Education Commons^™

Ssr— Silent Sustained Reading Activity, Maureen Miller, Hope Bragg, Christy Keefer

Integrated Math & Social Studies Lessons

The SSR lesson outlines a strategy to incorporate literacy development in a Science or Social Studies classroom. There are short answer questions based on readings from the Hidden Figures Young Readers’ Edition, as well as open-ended journal questions. Questions are available for each chapter, so students can complete them at their own pace.

Civil Rights Activities, Maureen Miller, Hope Bragg, Christy Keefer

Integrated Math & Social Studies Lessons

The activities in this lesson support the students to investigate the development of Civil Rights initiatives leading to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The lesson includes readings on Jim Crow laws, Brown vs Board of Education, Montgomery bus boycott, and the sit-in movements, .

The Transition From Naca To Nasa, Courtney Samans

Cold War & Space Race

The artifact that I have created to be a resource for teachers is a PowerPoint presentation on the transition from The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), to The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Animals In Space!, Courtney Wright

Cold War & Space Race

This is an extremely flexible project about the role of animals in space that you should adapt to fit your classroom’s needs. When I designed this lesson plan, I kept in mind different socioeconomic levels, and access to technology (or rather, lack thereof). I have attached my personal “daily” schedule for your use and guidance, but this project can be adaptable to any classroom without any set time restrictions. The point of this project is to allow students to learn how to research and present information. Additionally, it corresponds with the Hidden Figures nonfiction book because it requires students to …

The Transition From Naca To Nasa - Slides, Courtney Samans

Cold War & Space Race

The artifact that I have created to be a resource for teachers is a PowerPoint presentation on the transition from The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), to The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Law-Based Arguments And Messages To Advocate For Later School Start Time Policies In The United States, Clark J. Lee, Dennis M. Nolan, Steven W. Lockley, Brent Pattison

Homeland Security Publications

The increasing scientific evidence that early school start times are harmful to the health and safety of teenagers has generated much recent debate about changing school start times policies for adolescent students. Although efforts to promote and implement such changes have proliferated in the United States in recent years, they have rarely been supported by law-based arguments and messages that leverage the existing legal infrastructure regulating public education and child welfare in the United States. Furthermore, the legal bases to support or resist such changes have not been explored in detail to date. This article provides an overview of how …

Western Washington University Sustainability Action Plan 2015 - 2035, Western Washington University

Western Sustainability

Western’s Sustainability Action Plan is the University’s road map for protecting local and global ecology, upholding social equity, creating economic vitality, and maintaining human health.

Female Masculinity At Work: Managing Stigma On The Job, Raine Dozier

Woodring Scholarship on Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

In this study, the author interviewed 49 self-identified masculine women in the United States to examine how they negotiate stigma in the workplace. Masculine women often negotiate dual stigmas due to both their gender nonconformity and perceived sexual orientation. Participants used a variety of strategies to cope with their stigmatized identity including modifying clothing; incorporating feminine behaviors to counteract masculine appearance; working in high-demand, undesirable jobs; working in male-dominated settings; and opting out of formal work organizations. While some participants experienced mistreatment in male-dominated settings, many reported positive outcomes including strong relationships with male coworkers, opportunities for advancement, and a …

Domestic Violence And Girlhood: The Making And Breaking Of A Disordered Subjectivity, Tracey Pyscher

Woodring Scholarship on Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

This article examines the resistive actions and discourses that shape and reshape the hegemonic and resistant interplay between female youth with histories of domestic violence (HDVs) and educators. Taken out of a larger critical ethnographic study, discussion demonstrates how one urban middle school girl with an HDV is positioned as an object of “emotional and behavioral disorder” and how she responded to violating pedagogies through performances of cultural resistance built out of her social experience of domestic violence. The article draws upon theoretical and methodological insights, including Butler’s notion of performativity, Scott’s theory of resistance, Hill-Collins’s standpoint theory, as well …

Que Luchen Por Sus Intereses (To Fight For Your Interests): Unearthing Critical Counter-Narratives Of Spanish-Speaking Immigrant Parents, Kevin Roxas, Maria L. Gabriel

Woodring Scholarship on Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

This article reports on findings from a year-long research project conducted during the 2012–2013 school year in a PK–12 school district, located in the Mountain West region of the United States, utilizing the Photovoice method. The findings in the project point to the important critical counter-narratives Spanish-speaking immigrant parents present to the larger school community when given the opportunity to have their voices and perspectives heard and recorded in written form. The article provides teachers, counselors, administrators, and support staff in schools and school districts with insight into the hopes and aspirations of Spanish-speaking immigrant parents and highlights educational practices …

Use Of Legally Compliant Ieps For Inclusive Programming, Keith J. Hyatt, Aaron B. Perzigian

Woodring Scholarship on Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

The purpose of this article is to review major components of an Individualized Education Program (IEP) from the perspective that the IEP process serves to facilitate inclusive opportunities for students with disabilities. The IEP is a legally binding contractual agreement between a school district and a family, thus it is imperative for the process to be procedurally compliant and completed in a substantively meaningful manner consistent with the six key foundational principles of special education law (Turnbull, Stowe, & Huerta, 2007). An IEP is one of the foundational principles of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004, …

Characteristics Of Students In Traditional Versus Alternative High Schools: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Enrollment In One Urban District, Aaron B. Perzigian, Kemal Afacan, Whitney Justin, Kimber L. Wilkerson

Woodring Scholarship on Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

Urban school districts are comprised of many diverse high school environments including comprehensive neighborhood schools as well as a variety of smaller alternative models that focus on innovative practices, behavior remediation, or academic recovery. In terms of enrollment distribution, urban school districts are increasingly offering nontraditional school placement options for students presenting academic and behavioral difficulty or for students seeking specific curricular emphasis or pedagogy, including—but not limited to—use of school choice voucher programs. In this study, we examined student distribution across school types in one large urban district to investigate enrollment patterns with regard to gender, race, socioeconomic status, …

Travel And Insight On The Limen: A Content Analysis Of Adventure Travel Narratives, Jasmine M. Goodnow, Samit Bordoloi

Health and Human Development

Travel narratives, both historical and modern, depict a hero’s quest for insight and self-discovery where the outward journey is a literal and metaphorical search for one’s authentic self, spirituality, and life’s meaning. This article reports the results of a study that examined the association between travel’s liminal experience and insight. Using content analysis of 50 published adventure travel narratives, a significant association between insight and liminality was identified, and the tentative conclusion that liminal experience may be a stimulus for insight was made. Variables (solo/group travel, travel motivation, gender, and cultural novelty) hypothesized to moderate the association between liminality and …

When Is A Journey Sacred? Exploring Twelve Properties Of The Sacred, Jasmine M. Goodnow, Kelly S. Bloom

Health and Human Development

One of the first definitive works on the concept of the sacred was Emile Durkheim’s 1912 work The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life. In it, he defined the sacred in opposition to the profane. The next major work on the sacred was not until Mircea Eliade’s The Sacred and the Profane, in 1959. A review of the literature since that time reveals that the thinking on the sacred/profane dichotomy has changed little since these seminal writings. A useful tool for examining the sacred was created in 1989 when Belk, Wallendorf and Sherry explored the dichotomy as it …

Needs Assessment Of Graduate Student Support Services At Western Washington University, Megan Spiegel, Trista Truemper

Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Residency

This project aims to understand what graduate students need professionally and personally to enhance the academic experience and meet future goals. Interviews and survey data will be used to assess student perceptions and needs for graduate level professional development and student services at Western Washington University, with the goal of identifying possible areas for enhanced programming.

Change At The Core: A Collaborative Model For Undergraduate Stem Education Reform, Emily Borda, Edward Geary, Emily Schumacher

Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Residency

Here we describe two projects that describe and study the effects of Change at the Core (C-Core), a professional development program for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) faculty and an institutional reform project for three interlinked institutions. One takes a classroom view, describing initial implementation of student-centered teaching in C-Core participants’ classrooms, and the other takes an institutional view, describing affordances and constraints of the Western Washington University (WWU), Whatcom Community College (WCC), and Skagit Valley College (SVC) collaboration.

Becoming Teachers Of The Language Of Content, Jennifer Green Ph.D.

Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Residency

Content teachers are also teachers of the language of that content. However, research has shown that teachers are neither knowledgeable nor confident in their ability to address the specific linguistic aspects of their content. This study examines how our ELL Endorsement program prepares teachers of different content areas, including elementary education, to become teachers of the language of that content.

Off-Grid, Zero Net Energy Tiny Homes - Lesson Plan, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Reducing the energy consumption and carbon footprint of residential buildings is a key to achieving carbon emissions reduction targets and limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius, the target set forth in 2015 at the UN COP21 climate summit in Paris. Sustainable and green building markets are gaining momentum as part of the effort to reduce carbon emissions associated with building energy use and construction materials. California especially is a leader in the green building movement, with policies in place requiring energy savings and water conservation for all new construction. The California Energy Commission announced in 2015 the goal …

Big World, Small Planet – Module 4: Wants Versus Needs: Pushing The Boundaries, Student Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 4: Wants Versus Needs: Pushing the Boundaries, Student Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 4: Wants Versus Needs: Pushing The Boundaries, Teacher Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 4: Wants Versus Needs: Pushing the Boundaries, Teacher Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 1: Getting Started With Sustainability, Teacher Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 1: Getting Started with Sustainability, Teacher Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 1: Getting Started With Sustainability, Student Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 1: Getting Started with Sustainability, Student Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 3: Meeting Human Needs Sustainably, Teacher Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 3: Meeting Human Needs Sustainably, Teacher Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 2: Learning From The Natural World, Teacher Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 2: Learning from the Natural World, Teacher Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 2: Learning From The Natural World, Student Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 2: Learning from the Natural World, Student Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

Big World, Small Planet – Module 3: Meeting Human Needs Sustainably, Student Edition, Facing The Future, Western Washington University

Facing the Future Publications

Big World, Small Planet – Module 3: Meeting Human Needs Sustainably, Student Edition

We live in an interconnected world. Movies, music, news, manufactured goods like clothing and electronics, and people travel across the globe. With this much exchange of ideas, culture, and material goods, our actions in one region are sure to affect people living in other regions. Understanding how and where we connect can help us understand how we might impact others. This understanding can also help us find ways to make these new lines of contact work benefit of all.

First Year Professional Learning Community Implementation Within The Marion High School Science Department, Madilyn M. Ramaekers

Graduate Research Papers

The underlying theory of this research study is a radical constructivist worldview. Radical constructivism is based on two main ideas, that knowledge is not passively received but instead is actively built by individual people and that the function of cognition is adaptive and works to organize the experiential world (Von Glasersfeld, 1989). It is assumed that as teachers partake in a professional learning community they seek understanding of their school and classroom. Findings of the research will not be narrow but rather varied and multiple, leading to a range of views rather than a singular view. In radical constructivism, experience …

La Representacion De “Raza” En La Literatura Escolar Y Juvenil Norteamericana Del Siglo Xix, Karl M. Lorenz

Education Faculty Publications

Este documento relata cómo las razas angloamericana, amerindia y negra estuvieron representadas en libros de texto de la escuela primaria y na literatura juvenil en el siglo XIX. Una muestra de textos de geografía, historia y lectura, y revistas juveniles y infantiles publicadas entre 1790 y 1890 fueron examinadas para determinar cómo se representaron las tres razas. También se presenta información adicional de publicaciones para adultos y científicas para proporcionar un contexto para las opiniones expresadas en los libros de texto y la literatura relacionada. Con base en la información transmitida en las publicaciones, se identificaron y discutieron brevemente conceptos …

A Career In Tour Guiding: A Case Study Of Dublin, Ireland, Detta Melia

Conference papers

Tourist guides are the essential interface between a tourism destination and its visitors, and are very much responsible for the overall impression of the destination and satisfaction offered. However, of the small amount of literature published, very few studies have asked tourist guides their views and opinions, or have built up a profile of the tourist guide. This paper attempts to redress the balance. This study, concentrating on professional tourist guides in Dublin, Ireland.

Potential threats and challenges to the future of the industry are explored, particularly threats from unqualified guides and from the introduction of information technology (IT). Primary …

Storying Our Journey: Conversations About The Literary Canon And Course Development In Secondary English Education., Elsie L. Olan, Kia Jane Richmond

Journal Articles

Olan and Richmond present preservice English teachers’ stories about having little experience with canonical texts they are asked to teach in their field experiences.