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Articles 1 - 30 of 346
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Reclamations – Case Studies, Madhira R. Madhav, Norihiko Miura
Reclamations – Case Studies, Madhira R. Madhav, Norihiko Miura
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Increasing demands for urban water fronts and the need for continually operational airports coupled with shortages of land spaces has led to the growth of lands reclaimed from the near and off-shore regions of the world. Case histories of reclamations of recent times in the east, especially in Japan, Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, etc. are reviewed. The paper also reports the methods of reclamation, the improvement of reclaimed ground and examples of observed settlements in typical cases.
Local Geology Of New York City And Its Effect On Seismic Ground Motions, Sissy Nikolaou
Local Geology Of New York City And Its Effect On Seismic Ground Motions, Sissy Nikolaou
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A thorough understanding of the local geologic and tectonic environment, the seismological history as well as very detailed site specific geotechnical and geophysical data are essential to the proper prediction of local site effects and seismic design in New York City (NYC). The site response in the NYC metropolitan area is affected by the widely varying geologic conditions encountered in the five boroughs. Along the spine of Manhattan Island rock extends well above sea level at the northern reaches, and falls to depths in excess of 250 m at the barrier islands at the southern extremities of NYC. Large areas …
Preliminary Observations Of Geotechnical Failures During The 21 May 2003 M 6.8 Boumerdes, Earthquake, Algeria, Said Salah-Mars, Clark Fenton, Fouad Bendimerad, Abdeldjelil Belarbi, Yumei Wang
Preliminary Observations Of Geotechnical Failures During The 21 May 2003 M 6.8 Boumerdes, Earthquake, Algeria, Said Salah-Mars, Clark Fenton, Fouad Bendimerad, Abdeldjelil Belarbi, Yumei Wang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
At 18:44 UTC (19:44 local time) on May 21, 2003, a strong, shallow earthquake of Moment Magnitude (M) 6.8 shook northern Algeria and caused damage in five provinces in the north-central section of the country. Damage was reported over an area about 100 km long and 35 km wide, centered on the city of Boumerdes. The hardest hit areas were in the coastal province of Boumerdes, mainly in the cities of Boumerdes, Zemmouri and Thenia. The earthquake appears to have been generated by an offshore south-dipping thrust fault oriented N54°E extending for about 35 km from Dellys to Corso. The …
Recent Earthquakes In Japan, Susumu Iai, Tetsuo Tobita
Recent Earthquakes In Japan, Susumu Iai, Tetsuo Tobita
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents highlights of case histories during earthquakes in Japan in 2003. One is a river embankment of the Naruse river in Northern Miyagiken, in which the earthquake with Richter magnitude 6.2 caused failure. A particular interest in this case history is the timing of the earthquake and failure; the earthquake was coincided with the oncoming risk of flooding, with the river suffering a high water level due to continuous raining for three days before the earthquake. This warns us not to disregard the low probability event of combined risks that pose high consequence. The other case history is …
Rion – Antirion Bridge Foundations: A Blend Of Design And Construction Innovation, Gregory L. Biesiadecki, Ricardo Dobry, George E. Leventis, Ralph B. Peck
Rion – Antirion Bridge Foundations: A Blend Of Design And Construction Innovation, Gregory L. Biesiadecki, Ricardo Dobry, George E. Leventis, Ralph B. Peck
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This case history discusses the design and construction of the appropriate foundation scheme for the largest cable-stayed bridge in the world. This concession project was financed through a combination of public funds, private equity and bank loans. When completed in 2004, the Rion-Antirion Bridge will connect the Peloponnese, Greece’s southernmost peninsula, with the mainland across the Gulf of Corinth. Alternative foundation concepts that were considered included traditional driven piles, deeply embedded caissons, and soil improvement. The process of how the foundation evolved from schematics to final design, what were the driving forces, how ideas were disseminated among the Design Team, …
The Use Of Stone Columns On Settlement And Liquefaction Susceptible Soils, Ivan Jackson Maduro, Carlos Rodriguez Molina, Luis Vazquez Castillo, Bruno Renoud-Lias, Gilbert J. Salvi
The Use Of Stone Columns On Settlement And Liquefaction Susceptible Soils, Ivan Jackson Maduro, Carlos Rodriguez Molina, Luis Vazquez Castillo, Bruno Renoud-Lias, Gilbert J. Salvi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The new Paradisus Coco Beach Resort in Rio Grande (PR) is located on an old swamp area, which has been filled with relatively clean to silty sands. The swampy deposits consists of organic silts, peat and loose fine to medium sand and silty sand. The project requires the placement of 1.0 to 1.5 meters of additional fill together with the construction of light structures. The need for the fill will trigger the development of settlements in the underlaying weak, and compressible stratum. Furthermore, the susceptibility of the loose sand to liquefaction during an earthquake was considered. This paper describes the …
Settlements Under Changed Structural Loadings, Vijay Khosla
Settlements Under Changed Structural Loadings, Vijay Khosla
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper deals with settlement analysis of the foundation systems which currently support the Tower City Center located in Downtown Cleveland, Ohio. The project features the complete renovation of an old retail arcade and conversion of abandoned space in the Old Union Railroad Terminal. The major foundation system consists of a number of closely spaced spread footings bearing at varying elevations. A very small section of the development is supported by deep-seated belled caisson units. These foundations were originally installed during the late 1920's to support the construction of a proposed twenty-five story U-shaped building with a lower structure in …
Foundation Treatments Using Sand Compaction Piles And Surcharge Loading Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, A Case Study, Perry A. Taylor, John A. Gerlach
Foundation Treatments Using Sand Compaction Piles And Surcharge Loading Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, A Case Study, Perry A. Taylor, John A. Gerlach
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two, 42-meter diameter, 12.2 meter high (100,000 barrel) above ground jet fuel tanks are currently under construction by the Japan Engineering District (JED), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the Defense Logistic Agency (DLA) at Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Iwakuni. This presentation is a case study of the installation of Sand Compaction Piles (SCP’s) and surcharge at MCAS Iwakuni. The geology below the tanks consists of poorly behaving liquefiable silty clays that can affect the bearing capacity of the loaded tanks. The site was formerly a marsh area filled with various debris and construction refuse and then covered with …
The Response Of Driven Single Piles Subjected To Combined Loads, D. T. P. Phillips, B. M. Lehane
The Response Of Driven Single Piles Subjected To Combined Loads, D. T. P. Phillips, B. M. Lehane
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The behaviour of piles subjected to lateral load has generally been investigated experimentally using free-headed piles with a lateral load applied close to the pile head. In practice, however, there is some degree of restraint at the head of many piles and these are often subjected to a combination of lateral and vertical loads. The case history described in this paper involved full-scale field experiments comprising instrumented precast concrete piles subjected to a range of loading conditions including combined lateral and axial loading with partial rotational restraint at the pile head. The pile instrumentation, which included electrolevels and electrical resistance …
Uplift Bearing Tests And Calculations Of Belled Piles In Loess Of Arid Regions, Liu Wenbai, Zhou Jian, Mongke Tei-Mohr
Uplift Bearing Tests And Calculations Of Belled Piles In Loess Of Arid Regions, Liu Wenbai, Zhou Jian, Mongke Tei-Mohr
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The field prototype tests have been carries out for under-reamed piles bearing uplift loading in the loess of droughty area. In these tests, uplift displacement and horizontal displacement of under-reamed piles bearing uplift loading and horizontal loading, displacement of surface layer soil, relationship of loading and displacement were measured. The ultimate uplift bearing capacity, failure mechanism of piles were studied. It is very effective on improving ultimate uplift bearing capacity of pile to raise height of belled-out section of under-reamed piles. Strength failure mechanism of pile and soil is solved by gradually failure to be due to damage softening and …
Investigation Of Structural Damage In A Corrosive Environment: A Case Study, Joanna L. Meldrum, Akshay Gupta, Brian Mcdonald
Investigation Of Structural Damage In A Corrosive Environment: A Case Study, Joanna L. Meldrum, Akshay Gupta, Brian Mcdonald
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents the methodology and results of an investigation into the causes of structural damage to a reinforced concrete block wall building in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. The structural damage was in the form of cracking and spalling of the lower courses of the block along the building perimeter. The structural damage to the building had been incorrectly attributed to the Hector Mine Earthquake by another investigator. An evaluation of the response of the building to the estimated level of ground shaking, coupled with site observations, conclusively ruled out the earthquake ground shaking as a cause for the structural …
Analysis Of The Behavior Of The Piled Foundations Of A Group Of Earthquake Damaged Buildings, Francesco Castelli, Michele Maugeri
Analysis Of The Behavior Of The Piled Foundations Of A Group Of Earthquake Damaged Buildings, Francesco Castelli, Michele Maugeri
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Sicilian earthquake of 13th December, 1990 was not very strong, but it caused considerable damages on structures, included a group of reinforced concrete buildings located in Augusta town on the east coast of Sicily (Italy). To evaluate the possibility to repair these buildings, an investigation on soil, structures and foundations was carried out. As some buildings were founded on piles, load tests on piles of the piled foundations were carried out. The site was well investigated by means of laboratory and in-situ tests including: standard penetration tests, cone penetration tests, dilatometer tests and seismic tests. To evaluate dynamic stress-strain …
Steel Pipe Pile Design, Installation, And Dynamic Testing For A New Pier In Georgetown, Sc, Edward L. Hajduk, William B. Wright, Thomas J. Casey, Robert E. Dullanty
Steel Pipe Pile Design, Installation, And Dynamic Testing For A New Pier In Georgetown, Sc, Edward L. Hajduk, William B. Wright, Thomas J. Casey, Robert E. Dullanty
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A new pier extension was constructed for the South Carolina State Ports Authority (SCSPA) at Pier 31C in Georgetown, South Carolina. This pier was founded on 28 steel open ended pipe (OEP) piles driven into the underlying limestone and silts of the Pee Dee Formation. To account for the expected high lateral loads the new pier may experience during ship impacts and movements, both vertical and batter piles were installed. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first application of steel open ended pipe piles as a maritime foundation system in the Georgetown, South Carolina area. The soil stratigraphy at …
Deep Foundation Design Near Flood Protection Projects, Scott A. Loehr
Deep Foundation Design Near Flood Protection Projects, Scott A. Loehr
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Flood protection structures (flood walls, pump plants, railroad or vehicular access opening and gatewell structures) have foundations subjected to hydrostatic pressures during flood conditions. The foundation sands below these structures are likely to produce hydrostatic pressure elevation heads which measure higher than the top of ground at the structures. Often the foundations for these structures are deep enough to penetrate the sands into the artesian pressures. Deep foundation design for the flood protection structures utilizes software programs based on load testing in many different types of soils. The load tests used to model soil-structure responses to loading are conducted on …
Comparison Of Two Ground Modification Techniques To Reduce Settlement, Kenneth R. Bell, John R. Davie
Comparison Of Two Ground Modification Techniques To Reduce Settlement, Kenneth R. Bell, John R. Davie
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
At the La Rosita Power Plant site in Mexicali, Mexico, a 3-m thick layer of loose very fine sandy silt was encountered at about 7.5 m depth. Settlement calculations performed for the heavier (150 to 200 kPa) settlement sensitive structures indicated values of up to 65 mm, compared to an allowable settlement of 50 mm. During the design of the base plant, various options for limiting settlement were reviewed. Based on a cost and schedule review, jet grouting of the loose silt layer was chosen. The predicted post-grouting foundation settlement was approximately 35 to 40 mm. During construction of the …
Deep Caisson Sinking In Soft Soils, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Gregory R. Fischer, Wayne L. Gerszewski, Frank J. Barchok, Michael K. Yavarow
Deep Caisson Sinking In Soft Soils, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Gregory R. Fischer, Wayne L. Gerszewski, Frank J. Barchok, Michael K. Yavarow
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The City of Grand Forks, North Dakota obtains drinking water from both the Red and Red Lake Rivers using a system of river intakes, shallow pipelines, and pump stations. However, during flood events, the City often loses access to the system, and persistent landslides along the riverbanks easily damage shallow components. As a result, the City decided to construct a gravity system with new pipelines leading to the base of a 65-foot deep pump station. Several construction techniques were evaluated for the pump station, including a self-sinking caisson, which was chosen for the project. Because the proposed 60-foot-diameter caisson was …
Case History Illustrating The Challenges Of Foundation Design And Construction In Karst Terrain, Frederick A. Brinker, Petro W. Kazaniwsky, Melissa Logan
Case History Illustrating The Challenges Of Foundation Design And Construction In Karst Terrain, Frederick A. Brinker, Petro W. Kazaniwsky, Melissa Logan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper discusses the challenges associated with design and construction of foundation systems for a Corporate Campus located in Chester County, Pennsylvania that is underlain by Karst terrain. A comprehensive subsurface investigation was implemented to develop adequate foundation systems and related site work precautions. Because there was evidence of sinkhole activity prior to any construction work, and the subsoils revealed some variability from a consistency/density standpoint, the selected foundation system design included a combination of soil improvement using compaction grouting for shallow foundations and deep drilled-pier foundations. After construction activities began, several occurrences of solution activity were documented and repaired. …
The Experience Of Reinforcement Of Existing Buildings During Construction In Conditions Of Compact Urban Planning, V. V. Semkim, A. Shaposhnikov
The Experience Of Reinforcement Of Existing Buildings During Construction In Conditions Of Compact Urban Planning, V. V. Semkim, A. Shaposhnikov
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two-level underground part of 12-storeyed dwelling building was constructed in the historical center of Moscow in 2000. The strengthening of foundations was carried out by pressing in of tubular and concrete piles or by placing of bore and injection piles, depending on the results of mathematical modeling. Geotechnical monitoring of the adjacent buildings was carried out in the process of strengthening and new construction. The results of monitoring confirmed the correct way of the chosen solutions: the settlements did not exceed the ultimate permissible values.
A Foundation Chart For Historical Town Restoring, Filippo Ciuffi
A Foundation Chart For Historical Town Restoring, Filippo Ciuffi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A Thematic Area called “Geotechnics and Foundation Analyses” is an important stage of a large, interdisciplinary research activity, carried out on the subsoil of a historical site, in a seismic area, in Italy: the old town of Potenza, capital of the Basilicata Region. Within the said Thematic Area, the design and the construction of a “Foundation Map of a Historical Town” have been performed. The present paper summarizes the basic methodology, the most interesting procedures and the different stages developed for constructing the said map. Described is also the very exceptional effort, made by the Research-team. Foundation and geotechnical parameters …
Foundation Reinforcement Of The Ipanema Beach Offshore Sewage Pipeline, Jayme R. C. Mello, Nelson Szilard Galgoul
Foundation Reinforcement Of The Ipanema Beach Offshore Sewage Pipeline, Jayme R. C. Mello, Nelson Szilard Galgoul
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Ipanema Beach offshore sewage pipeline was installed thirty years ago in water depths up to 31m, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It has a unique design, because steel piles were driven every 41 to 50m at joint along its length, in order to support it, keeping a constant gradient flow. These piles maintain the pipeline above mudline. After only a few years a first of these pile supports collapsed, allowing the pipeline to drop on the seabed, because of the occurrence of micro-cracks triggered by corrosion and environmental loads. Similar failures took place again before corrective measures could be …
Unique Foundation Solution For Organic Soil Site, Keith E. Robinson
Unique Foundation Solution For Organic Soil Site, Keith E. Robinson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A soft soil site, located near Vancouver, BC, presented a unique challenge for the Owner and geotechnical engineer. The relatively narrow but long site was covered by a variable thickness of silty sand and gravel fill overlying about 3 m of peat, organic silt to 12 m depth and very soft, sensitive clay to about 35 m depth. A three/two-story, 27 by 200 m, concrete tilt-up warehouse type structure was proposed for the site. The two foundation options initially considered included the full structure and slab supported on piles driven down to refusal at about 40m depth or conventional spread …
Case Study On The Foundation And Site Geotechnical Evaluation For The Rehabilitation Of An Emergency Hospital Building, Ion Vlad
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This case study is about the foundation and the site geotechnical potential evaluation for the rehabilitation of an emergency hospital building, placed in Bucharest. This building was strongly damaged by the main earthquakes that occurred in Romania, within the last 30 years (March 4th, 1977, August 30th, 1986 and May 30th, 1990). The building had, from the beginning, an unfavorable structural concept, in what concerns its shape in plane. The paper presents the methods used for the rehabilitation of the existing building foundation, together with the integration of a new foundation for a new building, that appeared necessary to be …
A Fem Seepage Analysis For Upstream Cofferdam Of Xiluodu Hydraulic Power Station, Ga Zhang, Jian-Min Zhang
A Fem Seepage Analysis For Upstream Cofferdam Of Xiluodu Hydraulic Power Station, Ga Zhang, Jian-Min Zhang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The upstream cofferdam of Xiluodu hydraulic power station project, with height of 72 meters, is designed as the main body of the project. It is characterized by its high retaining water head, short construction period and complex geological conditions. Presented in this paper is a three-dimensional FEM analysis used to investigate the seepage behavior of the upstream cofferdam for two different design schemes. In the analysis, the cracks in cut-off wall which may be caused in construction are also properly considered. Based on 3D seepage model of saturated-unsaturated flow for non-uniform soils, a fixed-mesh FEM is used in the seepage …
Monitoring And Stabilisation Of The Giants Seat Landslip, U.K., David E. Jones
Monitoring And Stabilisation Of The Giants Seat Landslip, U.K., David E. Jones
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The landslip is located in the Giant’s Seat Woods area of Kearsley, Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. The ground conditions at the site comprise made ground material over mudstones of the Manchester Marls. An area of land crossed by Red Rock Lane had, since the late 1700s, experienced land slip resulting in the ground generally moving south towards the adjacent river. By the late 1990’s the movement of the slip had resulted in fractures and fissures under the road and damage to several other services. A project was developed to stabilise the land along approximately 130m of Red Rock Lane. …
Slope Stability Aspects Of The Egnatia Odos Highway Project In Northern Greece, M. N. Skempas, A. W. Livadas
Slope Stability Aspects Of The Egnatia Odos Highway Project In Northern Greece, M. N. Skempas, A. W. Livadas
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The section near the village of Koumaria of the Egnatia Odos highway included a 300 m long cut and cover structure near the foot of a slope being undercut by a river. The combination of the temporary steep cut slopes and the unfavourable weather conditions with low field shear strengths led to successive slope failures in that area and resulted in a heavily affected profile. As a result the cut and cover structure was abandoned in favour of an open cut and various remedial measures were applied for the rehabilitation of the affected area. In the case of another 140 …
A Dangerous Place To Dig Excavation At The Toe Of Saluda Dam, Elena Sossenkina, Scott Newhouse, Matt Glunt
A Dangerous Place To Dig Excavation At The Toe Of Saluda Dam, Elena Sossenkina, Scott Newhouse, Matt Glunt
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Remedial work on the Saluda Dam will entail excavation at the toe to depths of over 50 ft. Excavation at the toe of a large high hazard dam is an unusual event. Although statically stable the Dam doesn’t meet modern standards for dynamic stability. Based on the assessment of liquefaction potential, the dam requires remediation. The downstream hazard entails consequences of failure of potential loss of life. Due to such consequence, the Regulator called for renovation of Saluda Dam. Engineers evaluated several remedial alternatives. The chosen alternative entails excavation at the toe for construction of new RCC and Rockfill Berms. …
Investigation And Control Of Narayanbagar Landslide, District Chamoli, Uttaranchal, India – A Case Study, Pankaj Gupta, Deepak Mukherjee, P. K. Sikdar, Kishor Kumar
Investigation And Control Of Narayanbagar Landslide, District Chamoli, Uttaranchal, India – A Case Study, Pankaj Gupta, Deepak Mukherjee, P. K. Sikdar, Kishor Kumar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Incidences of landslide hazards are quite common in the hilly terrain of Himalayas. These landslides not only damage the hill slopes causing enormous loss of slope forming materials but also become responsible for creating frequent disturbances to the moving traffics on hill roads and consequent adverse socio-economic impacts to the communities. As road communication system is the only lifeline for the people residing in the hilly terrain of Himalayas, detailed scientific study of landslide-affected area is , therefore, very much essential to overcome all sorts of geo-environmental and socio-economic problems created by the landslide. Numbers of landslides have already occurred …
Contact Analysis Of Separation Between Concrete Slab And Cushion Layer In Tianshengqiao Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dam, Bingyin Zhang, Ruifeng Shi, Zongliang Zhang
Contact Analysis Of Separation Between Concrete Slab And Cushion Layer In Tianshengqiao Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dam, Bingyin Zhang, Ruifeng Shi, Zongliang Zhang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Tianshengqiao concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD), with a maximum height of 178m, is the highest dam of the same kind in China and the second highest in the world. During the construction of the dam, some problems special for high CFRDs occurred, such as deficient of cushion layer and separation of concrete slab from cushion layer. In this paper, a finite element analysis is made to understand the deformation of the cushion layer and the separation between the slab and the cushion. Direct constraints method and Coulomb friction law are used to simulate the contact behavior between the deformable concrete slab …
Performance Of A Highway Embankment Constructed Over Landfill Material, Paul J. Lewis, Jack Mansfield, Syed Ashraf, Kessi Zicko
Performance Of A Highway Embankment Constructed Over Landfill Material, Paul J. Lewis, Jack Mansfield, Syed Ashraf, Kessi Zicko
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents settlement data over a period of 12 years for two portions of a highway embankment constructed over landfill material. Construction was completed in 1989 and included dynamic compaction to limit post construction settlement. A preload / surcharge was used over a separate portion of one of the highway embankments as an alternative foundation improvement technique for the purpose of comparison and evaluation of the effectiveness of the two methods. Elevation measurements taken over a period of 12 years are presented for comparison of post construction settlement of both dynamically compacted and surcharged sections of the highway embankments.
Grouting Technology For Rehabilitation Of Tillar Earthen Dam, Mahavir Bidasaria
Grouting Technology For Rehabilitation Of Tillar Earthen Dam, Mahavir Bidasaria
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Over the last few decades grouting technology has grown into one of the disciplines in geotechnical engineering comprising mainly of foundation treatment of dams and other structures by strengthening or by making them impermeable and has become one of the main tool to rehabilitate the dams structurally. The present case study deals with structural rehabilitation of Tillar earthen dam which was constructed in 1987 but distress signals had started from the first impounding. Highly permeable strata having permeability to the tune of 0.36 x 10-1 cm/sec was existing between the bottom of Cut off Trench (COT) and foundation rock. From …