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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

How Can Personalised Feedback In Assignments Help Address Gender Balance In Computing Education?, Alina Berry Jan 2024

How Can Personalised Feedback In Assignments Help Address Gender Balance In Computing Education?, Alina Berry

Academic Posters Collection

Personalised feedback is frequently used in computing assessments in higher education. Research has shown that personalised feedback positively influences persistence in computer science. Computing and related disciplines are known to show relatively low retention rates. This includes female students, who are strongly underrepresented in computing disciplines, so they can be considered as a particularly important group for retention-driven initiatives. Female science students are more likely to act upon feedback, and personalised feedback has increased intentions to persist among female top performing students in computing. Hence, providing personalised feedback can be considered as a promising gender initiative that has a potential …

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Few-Shot Learning For Ner Using Maml, Nourchene Bargaoui Jan 2024

Few-Shot Learning For Ner Using Maml, Nourchene Bargaoui

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the application of Few-Shot Learning (FSL) using Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) to enhance Named Entity Recognition (NER) within the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP), specifically focusing on chemical datasets. The primary challenge addressed is the impracticality of relying on extensive annotated datasets, especially in specialized fields like chemistry. The research primarily explores the concept of Few-Shot Learning, aiming to train models on minimal data while maintaining performance across diverse tasks. It delves into the N-way K-shot methodology, where "N" represents the number of classes and "K" signifies the number of examples per class. This approach is further …

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How Can A Cloud Computing It Framework Be Created And Applied Effectively In The Online Printing Industry?, Stefan Meissner Jan 2024

How Can A Cloud Computing It Framework Be Created And Applied Effectively In The Online Printing Industry?, Stefan Meissner

Dissertations

This research aims to design a cloud computing IT framework for the online printing industry based on a detailed literature review, the development of proof of concepts (PoC), and the conduction of a focus group. The framework can be adopted by the online printing industry or by vendors of print-specific applications to optimize their products for the online printing industry. The author has been working in the online printing process optimization and automation since 2007. During this time, he got deep insight into many industry-specific applications, their architectural design, and their challenges being used in the context of online printing. …

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Dp-Smote: Integrating Differential Privacy And Oversampling Technique To Preserve Privacy In Smart Homes, Amr Tarek Elsayed, Almohammady Sobhi Alsharkawy, Mohamed Sayed Farag, Shaban Ebrahim Abu Yusuf Jan 2024

Dp-Smote: Integrating Differential Privacy And Oversampling Technique To Preserve Privacy In Smart Homes, Amr Tarek Elsayed, Almohammady Sobhi Alsharkawy, Mohamed Sayed Farag, Shaban Ebrahim Abu Yusuf

Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science

Smart homes represent intelligent environments where interconnected devices gather information, enhancing users’ living experiences by ensuring comfort, safety, and efficient energy management. To enhance the quality of life, companies in the smart device industry collect user data, including activities, preferences, and power consumption. However, sharing such data necessitates privacy-preserving practices. This paper introduces a robust method for secure sharing of data to service providers, grounded in differential privacy (DP). This empowers smart home residents to contribute usage statistics while safeguarding their privacy. The approach incorporates the Synthetic Minority Oversampling technique (SMOTe) and seamlessly integrates Gaussian noise to generate synthetic data, …

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Using Ontological Methods To Compare Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification 2.0 And Cobit 19, Aaron Marshall Ramey Jan 2024

Using Ontological Methods To Compare Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification 2.0 And Cobit 19, Aaron Marshall Ramey

CCE Theses and Dissertations

Cybersecurity frameworks developed by a variety of organizations and implemented by a much larger collection of organizations differ in their focus and application. Whether designed by a private or government organization, the primary goal is to provide a framework to assess and reduce risk. The Department of Defense (DoD) has recently implemented the second version of the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC 2.0). In some situations, compliance with CMMC 2.0 has already become mandatory for the Defense Industrial Base (DIB). Compliance will soon be required for all Large Businesses (LB) and Small Businesses (SB) within the DIB. While COBIT 19 …

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Reinventing Integrated Photonic Devices And Circuits For High Performance Communication And Computing Applications, Venkata Sai Praneeth Karempudi Jan 2024

Reinventing Integrated Photonic Devices And Circuits For High Performance Communication And Computing Applications, Venkata Sai Praneeth Karempudi

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The long-standing technological pillars for computing systems evolution, namely Moore's law and Von Neumann architecture, are breaking down under the pressure of meeting the capacity and energy efficiency demands of computing and communication architectures that are designed to process modern data-centric applications related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, and Internet-of-Things (IoT). In response, both industry and academia have turned to 'more-than-Moore' technologies for realizing hardware architectures for communication and computing. Fortunately, Silicon Photonics (SiPh) has emerged as one highly promising ‘more-than-Moore’ technology. Recent progress has enabled SiPh-based interconnects to outperform traditional electrical interconnects, offering advantages like high bandwidth density, …

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Dynamic Modeling And Control Of A Solid State Semiconductor-Based Transformer, Microgrid And Storage Systems, Rubén Darío Viñán-Velasco Jan 2024

Dynamic Modeling And Control Of A Solid State Semiconductor-Based Transformer, Microgrid And Storage Systems, Rubén Darío Viñán-Velasco

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Smart Grids are power grid models designed with the idea of including the growing new technologies, from generation to storage devices, and are a response to the growing demands from consumers and the presence of electronic components being commonplace in the modern devices. The design requires a dynamic alternative in order to build an independent grid that can also work in cooperation with other micro-grids and the power grid in an integrated way. Smart-grids present several advantages over the traditional power grid scheme, but the economic costs of the components required to implement smart-grids is currently a great limitation. This …

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Leveraging Large Language Models For Enhancing Well-Being In The Digital Age, Xiaobo Guo Jan 2024

Leveraging Large Language Models For Enhancing Well-Being In The Digital Age, Xiaobo Guo

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

The 21st century has seen dramatic shifts in human interactions with information, peers, and the environment, primarily driven by the proliferation of online platforms and social media. These advancements offer more access to information and global connectivity, but also present challenges such as information overload, misinformation, online harms, and biased reporting that can negatively impact user well-being. This thesis examines the role of Large Language Models (LLMs) — advanced forms of artificial intelligence that understand and generate human-like text — in enhancing well-being in the digital age. The study begins by exploring the potential of LLMs to detect early signs …

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Efficient Connectivity Management And Path Planning For Iot And Uav Networks, Amirahmad Chapnevis Jan 2024

Efficient Connectivity Management And Path Planning For Iot And Uav Networks, Amirahmad Chapnevis

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores how to better manage resources in mobile networks, especially for enhancing the performance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-supported IoT networks. We explored ways to set up a flexible communication architecture that can handle large IoT deployments by making good use of mobile core network resources like bearers and data paths. We developed strategies that meet the needs of IoT networks and enhance network performance. We also developed and tested a system that combines traffic from several mobile devices that use the same user identity and network resources within the core mobile network. We used everyday smartphones, SIM …

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Applications Of Predictive And Generative Ai Algorithms: Regression Modeling, Customized Large Language Models, And Text-To-Image Generative Diffusion Models, Suhaima Jamal Jan 2024

Applications Of Predictive And Generative Ai Algorithms: Regression Modeling, Customized Large Language Models, And Text-To-Image Generative Diffusion Models, Suhaima Jamal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The integration of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms has radically changed predictive modeling and classification tasks, enhancing a multitude of domains with unprecedented analytical capabilities. Predictive modeling leverages ML and AI to forecast future trends or behaviors based on historical data, while classification tasks categorize data into distinct classes, from email filtering to medical diagnosis. Concurrently, text-to-image generation has emerged as a transformative potential, allowing visual content creation directly from textual descriptions. These advancements are pivotal in design, art, entertainment, and visual communication, as well as enhancing creativity and productivity. This work explores three significant studies in …

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Bringing "Virtual" To "Reality": Enhancing Security And Usability On Vr System And Applications, Huadi Zhu Jan 2024

Bringing "Virtual" To "Reality": Enhancing Security And Usability On Vr System And Applications, Huadi Zhu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations

With the rapid advancements in computer science, electronics, optics, and related fields, virtual reality (VR) gradually penetrates into our daily lives, and is predicted to become a core technology in the near future. Despite its potentials, however, existing designs and solutions for VR applications remain at the infant stage, introducing limited usability and efficiency for real-world users. Besides, the increasing prevalence of VR presents new security and privacy threats due to the vast amount of information stored in or accessible through VR devices. To bridge this gap, we exploit and combine techniques from computer science and human biology, as well …

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Exploring End-User Environments For The Control And Programming Of Collaborative Robots, Luiz Felipe Fronchetti Dias Jan 2024

Exploring End-User Environments For The Control And Programming Of Collaborative Robots, Luiz Felipe Fronchetti Dias

Theses and Dissertations

To collaborate with the ongoing development of robotics, this thesis highlights three research contributions to collaborative robot programming. The first study evaluates block-based programming as an alternative for two-armed robots. A commercial solution is put in contrast with a block-based programming language. Both programming solutions are evaluated by 52 participants in an experiment involving a pick-and-place task. This study brings insights into human-robot collaboration, including robot positioning and interaction challenges. The second study discusses using mixed-reality devices as a potential workaround to the manual positioning of industrial and collaborative robots. Five different control interfaces implemented in mixed reality were used …

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Privacy And Security Of The Windows Registry, Edward L. Amoruso Jan 2024

Privacy And Security Of The Windows Registry, Edward L. Amoruso

Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024

The Windows registry serves as a valuable resource for both digital forensics experts and security researchers. This information is invaluable for reconstructing a user's activity timeline, aiding forensic investigations, and revealing other sensitive information. Furthermore, this data abundance in the Windows registry can be effortlessly tapped into and compiled to form a comprehensive digital profile of the user. Within this dissertation, we've developed specialized applications to streamline the retrieval and presentation of user activities, culminating in the creation of their digital profile. The first application, named "SeeShells," using the Windows registry shellbags, offers investigators an accessible tool for scrutinizing and …

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A New Cache Replacement Policy In Named Data Network Based On Fib Table Information, Mehran Hosseinzadeh, Neda Moghim, Samira Taheri, Nasrin Gholami Jan 2024

A New Cache Replacement Policy In Named Data Network Based On Fib Table Information, Mehran Hosseinzadeh, Neda Moghim, Samira Taheri, Nasrin Gholami

VMASC Publications

Named Data Network (NDN) is proposed for the Internet as an information-centric architecture. Content storing in the router’s cache plays a significant role in NDN. When a router’s cache becomes full, a cache replacement policy determines which content should be discarded for the new content storage. This paper proposes a new cache replacement policy called Discard of Fast Retrievable Content (DFRC). In DFRC, the retrieval time of the content is evaluated using the FIB table information, and the content with less retrieval time receives more discard priority. An impact weight is also used to involve both the grade of retrieval …

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Anonymous Attribute-Based Broadcast Encryption With Hidden Multiple Access Structures, Tran Viet Xuan Phuong Jan 2024

Anonymous Attribute-Based Broadcast Encryption With Hidden Multiple Access Structures, Tran Viet Xuan Phuong

School of Cybersecurity Faculty Publications

Due to the high demands of data communication, the broadcasting system streams the data daily. This service not only sends out the message to the correct participant but also respects the security of the identity user. In addition, when delivered, all the information must be protected for the party who employs the broadcasting service. Currently, Attribute-Based Broadcast Encryption (ABBE) is useful to apply for the broadcasting service. (ABBE) is a combination of Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) and Broadcast Encryption (BE), which allows a broadcaster (or encrypter) to broadcast an encrypted message, including a predefined user set and specified access policy to …

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Magnetometer-Less State-Estimation Of A Mobile Robot Using Cascaded Kalman Filters, Tommy Le Jan 2024

Magnetometer-Less State-Estimation Of A Mobile Robot Using Cascaded Kalman Filters, Tommy Le

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Localization, or state-estimation algorithms, are one of the most important aspects inthe development of autonomous mobile robots. Typical localization requires an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) along with an external reference, such as GPS (Global Positioning System) for outdoor applications. In indoor applications, the GPS data is not accessible so many mobile robot implementations turn to magnetometers to provide additional pose information. However, in the context of miniaturizing robotic systems, magnetometers are not always reliable due to their proximity to motors and other electronics, causing magnetic distortion and in turn, incorrect pose information. To address this issue, this thesis proposes a …

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Machine Learning For Electronic Structure Prediction, Shashank Pathrudkar Jan 2024

Machine Learning For Electronic Structure Prediction, Shashank Pathrudkar

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Kohn-Sham density functional theory is the work horse of computational material science research. The core of Kohn-Sham density functional theory, the Kohn-Sham equations, output charge density, energy levels and wavefunctions. In principle, the electron density can be used to obtain several other properties of interest including total potential energy of the system, atomic forces, binding energies and electric constants. In this work we present machine learning models designed to bypass the Kohn-Sham equations by directly predicting electron density. Two distinct models were developed: one tailored to predict electron density for quasi one-dimensional materials under strain, while the other is applicable …

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Exploring Machine Learning Techniques For Embedded Hardware, Neel R. Vora Jan 2024

Exploring Machine Learning Techniques For Embedded Hardware, Neel R. Vora

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

This thesis delves into the intricate symbiosis between machine learning (ML) methodologies and embedded hardware systems, with a primary focus on augmenting efficiency and real-time processing capabilities across diverse application domains. It confronts the formidable challenge of deploying sophisticated ML algorithms on resource-constrained embedded hardware, aiming not only to optimize performance but also to minimize energy consumption. Innovative strategies are explored to tailor ML models for streamlined execution on embedded platforms, with validation conducted across various real-world application domains. Notable contributions include the development of a deep-learning framework leveraging a variational autoencoder (VAE) for compressing physiological signals from wearables while …

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Stock Price Trend Prediction Using Emotion Analysis Of Financial Headlines With Distilled Llm Model, Rithesh H. Bhat Jan 2024

Stock Price Trend Prediction Using Emotion Analysis Of Financial Headlines With Distilled Llm Model, Rithesh H. Bhat

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

Capturing the volatility of stock prices helps individual traders, stock analysts, and institutions alike increase their returns in the stock market. Financial news headlines have been shown to have a significant effect on stock price mobility. Lately, many financial portals have restricted web scraping of stock prices and other related financial data of companies from their websites. In this study we demonstrate that emotion analysis of financial news headlines alone can be sufficient in predicting stock price movement, even in the absence of any financial data. We propose an approach that eliminates the need for web scraping of financial data. …

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Development Of A Collaborative Research Platform For Efficient Data Management And Visualization Of Qubit Control, Devanshu Brahmbhatt Jan 2024

Development Of A Collaborative Research Platform For Efficient Data Management And Visualization Of Qubit Control, Devanshu Brahmbhatt

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

This thesis introduces QubiCSV, a pioneering open-source platform for quantum computing field. With an emphasis on collaborative research, QubiCSV addresses the critical need for specialized data management and visualization tools in qubit control. The platform is crafted to overcome the challenges posed by the high costs and complexities associated with quantum experimental setups. It emphasizes efficient utilization of resources through shared ideas, data, and implementation strategies. One of the primary obstacles in quantum computing research has been the ineffective management of extensive calibration data and the inability to visualize complex quantum experiment outcomes effectively. QubiCSV fills this gap by offering …

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Adaptive Load-Aware Elastic Data Reduction And Re-Computation For Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Mengxiao Wang Jan 2024

Adaptive Load-Aware Elastic Data Reduction And Re-Computation For Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Mengxiao Wang

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

The increasing performance gap between computation and I/O creates huge data management challenges for simulation-based scientific discovery. Data reduction, among others, is deemed to be a promising technique to bridge the gap through reducing the amount of data migrated to persistent storage. However, the reduction performance is still far from what is being demanded from production applications. To this end, we propose a new methodology that aggressively reduces data despite the substantial loss of information, and re-computes the original accuracy on-demand. As a result, our scheme creates an illusion of a fast and large storage medium with the availability of …

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Investigation And Implementation Of Miniaturized Microwave System For Linear Array Antenna Loaded With Omega Structures Planar Array, Ahmed F. Miligy, Fatma Taher, Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree, Sara Yehia Abdel Fatah, Thamer Alghamdi, Moath Alathbah Jan 2024

Investigation And Implementation Of Miniaturized Microwave System For Linear Array Antenna Loaded With Omega Structures Planar Array, Ahmed F. Miligy, Fatma Taher, Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree, Sara Yehia Abdel Fatah, Thamer Alghamdi, Moath Alathbah

All Works

This paper investigates and implements a miniaturized microwave system for microstrip linear array antenna that operates in X-band (10.1 GHz), S-band (3.4 GHz) and C-band (5.6 GHz). The microwave system consists of three parts: a power divider, a directional coupler, and a matching network stub. These systems feed a linear array (16 elements) of patch antennas loaded with resonance planar omega structures array (160 elements) distributed in both patch (64 elements) and ground (96 elements) as the metamaterial structures for miniaturization purpose. The 1-to-2 divider feeds two directional couplers that act as phase shifters. The couplers fed a set of …

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Information Access For Infrastructurally-Challenged Environments And Beyond Through Mutually Aware Spectrum Sharing Technologies, Karyn Doke Jan 2024

Information Access For Infrastructurally-Challenged Environments And Beyond Through Mutually Aware Spectrum Sharing Technologies, Karyn Doke

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

The Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum is scarce and to make it available for new mobile wireless services, regulators are forced to re-allocate spectrum from existing services or develop mechanisms to share spectrum with new entries. Television White Space (TVWS) and Citizen Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) are two examples of recently commercialized spectrum sharing technologies. TVWS enables sharing among fixed wireless broadband technologies (secondary users) and terrestrial TV broadcast services (primary users). CBRS enables spectrum sharing among 5G/LTE (secondary users) and naval radar (primary users). With both technologies, a central database determines when it is safe for secondary users to operate …

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A Framework-Based Cross-Institutional Cpd For Academic Staff In Gen-Ai Literacy, Critical Inquiry And Authentic Assessment, Roisin Donnelly, Ita Kennelly Jan 2024

A Framework-Based Cross-Institutional Cpd For Academic Staff In Gen-Ai Literacy, Critical Inquiry And Authentic Assessment, Roisin Donnelly, Ita Kennelly

Books/Book Chapters

Generative-Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) has emerged as a transformative force profoundly influencing, if not revolutionizing the way we now teach and how students learn in higher education (HE). Despite the initial flurry of early research studies following the raising of public awareness of Gen-AI (and in particular ChatGPT), enduring pragmatic questions remain for academic staff on how best to protect and promote student learning, how to meaningfully support assessment integrity from a curriculum perspective, and additionally how to effectively use Gen-AI technologies to aid learning and foster deeper critical thinking.

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Exploring The Diffusion Potential Of A Collaborative Mobile Platform For Disaster Management And Relief, Joao De Mendonca Salim Jan 2024

Exploring The Diffusion Potential Of A Collaborative Mobile Platform For Disaster Management And Relief, Joao De Mendonca Salim

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This thesis describes the creation of a collaborative digital platform for disaster management and relief, focusing on the case study of the city of Petrópolis natural disaster in February 2022. The frequency and intensity of natural disasters are rising, necessitating efficient and timely disaster response efforts. This thesis details the development of a software application that fosters collaboration among governmental agencies, emergency services, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and civil society to enhance logistical planning and situational awareness during disasters. The proposed platform harnesses the power of social networking and leverages the ubiquitous presence of smartphones equipped with cameras, GPS, and sensors …

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Exploring Alternative Approaches To Language Modeling For Learning From Data And Knowledge, Yuxin Zi, Kaushik Roy, Vignesh Narayanan, Amit Sheth Jan 2024

Exploring Alternative Approaches To Language Modeling For Learning From Data And Knowledge, Yuxin Zi, Kaushik Roy, Vignesh Narayanan, Amit Sheth

Publications

Despite their wide applications to language understanding tasks, large language models (LLMs) still face challenges such as hallucinations - the occasional fabrication of information, and alignment issues - the lack of associations with human-curated world models (e.g., intuitive physics or common-sense knowledge). Additionally, the black-box nature of LLMs makes it highly challenging to train them meaningfully in order to achieve a desired behavior. Specifically, the attempt to adjust LLMs’ concept embedding spaces can be highly intractable, which involves analyzing the implicit impact on LLMs’ numerous parameters and the resulting inductive biases. This paper proposes a novel architecture that wraps powerful …

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Classification Of Sow Postures Using Convolutional Neural Network And Depth Images, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Gary A. Rohrer, Sudhendu R. Sharma, Yeyin Shi Jan 2024

Classification Of Sow Postures Using Convolutional Neural Network And Depth Images, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Gary A. Rohrer, Sudhendu R. Sharma, Yeyin Shi

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

The United States swine industry reports an average preweaning mortality of approximately 16% where approximately 6% of them are attributed to piglets overlayed by sows. Detecting postural transitions and estimating sows’ time budgets for different postures are valuable information for breeders and engineering design of farrowing facilities to eventually reduce piglet death. Computer vision tools can help monitor changes in animal posture accurately and efficiently. To create a more robust system and eliminate varying lighting issues within a day including daytime/ nighttime differences, there is an advantage to using depth cameras over digital cameras. In this study, a computer vision …

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The Graduation Walk: Pareto Optimization Of Degree Paths, Arianna Gail Sy Chaves Jan 2024

The Graduation Walk: Pareto Optimization Of Degree Paths, Arianna Gail Sy Chaves

Masters Theses

"A student’s academic history, course availability at their institution, and the overall degree of difficulty of the schedule for each semester are all critical factors in their academic success and experience. This thesis proposes an advanced recommendation algorithm that considers these real and conflicting factors that are involved in identifying a prudent degree path - a semester-by-semester course schedule to graduation - for each student. The original contribution of this work is the use of weighted-sum multi-objective constraint programming to minimize an increased number of optimization criteria and identify Pareto-optimal degree paths to be recommended to the student. The conflicting …

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The Impact Of Social Media On Charitable Giving For Nonprofit Organization, Namchul Shin Jan 2024

The Impact Of Social Media On Charitable Giving For Nonprofit Organization, Namchul Shin

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Research has extensively studied nonprofit organizations’ use of social media for communications and interactions with supporters. However, there has been limited research examining the impact of social media on charitable giving. This research attempts to address the gap by empirically examining the relationship between the use of social media and charitable giving for nonprofit organizations. We employ a data set of the Nonprofit Times’ top 100 nonprofits ranked by total revenue for the empirical analysis. As measures for social media traction, i.e., how extensively nonprofits draw supporters on their social media sites, we use Facebook Likes, Twitter Followers, and Instagram …

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How Does Digitalisation Transform Business Models In Ropax Ports? A Multi-Site Study Of Port Authorities, Yiran Chen, Anastasia Tsvetkova, Kristel Edelman, Irina Wahlström, Marikka Heikkila, Magnus Hellström Jan 2024

How Does Digitalisation Transform Business Models In Ropax Ports? A Multi-Site Study Of Port Authorities, Yiran Chen, Anastasia Tsvetkova, Kristel Edelman, Irina Wahlström, Marikka Heikkila, Magnus Hellström

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This article investigates the relationship between digitalisation and business model changes in RoPax ports. The study is based on six RoPax ports in Northern Europe, examining their digitalisation efforts and the resulting changes in their business models, leading to further digital transformation. The paper offers insights by reviewing relevant literature on digitalisation’s role in business model innovation and its application in ports. The findings reveal that digitalisation supports relevant business model changes concerning port operation integration within logistics chains, communication, documentation flow, and cargo flow optimisation. However, exploring digitalisation’s potential for diversifying value propositions is still limited. Most digitalisation efforts …

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