production stations or resources of a flow line. Determining the specifications for representing the aggregated resources in a simulation model is the focus of our presentation. We test the methodology for a set of flow lines with exponentially distributed arrival and service times. Comparisons between analytical and simulation results indicate the aggregation approach is quite accurate for estimating average part cycle time.

Acuta Enews January 1997, Vol.26, No. 1

ACUTA Newsletters

In This Issue

Do You Have a Voice Mail Handbook?

A Few Words of Advice

Board Report

ACUTA Journal: Second Issue Topics

Membership Committee

Reimbursing Personal Calls

Editorial Board Named

DC at a Glance

WCU on the Cutting Edge

Interstate Long Distance Tariffs Eliminated

Block it, again

Welcome New Members

A Method To Partially Suppress Is1 And Ma1 For Ds Ss Cdma Wireless Networks, Beata J. Wysocki, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

We propose a method to partially suppress ISI and MAI for US SS CDMA schemes in wireless LANs. The method can be regarded as an alternative approach to combat ISI and in particular MAI by the use of advanced multiuser detection. Instead of using very sophisticated detectors, we propose introduction of a simple modification to the carrier waveform which results in very substaiitial reduction in cross-correlation belween users and an off-peak auto-correlation. The method can be applied to any DS SS CDMA scheme, but should be particularly useful in the case of short spreading signatures, as is the case of …

Byproduct Formation During The Reduction Of Tce By Zero-Valence Iron And Palladized Iron, Liyuan Liang, Nic Korte, J. D. Goodlaxson, Jay Clausen, Quintus Fernando, Rosy Muftikian

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Trichlorothene (TCE) was reduced with zero-valence iron and palladized iron in zero-head-space extractors. Progress of the reaction in these batch studies was monitered with purge-and-trap gas chromatography and a flame ionization detector. When a 5 ppm initial concentration of TCE reacts with zero-valence iron, approximately 140 ppb of vinyl chloride persists for as long as 73 days. The concentration of vinyl chloride (approximately 10 ppb) remaining with palladized iron is approximately and order of magnitude less than when zero-valence iron is the reductant. These data suggest that volatile byproducts may be under-represented in other published data regarding reduction in zero-valence …

A Lagrangian Dispersion Model For Predicting Co2 Sources, Sinks, And Fluxes In A Uniform Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda L.) Stand, Gabriel Katul, Ram Oren, David Ellsworth, Cheng-I Hsieh, Nathan Phillips, Keith Lewin

United States Department of Energy: Publications

A canopy Lagrangian turbulent scalar transport model for predicting scalar fluxes, sources, and sinks within a forested canopy was tested using CO₂ concentration and flux measurements. The model formulation is based on the localized near-field theory (LNF) proposed by Raupach [1989a, b]. Using the measured mean CO₂ concentration profile, the vertical velocity variance profile, and the Lagrangian integral timescale profile within and above a forested canopy, the proposed model predicted the CO₂ flux and source (or sink) profiles. The model testing was carried out using eddy correlation measurements at 9 m in a uniform 13 m tall …

Synthesis Of A Low-Carbonate High-Charge Hydrotalcite-Like Compound At Ambient Pressure And Atmosphere, Ravi K. Kukkadapu, Marc S. Witkowski, James E. Amonette

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Hydrotalcite (HT), a clay mineral, is constructed of brucite-like layers [Mg(OH)₂] in which substitution of Al³⁺ for Mg²⁺ at a mole ratio of 1:3 yields a net positive charge. This layer charge is compensated by exchangeable CO₃ 2- anions located (along with adsorbed water molecules) in the interlayer region. Numerous analogues of HT [i.e., “hydrotalcite-like” compounds (HTLCs)] have been synthesized with a variety of M²⁺/M³⁺ combinations,M²⁺/M³⁺ ratios, and interlayer anions.1-10 The compositions of these HTLCs are usually expressed using a generalized form of the formula for a substituted brucite, …

The Agricultural Health Study: Factors Affecting Completion And Return Of Self-Administered Questionnaires In A Large Prospective Cohort Study Of Pesticide Applicators, Robert Tarone, Michael Alavanja, Sheila Hoar Zahm, Jay Lubin, Dale Sandler, Suzanne Mcmaster, Nathaniel Rothman, Aaron Blair

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Response rates were examined in a prospective epidemiologic study of individuals, mostly farmers, from Iowa and North Carolina seeking a pesticide applicator license during the period from 1994 through 1996. In the first year of enrollment 16,535 farmers (representing 77% of eligible farmer applicators) enrolled in the study by completing a 17-page questionnaire administered at a pesticide training session; 47% of the enrolled farmers completed and returned a much longer take-home questionnaire. The characteristics of farmers who completed only the enrollment questionnaire were quite similar to those of farmers who also completed and returned the take-home questionnaire. The most notable …

Quantitation Reference Compounds And Voc Recoveries From Soils By Purge-And-Trap Gc/Ms, Brian Schumacher, Steven Ward

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Unquantified volatile organic compound (VOC) losses occur in every phase of VOC determination including sample collection, transport, storage, preparation, and analysis. Current quality assurance/quality control measures, such as surrogate spikes and internal standards, do not account for losses that occur during sample handling nor do they account for soil matrix effects. An alternate approach, the quantitation reference compound (QRC) approach, is presented that involves direction injection of the QRCs onto the soil matrix to account for any matrix effects and losses during subsequent processing steps prior to sample analysis. Final VOC quantitation is based on the QRC instead of the …

Nebraska Summary 322: Maasey Ferguson 4360, 4260 And 4263 Diesel 12-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA

The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data.

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES

Purpose

The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary 280: Massey Ferguson 4370 And 4270 Diesel 12-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA

The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data.

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES

Purpose

The purpose of …

Test 1727: John Deere 7710 Powershift Diesel 19-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURE General Tractors are tested at the University of Nebraska according to the Agricultural Tractor Test Code approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Society of Automotive Engineers or official Nebraska test procedure. The manufacturer selects the tractor to be tested and certifies that it is a stock model. Each tractor is equipped with the common power consuming accessories such as power steering, power lift pump, generator, etc., if available. Power consuming accessories may be disconnected only when the means for disconnecting can be reached from the operating station. An official representative of …

Nebraska Summary: S200 Massey Ferguson 8160, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S199 Massey Ferguson 8150, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S252 New Holland 8360, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S250 New Holland 8260, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S247 New Holland 8160, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S244 New Holland 4835, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …