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Articles 1 - 30 of 3053
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
An Analysis Of The Barriers To And Drivers Of Green Public Procurement In Achieving A More Sustainable Construction Industry, Myles Keaveney, Paul Butler
An Analysis Of The Barriers To And Drivers Of Green Public Procurement In Achieving A More Sustainable Construction Industry, Myles Keaveney, Paul Butler
Conference papers
The public sector in Ireland possesses enormous purchasing power which has the strength to affect production and consumption trends in all market sectors. Environmental purchasing tools such as Green Public Procurement (GPP) are seen by many as the solution to greener purchasing decisions in order to obtain and maintain not only a more sustainable construction sector but also a more sustainable economy. The purpose of this research is to determine and examine the key barriers to and drivers of implementing GPP in public procurement departments in order to reduce the effect construction works have on the environment. There was limited ...
Rapid Restoration Techniques For Software-Defined Networks, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin, Benjamin Aziz
Rapid Restoration Techniques For Software-Defined Networks, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin, Benjamin Aziz
Articles
There is increasing demand in modern day business applications for communication networks to be robust and reliable due to the complexity and critical nature of such applications. As such, data delivery is expected to be reliable and secure even in the harshest of environments. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is gaining traction as a promising approach for designing network architectures which are robust and flexible. One reason for this is that separating the data plane from the control plane, increases the controller’s ability to configure the network rapidly. When network failure events occur, the network manager may trade-off the optimality of ...
The Application Of Evolutionary Algorithms In Multi-Objective Design And Optimization Of Air Cooled Heatsinks, Younis Osama Abdelsalam, Sajad Alimohammadi, Tim Persoons
The Application Of Evolutionary Algorithms In Multi-Objective Design And Optimization Of Air Cooled Heatsinks, Younis Osama Abdelsalam, Sajad Alimohammadi, Tim Persoons
Articles
Genetic algorithms (GAs) are considered to be one of the main types of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) and are being increasingly used in various engineering design applications. To a large extent, plate-fin heatsinks are used in the thermal management of compact electronic equipment and data centers. The shape optimization of the heatsinks is not rigorously investigated during the design process of high power electronics. Any improvements in the effectiveness of the heatsinks impact the energy consumed by large-scale information communication technology (ICT) facilities including data centers and telecommunication systems and promote a more sustainable use of raw materials. This paper investigates ...
An Evaluation Of Text Representation Techniques For Fake News Detection Using: Tf-Idf, Word Embeddings, Sentence Embeddings With Linear Support Vector Machine., Sangita Sriram
Dissertations
In a world where anybody can share their views, opinions and make it sound like these are facts about the current situation of the world, Fake News poses a huge threat especially to the reputation of people with high stature and to organizations. In the political world, this could lead to opposition parties making use of this opportunity to gain popularity in their elections. In the medical world, a fake scandalous message about a medicine giving side effects, hospital treatment gone wrong or even a false message against a practicing doctor could become a big menace to everyone involved in ...
Classification Of Animal Sound Using Convolutional Neural Network, Neha Singh
Classification Of Animal Sound Using Convolutional Neural Network, Neha Singh
Dissertations
Recently, labeling of acoustic events has emerged as an active topic covering a wide range of applications. High-level semantic inference can be conducted based on main audioeffects to facilitate various content-based applications for analysis, efficient recovery and content management. This paper proposes a flexible Convolutional neural network-based framework for animal audio classification. The work takes inspiration from various deep neural network developed for multimedia classification recently. The model is driven by the ideology of identifying the animal sound in the audio file by forcing the network to pay attention to core audio effect present in the audio to generate Mel-spectrogram ...
Image Instance Segmentation: Using The Cirsy System To Identify Small Objects In Low Resolution Images, Orghomisan William Omatsone
Image Instance Segmentation: Using The Cirsy System To Identify Small Objects In Low Resolution Images, Orghomisan William Omatsone
Dissertations
The CIRSY system (or Chick Instance Recognition System) is am image processing system developed as part of this research to detect images of chicks in highly-populated images that uses the leading algorithm in instance segmentation tasks, called the Mask R-CNN. It extends on the Faster R-CNN framework used in object detection tasks, and this extension adds a branch to predict the mask of an object along with the bounding box prediction. Mask R-CNN has proven to be effective ininstance segmentation and object de-tection tasks after outperforming all existing models on evaluation of the Microsoft Common Objects in Context (MS COCO ...
A Comparative Study Of Text Summarization On E-Mail Data Using Unsupervised Learning Approaches, Tijo Thomas
A Comparative Study Of Text Summarization On E-Mail Data Using Unsupervised Learning Approaches, Tijo Thomas
Dissertations
Over the last few years, email has met with enormous popularity. People send and receive a lot of messages every day, connect with colleagues and friends, share files and information. Unfortunately, the email overload outbreak has developed into a personal trouble for users as well as a financial concerns for businesses. Accessing an ever-increasing number of lengthy emails in the present generation has become a major concern for many users. Email text summarization is a promising approach to resolve this challenge. Email messages are general domain text, unstructured and not always well developed syntactically. Such elements introduce challenges for study ...
An Examination Of The Smote And Other Smote-Based Techniques That Use Synthetic Data To Oversample The Minority Class In The Context Of Credit-Card Fraud Classification, Eduardo Parkinson De Castro
An Examination Of The Smote And Other Smote-Based Techniques That Use Synthetic Data To Oversample The Minority Class In The Context Of Credit-Card Fraud Classification, Eduardo Parkinson De Castro
Dissertations
This research project seeks to investigate some of the different sampling techniques that generate and use synthetic data to oversample the minority class as a means of handling the imbalanced distribution between non-fraudulent (majority class) and fraudulent (minority class) classes in a credit-card fraud dataset. The purpose of the research project is to assess the effectiveness of these techniques in the context of fraud detection which is a highly imbalanced and cost-sensitive dataset. Machine learning tasks that require learning from datasets that are highly unbalanced have difficulty learning since many of the traditional learning algorithms are not designed to cope ...
Brain Disease Detection From Eegs: Comparing Spiking And Recurrent Neural Networks For Non-Stationary Time Series Classification, Hristo Stoev
Dissertations
Modeling non-stationary time series data is a difficult problem area in AI, due to the fact that the statistical properties of the data change as the time series progresses. This complicates the classification of non-stationary time series, which is a method used in the detection of brain diseases from EEGs. Various techniques have been developed in the field of deep learning for tackling this problem, with recurrent neural networks (RNN) approaches utilising Long short-term memory (LSTM) architectures achieving a high degree of success. This study implements a new, spiking neural network-based approach to time series classification for the purpose of ...
Drug Reviews: Cross-Condition And Cross-Source Analysis By Review Quantification Using Regional Cnn-Lstm Models, Ajith Mathew Thoomkuzhy
Drug Reviews: Cross-Condition And Cross-Source Analysis By Review Quantification Using Regional Cnn-Lstm Models, Ajith Mathew Thoomkuzhy
Dissertations
Pharmaceutical drugs are usually rated by customers or patients (i.e. in a scale from 1 to 10). Often, they also give reviews or comments on the drug and its side effects. It is desirable to quantify the reviews to help analyze drug favorability in the market, in the absence of ratings. Since these reviews are in the form of text, we should use lexical methods for the analysis. The intent of this study was two-fold: First, to understand how better the efficiency will be if CNN-LSTM models are used to predict ratings or sentiment from reviews. These models are ...
Content-Based Filtering Recommendation Approach To Label Irish Legal Judgements, Sandesh Gangadhar
Content-Based Filtering Recommendation Approach To Label Irish Legal Judgements, Sandesh Gangadhar
Dissertations
Machine learning approaches are applied across several domains to either simplify or automate tasks which directly result in saved time or cost. Text document labelling is one such task that requires immense human knowledge about the domain and efforts to review, understand and label the documents. The company Stare Decisis summarises legal judgements and labels them as they are made available on Irish public legal source www.courts.ie. This research presents a recommendation-based approach to reduce the time for solicitors at Stare Decisis by reducing many numbers of available labels to pick from to a concentrated few that potentially ...
Customer Churn Prediction, Deepshikha Wadikar
Customer Churn Prediction, Deepshikha Wadikar
Dissertations
Churned customers identification plays an essential role for the functioning and growth of any business. Identification of churned customers can help the business to know the reasons for the churn and they can plan their market strategies accordingly to enhance the growth of a business. This research is aimed at developing a machine learning model that can precisely predict the churned customers from the total customers of a Credit Union financial institution. A quantitative and deductive research strategies are employed to build a supervised machine learning model that addresses the class imbalance problem handled feature selection and efficiently predict the ...
Machine Learning Assisted Gait Analysis For The Determination Of Handedness In Able-Bodied People, Hugh Gallagher
Machine Learning Assisted Gait Analysis For The Determination Of Handedness In Able-Bodied People, Hugh Gallagher
Dissertations
This study has investigated the potential application of machine learning for video analysis, with a view to creating a system which can determine a person’s hand laterality (handedness) from the way that they walk (their gait). To this end, the convolutional neural network model VGG16 underwent transfer learning in order to classify videos under two ‘activities’: “walking left-handed” and “walking right-handed”. This saw varying degrees of success across five transfer learning trained models: Everything – the entire dataset; FiftyFifty – the dataset with enough right-handed samples removed to produce a set with parity between activities; Female – only the female samples; Male ...
Identifying Online Sexual Predators Using Support Vector Machine, Yifan Li
Identifying Online Sexual Predators Using Support Vector Machine, Yifan Li
Dissertations
A two-stage classification model is built in the research for online sexual predator identification. The first stage identifies the suspicious conversations that have predator participants. The second stage identifies the predators in suspicious conversations. Support vector machines are used with word and character n-grams, combined with behavioural features of the authors to train the final classifier. The unbalanced dataset is downsampled to test the performance of re-balancing an unbalanced dataset. An age group classification model is also constructed to test the feasibility of extracting the age profile of the authors, which can be used as features for classifier training. The ...
Transformer Neural Networks For Automated Story Generation, Kemal Araz
Transformer Neural Networks For Automated Story Generation, Kemal Araz
Dissertations
Towards the last two-decade Artificial Intelligence (AI) proved its use on tasks such as image recognition, natural language processing, automated driving. As discussed in the Moore’s law the computational power increased rapidly over the few decades (Moore, 1965) and made it possible to use the techniques which were computationally expensive. These techniques include Deep Learning (DL) changed the field of AI and outperformed other models in a lot of fields some of which mentioned above. However, in natural language generation especially for creative tasks that needs the artificial intelligent models to have not only a precise understanding of the ...
Irish Construction Cross Border Trade And Brexit: Practitioner Perceptions On The Periphery Of Europe, Tara Brooks, Lloyd Scott, John P. Spillane, Katy Hayward
Irish Construction Cross Border Trade And Brexit: Practitioner Perceptions On The Periphery Of Europe, Tara Brooks, Lloyd Scott, John P. Spillane, Katy Hayward
Articles
The United Kingdom (UK) Brexit vote of June 2016 has created unprecedented uncertainty in the construction industry in Ireland but little research to date has been undertaken on existing construction trading patterns and the potential effects of regulatory divergence and other nontariff barriers in Ireland in this context. In response, this study uses mixed methods to fill this gap in knowledge. The experience of nine construction industry interviewees is probed – five based in Northern Ireland (in the UK) and four from Ireland, which will remain in the EU after the UK leaves. The researchers’ analysis of the qualitative data generated ...
Gender-Related Differences In Flood Risk Perception And Behaviours Among Private Groundwater Users In The Republic Of Ireland, Cillian P. Mcdowell, Luisa Andrade, Eoin O'Neill, Kevin O'Malley, Jean O'Dwyer, Paul Hynds
Gender-Related Differences In Flood Risk Perception And Behaviours Among Private Groundwater Users In The Republic Of Ireland, Cillian P. Mcdowell, Luisa Andrade, Eoin O'Neill, Kevin O'Malley, Jean O'Dwyer, Paul Hynds
Articles
Extreme weather events including flooding can have severe personal, infrastructural, and economic consequences, with recent evidence pointing to surface flooding as a pathway for the microbial contamination of private groundwater supplies. There is a pressing need for increasingly focused information and awareness campaigns to highlight the risks posed by extreme weather events and appropriate subsequent post-event actions. To date, little is known about the presence, directionality or magnitude of gender-related differences regarding flood risk awareness and behaviour among private groundwater users, a particularly susceptible sub-population due to an overarching paucity of infrastructural regulation across many regions. The current study investigated ...
Fabrication Of Dielectric Elastomers With Improved Electromechanical Properties Using Silicone Rubber And Walnut Polyphenols Modified Dielectric Particles, Liang Jiang, Yuhao Wang, Shipeng Wen, Yanfen Zhou, Qingdao University, Stephen Jerrams
Fabrication Of Dielectric Elastomers With Improved Electromechanical Properties Using Silicone Rubber And Walnut Polyphenols Modified Dielectric Particles, Liang Jiang, Yuhao Wang, Shipeng Wen, Yanfen Zhou, Qingdao University, Stephen Jerrams
Articles
In this work, polyphenolic extract from walnut green husks (denoted as walnut polyphenols), which is an abun-dant agroindustrial residue/waste, was used to modify barium titanate (BT) particles in the preparation of sili-cone rubber (SR) based dielectric elastomer (DE) composites with enhanced electromechanical performance.By employing walnut polyphenols modification, the dispersibility of BT particles in the SR matrix and the com-patibility between BT and SR were greatly improved, which resulted in enhanced mechanical performance ofthe DE composites. Dielectric property measurement showed that DE composites containing walnut polyphenolsmodified BT particles (WNBT) had higher dielectric constants and lower dielectric losses than that ...
Enhanced Fatigue And Durability Of Carbon Black/Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced With Graphene Oxide And Carbon Nanotubes, Hao Guo, Stephen Jerrams, Zongchao Xu, Yanfen Shou, Liang Jiang, Liqun Zhang, Li Liu, Shipeng Wen
Enhanced Fatigue And Durability Of Carbon Black/Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced With Graphene Oxide And Carbon Nanotubes, Hao Guo, Stephen Jerrams, Zongchao Xu, Yanfen Shou, Liang Jiang, Liqun Zhang, Li Liu, Shipeng Wen
Articles
Graphene oxide (GO) sheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of nanometer size and offer large shape factors which are beneficial in reducing crack propagation rates of composites when used in carbon black (CB) reinforced natural rubber (NR), thereby prolonging the service lives of rubber composites. In this research, CNT-CB/NR and GO-CB/NR composites were prepared by partially replacing CB with one-dimensional CNTs and two-dimensional flaky graphene oxide GO, respectively. The results showed that the complex filler dispersion in NR matrices was improved due to the isolation effect between the different fillers. The strain-induced crystallization (SIC) ability of CB/NR ...
Daylight: What Makes The Difference?, M. Knoop, O. Stefani, B. Bueno, B. Matusiak, R. Hobday, A. Wirz-Justice, K. Martiny, T. Tandermann, N. Zemmouri, S. Appelt, Brian Norton
Daylight: What Makes The Difference?, M. Knoop, O. Stefani, B. Bueno, B. Matusiak, R. Hobday, A. Wirz-Justice, K. Martiny, T. Tandermann, N. Zemmouri, S. Appelt, Brian Norton
Articles
Light is necessary for vision; it enables us to sense and perceive our surroundings and in many direct and indirect ways, via eye and skin, affects our physiological and psychological health. The use of light in built environments has comfort, behavioural, economic and environmental consequences. Daylight has many particular benefits including excellent visual performance, permitting good eyesight, effective entrainment of the circadian systemas well as a number of acute non-image forming effects and the important role of vitamin D production. Some human responses to daylight seem to be well defined whilst others require more research to be adequately understood. This ...
On The Chirp Function, The Chirplet Transform And The Optimal Communication Of Information, Jonathan Blackledge
On The Chirp Function, The Chirplet Transform And The Optimal Communication Of Information, Jonathan Blackledge
Articles
—The purpose of this extended paper is to provide a review of the chirp function and the chirplet transform and to investigate the application of chirplet modulation for digital communications, in particular, the transmission of binary strings. The significance of the chirp function in the solution to a range of fundamental problems in physics is revisited to provide a background to the case and to present the context in which the chirp function plays a central role, the material presented being designed to show a variety of problems with solutions and applications that are characterized by a chirp function in ...
Accounting For The Local Field When Determining The Dielectric Loss Spectra Of Metals In The Region Of The Frequencies Of Volume, Surface And Localized Plasmon Oscillations, Tatiana Perova, Igor Shaganove, Kevin Berwick
Accounting For The Local Field When Determining The Dielectric Loss Spectra Of Metals In The Region Of The Frequencies Of Volume, Surface And Localized Plasmon Oscillations, Tatiana Perova, Igor Shaganove, Kevin Berwick
Articles
The optical constant of bulk metal is used to determine the dispersion of the local field under one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) confinement. 3D confinement, expressed as ε mic 2 (ω3D), corresponds to the dielectric loss spectra of spherical particles with a diameter, d, much less than the wavelength of the beam used to measure the spectrum (d << λ). Excellent agreement with the results of Mie theory and experimental data for solid colloids within alkali halide crystals was observed. The function expressed as ε mic 2 (ω1D) allows the measurement of spectral micro-characteristics in the frequency range of the longitudinal collective motion of the free electrons. This corresponds to the spectrum of dielectric losses of bulk plasma oscillations. The function ε mic 2 (ω2D) describes the spectra of the dielectric losses of surface plasma oscillations in thin metal films. It is shown that the peak positions of ε mic 2 (ω3D), ε mic 2 (ω2D) and ε mic 2 (ω1D) spectra for simple metals, viz. alkali metals as well as Al, Be, Mg, Ga, In, Sn and Si, are in agreement with experimental results from electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and various optical techniques.
A Closed-Loop Renewable Energy Evaluation Framework, Tony Kealy
A Closed-Loop Renewable Energy Evaluation Framework, Tony Kealy
Articles
Many businesses that have embraced renewable energy projects as part of their corporate sustainability efforts lack direction concerning how the projects are assessed. This study presents a framework that prescribes the necessary stages that allow a robust project evaluation to take place. The framework should assist practitioners in ascertaining if renewable energy projects, such as wind turbines and hydroelectric generators, contribute to energy cost savings and a reduction in CO2 emissions. The conceptual framework was developed using empirical data accessed from an 850-kW wind turbine case study and a 40-kW hydro-electric case study and embraced the action research methodology. Both ...
Self-Similar Pcosecond Pulse Compression For Supercontinuum Generation At Mid-Infrared Wavelength In Silicon Strip Waveguides, Yujun Cheng, Jinhui Yuan, Chao Mei, Feng Li, Zhe Kang, Binbin Yan, Xian Zhou, Qiang Wu, Kuiru Wang, Xinzhu Sang, Keping Long, Chongxiu Yu, Gerald Farrell
Self-Similar Pcosecond Pulse Compression For Supercontinuum Generation At Mid-Infrared Wavelength In Silicon Strip Waveguides, Yujun Cheng, Jinhui Yuan, Chao Mei, Feng Li, Zhe Kang, Binbin Yan, Xian Zhou, Qiang Wu, Kuiru Wang, Xinzhu Sang, Keping Long, Chongxiu Yu, Gerald Farrell
Articles
Self-similar pulse compression has important application in highly coherent supercontinuum (SC) generation. In this paper, we numerically present the mid-infrared self-similar picosecond pulse compression in a tapered suspended silicon strip waveguide, which is designed with exponentially decreasing dispersion profile along the direction of propagation. When the variation of the Kerr nonlinear coefficient 𝛾(z), linear and nonlinear losses, higher-order nonlinearity, and higher-order dispersion are taken into consideration, the simulation result shows that a 1 ps input pulse centered at wavelength 2.8 μm could be self-similarly compressed to 47.06 fs in a 3.9-cm waveguide taper, along with a ...
Performance Investigation Of Peak Shrinking And Interpolating The Papr Reduction Technique For Lte-Advance And 5g Signals, Somayeh Mohammady, Ronan Farrell, David Malone, John Dooley
Performance Investigation Of Peak Shrinking And Interpolating The Papr Reduction Technique For Lte-Advance And 5g Signals, Somayeh Mohammady, Ronan Farrell, David Malone, John Dooley
Articles
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become an indispensable part of waveform generation in wideband digital communication since its first appearance in digital audio broadcasting (DAB) in Europe in 1980s, and it is indeed in use. As has been seen, the OFDM based waveforms work well with time division duplex operation in new radio (NR) systems in 5G systems, supporting delay-sensitive applications, high spectral efficiency, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) compatibility, and ever-larger bandwidth signals, which has demonstrated successful commercial implementation for 5G downlinks and uplinks up to 256-QAM modulation schemes. However, the OFDM waveforms suffer from high peak ...
Crystal-Field Engineering Of Ultrabroadband Mid-Infrared Emission In Co2+-Doped Nano-Chalcogenide Glass Composites, Xiasong Lu, Runan Zhang, Yindong Zhang, Shaoqian Zhang, Jing Ren, Lukas Strizik, Thomas Wagner, Gerald Farrell, Pengfei Wang
Crystal-Field Engineering Of Ultrabroadband Mid-Infrared Emission In Co2+-Doped Nano-Chalcogenide Glass Composites, Xiasong Lu, Runan Zhang, Yindong Zhang, Shaoqian Zhang, Jing Ren, Lukas Strizik, Thomas Wagner, Gerald Farrell, Pengfei Wang
Articles
unable and ultrabroadband mid-infrared (MIR) emissions in the range of 2.5–4.5 μm are firstly reported from Co2+-doped nano-chalcogenide (ChG) glass composites. The composites embedded with a variety of binary (ZnS, CdS, ZnSe) and ternary (ZnCdS, ZnSSe) ChG nanocrystals (NCs) can be readily obtained by a simple one-step thermal annealing method. They are highly transparent in the near- and mid-infrared wavelength region. Low-cost and commercially available Er3+-doped fiber lasers can be used as the excitation source. By crystal-field engineering of the embedded NCs through cation- or anion-substitution, the emission properties of Co2+ including its emission peak ...
Digital Image Exchange Using A No-Key(S) Protocol With Phase-Only Encryption,, Jonathan Blackledge, N. Mosola
Digital Image Exchange Using A No-Key(S) Protocol With Phase-Only Encryption,, Jonathan Blackledge, N. Mosola
Conference papers
This paper considers an algorithm for transferring a digital image over an open network using a No-key(s) Protocol or Three-Way Pass and phase-only encryption/decryption. After providing a short study on the theoretical background to the method, an algorithm is presented on a step-by-step basis. Cryptanalysis is undertaken for the three intercept and single intercept cases, when it is assumed that the encrypted data is intercepted in its entirety for each pass or for any single pass, respectively. The algorithm focuses on the exchange of a JPEG image although in principle, the approach is independent of the format of ...
A Preliminary Study Of A Graphene Fractal Sierpinski Antenna, Alberto Boretti, Lorenzo Rosa, Jonathan Blackledge, Stefania Castelletto
A Preliminary Study Of A Graphene Fractal Sierpinski Antenna, Alberto Boretti, Lorenzo Rosa, Jonathan Blackledge, Stefania Castelletto
Conference papers
We provide a preliminary study of a Graphene fractal antenna operating at THz frequencies with the opportunity to modulate the emission. There are a number of advantages of the fractal design, namely multiband/wideband ability, and, a smaller, lighter and simpler configuration for higher gain, that can benefit from the coupling with Graphene, the thinnest and strongest of materials exhibiting very high electrical conductivity and tunability. This paper proposes a conceptual background for the study and presents some preliminary results on the electromagnetic emission simulations undertaken