Engineering Commons^™

Umass Amherst Case Studies – Campus Center Plaza & Lederle Graduate Research Center, Elliott Hambrook

UMassBRUT Community

This presentation discusses Gale’s recent experience with repair projects at two (2) brutalist structures on the Amherst Campus at UMass. A board-formed concrete retaining wall at the base of the Murray D. Lincoln Campus Center (Marcel Breuer, 1970) was tastefully modified, but retained, as part of a waterproofing replacement project, addressing water infiltration and improving sight lines across the Campus Center Plaza. The panelized precast concrete façades of the John W. Lederle Graduate Research Center (Campbell, Aldrich, & Nulty, 1969) received new exterior sealants, enlarged panel joints, PCB removal and encapsulation, supplemental panel anchorage, and a waterproof coating.

Dam Impoundments Sediment Mass – Tributaries To The Hudson River, Brian Yellen, Jonathan Woodruff

Data and Datasets

This repository contains data from sediment cores collected during 2017-2018 from 17 impoundments that are located on tributaries to the tidal portion of the Hudson River as part of a larger NERRs collaborative project entitled Dams and Sediment on the Hudson (DaSH). A companion dataset that contains sediment core data from Hudson tidal marshes is archived at UMass Scholarworks data repository. Sediment cores collected from impoundments behind dams were recovered via piston push coring, which tends to minimize compaction and be representative of true sediment thicknesses. The general workflow for cores included (1) splitting; (2) Itrax XRF scanning; (3) subsampling …

Panel 1 Paper 1.3: Le Paysage Rural Patrimonial, Outil Et Projet Au Service De La Lutte Contre Le Réchauffement Climatique, Régis Ambroise

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Cette intervention fait référence au paragraphe de la résolution19GA 2017/30 du Conseil International des Monuments et des Sites indiquant que « la 19° Assemblée générale de l’ICOMOS… salue l’adoption de l’accord de Paris et encourage tous les membres de l’ICOMOS à renforcer leurs efforts pour appuyer sa mise en œuvre et identifier les réponses qui s’appuient sur le patrimoine ou les paysages culturels… ». Elle prend l’exemple de la façon dont les paysages de terrasses ont été abordés ces dernières années dans trois situations différentes : en France, dans le Guizhou en Chine et dans le Priorat en Espagne.

En …

Qkan - Management Of Drainage System Data With Qgis, Jörg Höttges

Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings

Based on QGIS a database structure and a set of plugins have been developed to improve the workflow for the hydraulic design of urban drainage systems for consulting engineers. The main goal is pre- and postprocessing in combination with various commercial hydraulic simulation software packages. The plugins provide import and export functionalities, simulation result viewing and generation of longitudinal cross sections in a CAD program. All modules make intensive use of SQL based spatial functions instead of functions implemented in QGIS, because of their stability, higher flexibility and speed due to the indexing functionality. On the other hand the database …

Methods For Incorporating Ecological Impacts With Climate Uncertainty To Support Robust Flood Management Decision-Making, Caitlin M. Spence

Doctoral Dissertations

Modern and historic flood risk management involves accommodating multiple sources of sources of uncertainty and potential impacts across a broad range of interrelated sectors. Sources of uncertainty that affect planning include internal climate variability, anthropogenic changes such as land use and system performance expectations, and more recently changes in climatology that affect the resources supporting the system. Flood management systems potentially impact human settlements within and beyond the systems’ scope of planning, local weather patterns, and associated ecological systems. Federal guidelines across nations have called for greater consideration of uncertainty and impacts of water resources planning projects, but methods for …

River And Stream Power Assessment Report Including Culvert And Bridge Vulnerability Analysis: Deerfield River Basin, Massachusetts And Vermont, James G. Macbroom, Roy Schiff, Jessica Louisos

Water Reports

This geomorphic assessment of Deerfield River in western Massachusetts and southern Vermont has been prepared by Milone & MacBroom, Inc. (MMI) on behalf of the University of Massachusetts as part of its "Farms, Floods, and FGM" project, funded by the United States Department of Agriculture – National Institute of Food and Agriculture National Integrated Water Quality Program(USDA – NIFA NIWQP) program. This project is a broad-based geomorphic assessment of the Deerfield River and its adjacent riparian corridor to define its characteristics, processes, and management issues. The river channel is used extensively for hydroelectric power generation and recreation, with agricultural …

Environmental Implications Of Nanotechnology, Boris Lau, Joann Mariie Rodríguez

Science and Engineering Saturday Seminars

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Partial-Depth, Floating, Impermeable Guidance Structures For Downstream Fish Passage At Hydroelectric Facilities, Kevin Mulligan

Doctoral Dissertations

Partial-depth, impermeable guidance structures (or guide walls) are used to enhance downstream passage effectiveness at a hydroelectric facility by actively guiding fish to a safe passage route (i.e. the bypass). Guide walls have been installed in a variety of ways and, like many fish passage devices, have resulted in variable efficiency rates. Currently, the most common type of installment is a steel panel guide wall attached to a floating boom. While less utilized than other guidance structure options (e.g. louvers and bar racks), guide walls have been gaining popularity, particularly within the Northwest United States. The aim of this dissertation …

Session C9: Cle Elum Dam Fish Passage: Novel, Research Driven Designs To Allow Downstream Passage For Juvenile Salmonids, Jason Wagner

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

When Cle Elum Dam (Washington, USA) was constructed, a highly productive sockeye salmon fishery was lost. As part of the proposed Yakima Basin Integrated Plan, fish passage will be restored at this site. For the migrating adults, a trap and haul fish collection facility will be constructed. For downstream juvenile salmon passage, a selective level outlet works, helical fish slide, and outfall will be constructed. The juvenile passage features groundbreaking research; primarily that of the helical fish slide. The presentation will cover aspects of the history of the project, the research driven designs, and the final designs (to be …

Session E9: Function Control Of Fish Migration Facilities At The Hydro Power Plant Kostheim At River Main, Dr. Jörg Schneider

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Applying various conventional and modern monitoring methods a function control of downstream migration facilities and turbine passage related mortality was conducted at the Kostheim Hydro Plant (4,9 MW; two Kaplan turbines; Δh max. 3,74 m, at MQ 2,36 m) at the river Main (km 3,2). Furthermore, the perceptibility and passability of a nature-like bypass for upstream migration was examined. Results showed a size selectivity of the bypass caused by an unsuitable entrance position 40 m downstream of the outlet of the turbines. The effectiveness of the downstream migration facilities proved to be low, leading to high mortalities at the …

Session A9: To Fill Or Not To Fill: Stream Simulation And Embedded Aquatic Organism Passage Structures, Robert Gubernick, Dan Cenderelli, Mark Weinhold, Dale Higgins, Jessica Kozarek, Sara Mielke

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Throughout North America stream simulation and embedded / recessed culverts are used to facilitate the passage of aquatic organisms thru road stream crossings. Although the concept of naturelike streambeds inside these structures is widely embraced, the design methodology and construction practice varies widely between state and federal agencies. Much debate has occurred with one specific requirement, whether or not to place stream bed material inside these structures. Not placing bed material inside structures assumes on going sediment transport processes will fill the structure’s interior with streambed materials. This is assumed to be a cost saving measure from both a …

Session C9: Priest Rapids Fish Bypass: A Case Study From Start To Finish, Curtis Dotson

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Priest Rapids Dam is a large (955 MW) hydroelectric dam on the Columbia River in Washington State, USA. As part of regulatory requirements associated with its FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) license and other agreements, the Public Utility District No. 2 of Grant County, WA was required to design and install non-turbine fish passage for downstream migrating juvenile salmonids at the dam, for the purpose to help meet its pre-establish survival standards for salmonid smolts passing through the Priest Rapids Hydroelectric Project during their downstream migration. This presentation is a case study highlighting the numerous steps that went into …

Session A9: Maintaining Agency Capacity For Ongoing And Future Road-Stream Crossing Challenges, Kurt Gernerd

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The USDA Forest Service is dedicated to managing the habitat, watersheds and terrestrial and aquatic organisms that live and migrate through the National Forest lands and waters throughout the United States, Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico. To achieve our mission and advance sound stewardship of all natural and manmade resources, we work closely with tribes, local, state and federal agencies, our stakeholders, and partners to find sciencebased solutions to complex ecological issues. Within our National Forests there is a large transportation network that is vital to communities and the economy, and this network also includes many road‐stream crossings, which …

Session B9: How Fish Use And Process Flow Information, Joachim Mogdans, Horst Bleckmann

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Fish use the mechanosensory lateral line and the acoustic system for the processing of hydrodynamic information. With their lateral line fish perceive the amplitude, direction and frequency content of water motions relative to their body and tail fin surface as well as local pressure gradients across their head and trunk. With the acoustic system fish detect the particle displacement component and the pressure amplitude of a sound wave. Both, the lateral line and acoustic system, play an important role in many fish behaviors, including schooling, predator avoidance, intraspecific communication and prey detection. With the acoustic system fish not only …

Session E9: Incorporating Fish Friendly Solutions In Existing Pumping Stations; An Economical Solution Enabling Fish Migration, Lars Krakers

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The low lying parts of Holland are vulnerable to flooding and are therefore heavily protected by dykes and several pumping stations. These however cause serious obstacles to migratory fish. Pumping stations can be lethal barriers for fish migration. Currently a lot of pump manufacturers are developing new fish friendly pumps. To fit these new pumps in existing pumping stations, usually civil adjustments are required at considerable costs. A more cost effective alternative would be to perform a fish friendly upgrade of the existing pumps.

During the last 3 years Flowserve conducted excessive research to increase their knowledge on fish …

Session E9: Cumulated Mortalities Of Salmon And Eel In The Turbines Of The Loire-Brittany District, Cédric Briand, Marion Legrand, Pierre-Marie Chapon, Laurent Beaulaton, Gaelle Germis, Marie-Andree Arago, Timothee Besse, Laura De Canet, Pierre Steinbach

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The effect of dams on mortality during downstream migration was simulated using distribution and mortality models in the whole Loire-Brittany water district (155 000 Km2). A combination of models was used: (1) juvenile habitats for smolts, (2) productivity of juvenile salmon habitats, (3) production of silver eels (EDA model), The models (1)*(2) and (3) were used to predict the number of downstream migrants in the current conditions and with a transparent upstream migration. (4) Turbine mortality was calculated from either the characteristics of the turbine (diameter, rotation speed, height ...) or by extrapolation from the average mortality when information …

Session A9: Green Infrastructure And Blue Habitat: Impacts Of Watershed Conditions And Stormwater Management On River Health And Fish Passage, Cathy Bozek

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Actions and land use in the watershed impact river habitat quality and fish migration. Stormwater runoff from developed land often carries high sediment loads that obstruct rivers, and excess nutrients that promote dense vegetation blooms, leading to conditions that severely hinder fish passage. Research shows that watershed impervious cover is a strong indicator of fluvial fish community health. Expanding directly-connected impervious surface in the watershed increases these impacts, while improved stormwater management can reduce the impacts and benefit the river system. Green infrastructure, including both sitespecific best management practices and landscape level conservation and restoration of natural lands, provides …

Session B9: Influence Of Biometric Parameters, Flow Condition And Water Temperature On Iberian Fish Sprinting Behavior: Volitionally Swimming Performance, Jorge Ruiz-Legazpi, Francisco‐Javier Sanz-Ronda, Francisco‐Javier Bravo-Cordoba, Sergio Makrakis, Theodore Castro-Santos

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Knowing the swimming ability of fish is important to detect movement limitations through hydraulic structures: fish passes weirs and slots, gauging stations, culverts, bridges foundations and other. All these obstacles are collectively referred to "velocity barriers". Fish behavior will determine the passage of these structures through combination of fish swimming performance and motivation. Once the fish decides to enter the barrier, must swim faster than the speed of the flow to advance. Thus, the swimming performance depends on the fish speed and fatigue time. To estimate these values, we experimented in an open channel flow with fish samples of …

Session E9: Migration Of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar) At Low-Head Archimedean Screw Hydropower Schemes, Robert Brackley, Colin Bean, Rhian Thomas

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

There has been a rapid increase in development of small-scale hydropower schemes across Europe. Such schemes may impact upon migratory fish populations through modification of migration pathways. There is a clear need for scientific evidence to inform guidelines for the design, placement and management of small-scale hydropower schemes for the protection of migratory fish. The proliferation of the Archimedean screw turbine (AST) for lowhead applications is concerning because although these turbines are purported to cause negligible damage to fish passing through them, the available data is limited.

The studies presented assess the impacts of low-head AST hydropower schemes on …

Session B9: Size Matters Even For The Ubiquitous Fish Speed Metric Of Bl/S, Chris Katopodis, Rick Gervais

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The use of BL/s, i.e. body lengths per second (dimensions of s-1), to express relative swim speeds for fish is very common. The physiological literature demonstrates the following: a) fish length is a strong predictor of swimming performance; b) longer fish achieve higher absolute swim speeds (dimensions of m/s) than shorter ones, at least for the same species; c) when swim speeds are expressed in BL/s, shorter fish have higher relative speeds than longer ones. Therefore, it is difficult to estimate swim speeds of large fish from small fish and vice versa, when using these absolute or relative swim …

Session B8: Swimming Behaviour Of Beluga And Stellate Sturgeons During Their Migration In The Lower Danube River, Stefan Honţ, Marian Paraschiv, Marian Iani, Radu Suciu, Lucian Oprea

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The Lower Danube River (LDR) still supports three naturally self-sustaining species of anadromous sturgeons. Beluga sturgeons (Huso huso) and stellate sturgeons (A. stellatus) are still common while Russian sturgeons (Acipenser gueldenstaedti) became very rare. Studying their swimming behaviour is essential for understanding (i) the impact of construction works aiming to improve conditions for navigation; (ii) sturgeon behaviour in relation to Iron Gate hydropower and navigation systems; (iii) behaviour of young sturgeons during downstream migration towards the Black Sea. A significant number of wild adult sturgeons (N= 103; 39 beluga, 1 Russian and 63 stellate) was implanted with acoustic transmitters, …

Session E8: Efficiency Measurements As Tool In Evaluating Fishways, Jan H. Kemper, Quincy A. De Bruijn

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The awareness of the importance of free fish migration in the Netherlands is reflected in the increasing number of fishways that has been built in the past decade. The intention is that all the bottlenecks will be solved before 2027.

Equally important as the realization of fishways, is the evaluation of the design. In other words, are all species and size classes that want to pass, truly able to pass the structure. The challenge in this type of research is to avoid interference of the measuring tools with the fish migrants. The conventional monitoring fyke, does not meet this …

Session B8: Changes In Fish Passage Metrics Following The Co-Location Of A Low-Head Hydropower Turbine With An Existing Fish Pass; Revealed By An Acoustic Tracking Study Of Migratory Salmonids, Richard A.A. Noble, Jon D. Bolland, Jamie R. Dodd, Sam E. Walton, Terry Coddington, Ian G. Cowx, Jon Hateley, Jim Gregory

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Co-location of hydropower turbine outfalls with fish pass entrances has been suggested as current best practice to optimise the attraction flows for the fish pass and to mitigate the perceived negative impacts of small run-of-river hydropower schemes. To test this a five year acoustic tracking study was instigated to monitor the installation of a low-head Archimedes screw turbine alongside an existing pool-traverse fish pass on Ruswarp Weir, at the tidal limit of the River Esk (England). The study tracked the behaviour of salmon and sea trout as they approached the weir and fish pass and determined the overall passage …

Session C8: River Mill Dam Downstream Migrant Integrated Collector And Bypass, Peter Christensen

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The River Mill Dam Hydroelectric Development is part of the Clackamas River Hydroelectric Project in northwest Oregon, USA owned and operated by Portland General Electric (PGE). A downstream migrant fish collector and bypass facility was installed on the dam in 2012. The dam was constructed in 1911, and although a fish ladder was included at the time, and upstream passage of anadromous and resident fish has always been provided, downstream passage was only possible through the turbines or over the spillway until the collector and bypass was added. The collector is unique in that attraction water used to entice …

Session E8: Fish Migration Possibilities In The Netherlands; State Of The Art (Barriers, Solutions, Monitoring), Martin Kroes, Herman Wanningen, Niels Breve, Peter Van Puijenbroek

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Measures to restore fish migration is gaining a major boost in the Netherlands since the Water Framework Directive, Benelux Regulation and Eel Directive are operational. Water managers, responsible for a good ecological status, are working hard to reach free fish migration in their waters.

Currently, 1.124 measures are realized at barriers like weirs, pumping stations, sluices and culverts. 2.745 barriers are identified. Since 2000, there is a strong development of measures and new techniques.

These results are based on a study “The Netherlands living with Fish Migration”, that was started in 2008. Target of this study was the evaluation …

Session E8: Not Just For Adults! Evaluating The Efficacy Of Multiple Fish Passage Designs At Low-Head Barriers For The Upstream Movement Of Juvenile And Adult Trout Salmo Trutta, Michael Forty, Jack Spees, Martyn Lucas

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Connectivity in salmonid-streams is vital for juvenile as well as adult trout, yet most upstream passage studies consider only larger adults. Upstream passage of juvenile and adult Salmo trutta at individual and cumulative low-head (< 3 m) barriers on two tributaries of the River Ribble (NW England) was investigated using PIT telemetry during summer/autumn 2013 and 2014. The efficiency of a low-cost baffle fish pass (Servais, 2006) was evaluated for the first time, along with two more traditional poolweir passes, an embedded rock ramp and two culverts. We used a combination of naturally migrating S. trutta and novel innature displacement experiments, where resident fish were displaced from above to below structures and their homing instinct utilised to instigate their ascent of the structure. Each structure was evaluated using several metrics measuring the passage efficiency (PE) and delays incurred before successful passage (time and number of attempts). We show that instigating ascent of a structure through downstream displacement can be successful with up to 91% of displaced fish attempting to pass. Passage efficiencies of up to 82% for the low-cost baffle design were observed, which was comparable to the pool-weir design (up to 84%) and better than the embedded rock ramp (71%). The two culverts had contrasting impacts, with the shorter control (within predicted swim performance) Culvert 1 representing a manmade structure which had little impact on passage efficiency (96% - 100%) and delay metrics compared to Culvert 2 (PE = 41%). Logistic regression demonstrated a strong body-length effect on passage success at passes, with shorter individuals (< 91–132 mm depending on the structure) having a less than 50% probability of successful passage. The study demonstrates the efficacy of three fish passage designs at low-head barriers and the variation in delay that can be incurred even between similarly designed passes.

Session C8: Development Of Criteria For The Design And Dimensioning Of Fish-Friendly Intakes For Small Hydropower Plant, Dominique Courret, Michel Larinier, Laurent David, Ludovic Chatellier

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

To conciliate the hydroelectric production and the restoration and protection plans of migratory species, in particular salmon (Salmo salar), sea trout (Salmo trutta) and eel (Anguilla anguilla), and more generally the longitudinal continuity for fish species, it is necessary to avoid or at least reduce damages to fish passing through turbines. The best way to reduce fish mortality would be to install fish-friendly turbines, but it is not a cost-effective solution on existing installations and in the present state of the art their use is very limited in terms of head and discharge ranges. Transforming conventional intakes into socalled …

Session E8: Can We Measure Cumulative Effects Of Hydro-Power On Migratory Fish? Development Of A Cumulative Effects Model Framework, Iain Stewart-Russon, Simon Palmer, David Fraser

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

The Environment Agency provides guidance for run-of-river hydropower schemes in England, but concerns about small effects from multiple single schemes led to a project to determine how these can be assessed and to test an approach on migratory fish populations. We developed a model to assess the impact of multiple hydropower schemes. The model forecasts catchment-scale cumulative effects using three elements: hydropower scheme, spatial fish population and fish life cycle. The scheme element includes effects that are important to migratory fish and those that can be quantified. These are: 1) impediment to up- and downstream migration; 2) alleviation of …

Session D7: Entrance Arrangement Of Fishways – Interaction Of Entrance Location, Turbine Flow And Attraction Flow, Wolfgang Kampke

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Besides passability the attraction of a fishway at the tailwater of a barrier with a hydropower plant is the most important criteria to ensure that a fishway is fully functional. The relevant national and international guidelines and regulations give recommendations regarding the position of the entrance or multiple entrances, the entrance geometry, the substrate connection and the attraction flow. Fishways currently planned at federal waterways in Germany, as well as existing structures have various types of entrance arrangements. Mainly three different types can be found that differ significantly in the entrance configuration but comply with the recommendations regarding attraction …

Session C7: Tricky Little Lampreys! Efficacy Of An Unmodified And Modified Super-Active Baffle Fish Pass For European River Lamprey (Lampetra Fluviatilis), Jeroen S. Tummers, Emily Winter, Sergio Silva, Pat O’Brien, Min-Ho Jang, Martyn C. Lucas

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

Abstract:

Achieving good upstream passage of lampreys, a threatened group of serpentine fishes, remains a problem. The ability of European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) to pass a Crump weir using a 15% gradient Larinier superactive baffle fish pass during their upstream spawning migration was tested. This type of fish pass has become widespread in Europe in the last two decades, but its efficiency for river lamprey is unknown. River lamprey were PIT tagged (n=350) PIT, a subsample were acoustic tagged (n=31), and all were released downstream in batches in Oct-Dec 2013. Telemetry arrays were installed in the pass (PIT) and …