Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (15)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (13)
- Arts and Humanities (9)
- Curriculum and Instruction (8)
- Educational Methods (5)
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (5)
- American Studies (4)
- Curriculum and Social Inquiry (4)
- Educational Leadership (4)
- Higher Education (4)
- Language and Literacy Education (4)
- Other Education (4)
- Elementary Education and Teaching (3)
- International and Comparative Education (3)
- Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education (3)
- Reading and Language (3)
- Applied Linguistics (2)
- Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education (2)
- Communication (2)
- Creative Writing (2)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (2)
- English Language and Literature (2)
- International and Area Studies (2)
- Linguistics (2)
- Sociology (2)
- Accessibility (1)
- American Film Studies (1)
- American Literature (1)
- American Politics (1)
- Institution
-
- Selected Works (10)
- University of Wollongong (5)
- Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) (3)
- Old Dominion University (3)
- University of South Florida (3)
-
- Fort Hays State University (2)
- Georgia State University (2)
- Rhode Island College (2)
- University of Nebraska at Omaha (2)
- Bridgewater State University (1)
- Chapman University (1)
- Edith Cowan University (1)
- Florida International University (1)
- Kennesaw State University (1)
- Marshall University (1)
- Mississippi State University (1)
- Regis University (1)
- SelectedWorks (1)
- University at Albany, State University of New York (1)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (1)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (1)
- University of Denver (1)
- University of Kentucky (1)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (1)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (1)
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville (1)
- Utah State University (1)
- Western Kentucky University (1)
- Publication
-
- Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive) (5)
- Associate Professor Pauline Taylor-Guy (3)
- Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2)
- Master's Theses, Dissertations, Graduate Research and Major Papers Overview (2)
- OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Australia (2)
-
- Teaching & Learning Theses & Dissertations (2)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2)
- All ETDs from UAB (1)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (1)
- Arkansas Education Reports (1)
- Assessment and Reporting (1)
- Dr John Ainley (1)
- Dr Robert Simons (1)
- Dr Wolfram Schulz (1)
- Early Childhood and Elementary Education Faculty Publications (1)
- Education Faculty Articles and Research (1)
- Educational Theory and Practice Faculty Scholarship (1)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (1)
- Elementary and Early Childhood Education Faculty Publications (1)
- English Faculty Publications (1)
- FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations (1)
- IACE Hall of Fame Repository (1)
- Julian Fraillon (1)
- Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón (1)
- Marion Meiers (1941-2018) (1)
- Master's Capstone Projects (1)
- Middle-Secondary Education and Instructional Technology Dissertations (1)
- Ratnesh Dwivedi (1)
- Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection) (1)
- Research and Evaluation in Education, Technology, Art, and Design (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 51
Full-Text Articles in Education
National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2008 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Chris Freeman, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Eveline Gebhardt, Kate O'Malley, Wolfram Schulz
National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2008 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Chris Freeman, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Eveline Gebhardt, Kate O'Malley, Wolfram Schulz
Dr Wolfram Schulz
This report describes the technical aspects of the National ICT Literacy Sample Assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. Chapter 3 also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration and data management procedures, including quality control and the cleaning and coding of …
National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2008 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Chris Freeman, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Eveline Gebhardt, Kate O'Malley, Wolfram Schulz
National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2008 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Chris Freeman, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Eveline Gebhardt, Kate O'Malley, Wolfram Schulz
Julian Fraillon
This report describes the technical aspects of the National ICT Literacy Sample Assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. Chapter 3 also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration and data management procedures, including quality control and the cleaning and coding of …
National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2008 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Chris Freeman, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Eveline Gebhardt, Kate O'Malley, Wolfram Schulz
National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2008 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Chris Freeman, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Eveline Gebhardt, Kate O'Malley, Wolfram Schulz
Dr John Ainley
This report describes the technical aspects of the National ICT Literacy Sample Assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. Chapter 3 also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration and data management procedures, including quality control and the cleaning and coding of …
Florida's Adolescent Literacy Policy: An Alternative Reading And Response, Diane Kroeger
Florida's Adolescent Literacy Policy: An Alternative Reading And Response, Diane Kroeger
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In this qualitative case study, I constructed interpretations of the meanings conveyed by state-level discourse communities as they were manifested in the primary and secondary speech genres of Florida’s adolescent literacy policy. Meanings (or values, beliefs and feelings) are highly tacit understandings embedded in the language, actions and objects of policy (Yanow, 2000), and are conveyed through informal and formal speech (Bakhtin, 1986). Results revealed (a) state policy meanings convey multiple versions of literacy with a heavy focus on receptive aspects of literate practice; (b) a typology of students and their fit within the institutional system; and (c) an emphasis …
Passing As Literate: Gender, Dyslexia, And The Shaping Of Identities, Ellen Burns Hurst
Passing As Literate: Gender, Dyslexia, And The Shaping Of Identities, Ellen Burns Hurst
Middle-Secondary Education and Instructional Technology Dissertations
The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate the ways in which currently diagnosed dyslexic females, who navigated adolescence and their concomitant schooling without a definitive diagnosis of dyslexia, negotiated their identities in the figured world of school. To explore this phenomenon, it was necessary to understand the complexity of dyslexia as well as the theoretical underpinnings of identity construction, adolescence, and ―passing as literate.‖ This case study is informed by poststructuralist thought; through this lens I examine how my subjects perceived their worlds and how they negotiated the challenges associated with undiagnosed dyslexia. As they describe their …
Challenges For Australian Education : Results From Pisa 2009 : The Pisa 2009 Assessment Of Students' Reading, Mathematical And Scientific Literacy, Sue Thomson, Lisa De Bortoli, Marina Nicholas, Kylie Hillman, Sarah Buckley
Challenges For Australian Education : Results From Pisa 2009 : The Pisa 2009 Assessment Of Students' Reading, Mathematical And Scientific Literacy, Sue Thomson, Lisa De Bortoli, Marina Nicholas, Kylie Hillman, Sarah Buckley
OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Australia
Focusing on reading literacy as the major domain for the PISA 2009 assessment, this national report examines Australian students' achievement in reading, mathematical and scientific literacy. Results are reported for the states, by gender, for Indigenous students, by location, language background and by socioeconomic background.
Factors Affecting Literacy Achievement Of Eighth Grade Middle School Instrumental Music Students, Johnny T. Brauch Kurt
Factors Affecting Literacy Achievement Of Eighth Grade Middle School Instrumental Music Students, Johnny T. Brauch Kurt
Student Work
The purpose of this pretest-posttest comparative efficacy study was to analyze factors affecting literacy achievement of eighth grade middle school instrumental music students (n = 38) including (a) socioeconomic status (SES), (b) gender, (c) grade point average (GPA), (d) music motivation, (e) music involvement, and (f) instrument section. The findings of this study indicate that, utilizing the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) reading comprehension, reading vocabulary, and science subtests and the Northwest Evaluation Association (NWEA) Reading Measure of Academic Progress (MAP) as the dependent variables for each of the six independent variables, significant growth over time was made in …
Pisa In Brief : Highlights From The Full Australian Report : Challenges For Australian Education : Results From Pisa 2009 : The Pisa 2009 Assessment Of Students' Reading, Mathematical And Scientific Literacy, Sue Thomson, Lisa De Bortoli, Marina Nicholas, Kylie Hillman, Sarah Buckley
Pisa In Brief : Highlights From The Full Australian Report : Challenges For Australian Education : Results From Pisa 2009 : The Pisa 2009 Assessment Of Students' Reading, Mathematical And Scientific Literacy, Sue Thomson, Lisa De Bortoli, Marina Nicholas, Kylie Hillman, Sarah Buckley
OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Australia
PISA in Brief summarises the results from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009 assessment of students’ reading, mathematical and scientific literacy skills. It tells us about how students performed in the assessment and describes some wider findings about what lies behind their results. PISA 2009 assessed students’ capacities to apply knowledge and skills in reading, mathematical and scientific literacy. More assessment time was given to reading literacy, as this was the main focus for this cycle.
Implementing Reading And Writing In Secondary Mathematics, Mari E. Eisenhart
Implementing Reading And Writing In Secondary Mathematics, Mari E. Eisenhart
Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)
Literacy in secondary mathematics continues to be difficult for many. Mathematics teachers and researchers continue to develop support documents for secondary math teachers. It is important to utilize the literacy strategies already established by other content areas. It is feasible to adjust these strategies to suit the needs of mathematics students. Literacy across the content areas is a relatively new idea in education, but literacy in mathematics is even more foreign. It is necessary to use the available literacy strategies to develop materials applicable in the secondary mathematics classroom.
Challenges And Strategies Of Mobile Advertising In India, Ratnesh Dwivedi Mr
Challenges And Strategies Of Mobile Advertising In India, Ratnesh Dwivedi Mr
Ratnesh Dwivedi
Advertising is paid communication through a medium in which the sponsor is identified and the message is controlled. Every major medium is used to deliver these messages, including: television, radio, movies, magazines, newspapers, the Internet and today’s growing mobile advertising. Advertisements can also be seen on the seats of grocery carts, on the walls of an airport walkway, on the sides of buses, heard in telephone hold messages and instore PA systems but get paid for reading SMS on our mobile phones .It is the new way of marketing strategy for reaching subscribers. Mobile advertising is the business of encouraging …
Outstanding Educational Performance Awards: Highlighting High Achieving Arkansas Schools, 2010, James L. Woodworth, Jeffery R. Dean, James V. Shuls, Caleb P. Rose, Nathan C. Jensen, Gary W. Ritter
Outstanding Educational Performance Awards: Highlighting High Achieving Arkansas Schools, 2010, James L. Woodworth, Jeffery R. Dean, James V. Shuls, Caleb P. Rose, Nathan C. Jensen, Gary W. Ritter
Arkansas Education Reports
So, in this Arkansas Education Report (AER) we aim to highlight excellent performance and give our congratulations. To that end, we are happy to highlight many high performing schools around the state in our now-annual AER entitled the Outstanding Educational Performance Awards.
Nebraska Reading First Final Report, Guy Trainin, Kathryn Ac Wilson
Nebraska Reading First Final Report, Guy Trainin, Kathryn Ac Wilson
Research and Evaluation in Education, Technology, Art, and Design
Reading First has been implemented in Nebraska since the 2004-5 academic year. In two rounds of funding and participation, schools have transformed the way they trained their teachers, measured student progress, and taught. This transformation is one of the hardest tasks in education and it has taken the considerable dedication of school personnel as well as dedicated leaders from the Nebraska Department of education. The program has seen great success in increasing the proportion of students acquiring basic literacy skills of phonemic awareness, decoding, and oral reading fluency. That initial success has led to an increase in outcomes even for …
“Grounded” Technology Integration: Instructional Planning Using Curriculum-Based Activity Type Taxonomies, Judith B. Harris, Mark J. Hofer, Denise A. Schmidt, Margaret R. Blanchard, Neal Grandgenett, Marcela Van Olphen
“Grounded” Technology Integration: Instructional Planning Using Curriculum-Based Activity Type Taxonomies, Judith B. Harris, Mark J. Hofer, Denise A. Schmidt, Margaret R. Blanchard, Neal Grandgenett, Marcela Van Olphen
Teacher Education Faculty Publications
Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK or TPACK) – the highly practical professional educational knowledge that enables and supports technology integration – is comprised of teachers’ concurrent and interdependent knowledge of curriculum content, general pedagogy, and technological understanding. Teachers’ planning – which expresses teachers’ professional knowledge (including TPACK) in pragmatic ways -- is situated, contextually sensitive, routinized, and activity-based. To assist with technology integration, therefore, we suggest using what is understood from research about teachers’ knowledge and instructional planning to form an approach to curriculum-based technology integration that is predicated upon teachers combining technologically supported learning activity types selected from content-keyed …
The Evidence Base Of Effective Practice In Literacy And Numeracy : Standards Of Evidence, Robert Simons, Adrian Beavis
The Evidence Base Of Effective Practice In Literacy And Numeracy : Standards Of Evidence, Robert Simons, Adrian Beavis
Dr Robert Simons
No abstract provided.
Using Children's Literature To Assess Reading Comprehension In The Early Years Of School, Marion Meiers
Using Children's Literature To Assess Reading Comprehension In The Early Years Of School, Marion Meiers
Marion Meiers (1941-2018)
This paper reports some findings from the first three years of a longitudinal study designed to follow students' growth in literacy from the earliest years at school. A feature of the study was the use of quality children's literature, in the form of picture story books. These texts were the basis of instruments designed to investigate students' developing comprehension, their understanding and knowledge of narrative texts, and their skills in recognising, explaining and making connections with the themes and ideas in the texts. The selection of texts appropriate for these purposes has raised many points of interest, such as the …
Practical Challenges And Possibilities For The Integration Of Academic Literacy In A First Year Subject, Clifford Jackson, Pauline Taylor, Adam Raoul
Practical Challenges And Possibilities For The Integration Of Academic Literacy In A First Year Subject, Clifford Jackson, Pauline Taylor, Adam Raoul
Associate Professor Pauline Taylor-Guy
A Systematic Approach To Literacy Support For First Year Preservice Teachers: Implications For Practice, Pauline Taylor
A Systematic Approach To Literacy Support For First Year Preservice Teachers: Implications For Practice, Pauline Taylor
Associate Professor Pauline Taylor-Guy
Qepr Review Of Progress: Review Of Progress Towards Implementing The Government Response To The Queensland Education Performance Review And Related State School Initiatives In Literacy, Numeracy And Science, Geoff N. Masters
Assessment and Reporting
This review was undertaken at the request of the Director-General of the Queensland Department of Education and Training. It reviews progress and makes recommendations ‘about initiatives aimed at improving the performance of Queensland students in literacy, numeracy and science’. More specifically, the Terms of Reference for the review requested an analysis and recommendations relating to:
- the effectiveness of the initiatives implemented in the Government response to the five recommendations of the Queensland Education Performance Review (QEPR); and
- the effectiveness of identified key initiatives in Queensland state primary schools to improve performance in literacy, numeracy and science.
The review was asked …
Escenario Lingüístico Multilingüe: Una Evidencia De Vitalidad Etnolingüística, Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón
Escenario Lingüístico Multilingüe: Una Evidencia De Vitalidad Etnolingüística, Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón
Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón
No abstract provided.
Literacy Coaching, Patricia Jane May
Literacy Coaching, Patricia Jane May
Master's Theses, Dissertations, Graduate Research and Major Papers Overview
Examines the experience of four elementary level classroom teachers and one coach as they engaged in a year-long literacy coaching program. Analysis of coach/teacher interactions highlights the role of reflective thought in teacher learning and positions reflective thought as a foundational premise of teacher learning. In addition, as a result of the discovery process inherent in the grounded theory design, finds that teachers' goal setting influenced movement along a gradual release of responsibility (GRR) continuum of adult learning.
Parents As Partners In Kindergarten And Second Grade Literacy Instruction: A Qualitative Inquiry Into Student-Authored Traveling Books, Dorothy C. Little
Parents As Partners In Kindergarten And Second Grade Literacy Instruction: A Qualitative Inquiry Into Student-Authored Traveling Books, Dorothy C. Little
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The purpose of this research was to study a sociocognitive “student/parent/peer authoring community” called Traveling Books (TBks) in kindergarten and second grade in a public elementary school setting. TBks are teacher-made vehicles for involving parents in peer-based literacy environments. The study was based on Epstein's theory that increasing overlap of students' spheres of influence, home, school, and community, creates a greater likelihood that children will learn what the parents want them to learn. The aim was to locate essential elements that triggered learning processes to occur and to discover research-based fundamentals still missing from TBks.
This qualitative inquiry incorporated the …
Gjr Volume 33 Number 1 Spring 2010, Elizabeth Pendergraft, Sheryl Dasinger
Gjr Volume 33 Number 1 Spring 2010, Elizabeth Pendergraft, Sheryl Dasinger
The Georgia Journal of Reading Archive
The Georgia Journal of Reading's Spring 2010 issue includes:
Message From the Editors by Elizabeth Pendergraft (pg.5)
President’s Page by Sallie Averitt Miller (pg. 6)
Using Children’s Literature as a Resource Within Middle Grades Social Studies Curriculum by Christine A. Draper (pg. 7)
Critical Literacy: From Theory to Practice by Katie Simon Kurumada (pg. 12)
Extra! Extra! Read All About It!: Tapping Students’ Popular Culture Interest Through An Elementary School Newspaper by Andrew Huddleston (pg. 16)
Can Digital Storytelling Improve Literacy Outcomes for Students with Autism? by Brent Daigle and Margaret-Mary Sulentic Dowell (pg. 25)
Project Pen Pal: A Win-Win …
Making Waves With Critical Literacy, Carolyn Fortuna
Making Waves With Critical Literacy, Carolyn Fortuna
Master's Theses, Dissertations, Graduate Research and Major Papers Overview
A qualitative study undertaken in 2007 that explores the application of critical literacy pedagogy within English language arts classes of an upper middle class public high school. Results demonstrate that when students recontextualize their own modalities, literacies, and cultures as part of their learning experience, they begin to understand the concept of social justice for all.
Elementary Principals' Literacy Practices And Their Relationship To Student Achievement In Reading, Sandra Carper Cox
Elementary Principals' Literacy Practices And Their Relationship To Student Achievement In Reading, Sandra Carper Cox
Teaching & Learning Theses & Dissertations
Principal behavior is under intense scrutiny, particularly in light of increased demands for higher and higher levels of student achievement. Reading achievement is the measure by which schools as well as principal leadership are judged. This study examined principals' literacy practices and their relationship to student achievement in reading. Measures used for analyses included a researcher-developed survey instrument, the Principal Quality Literacy Practices Survey, and results from the grade five Virginia Standards of Learning (SOL) English: Reading test.
Survey data from 109 principals and 160 reading specialists from Southeastern Virginia were utilized. Principals and reading specialists reported that overall principals' …
The Effects Of Classroom Environmental Quality On The Early Literacy Outcomes Of A Regionally Heterogeneous Population Of Latino Children, Maria M. Marin
The Effects Of Classroom Environmental Quality On The Early Literacy Outcomes Of A Regionally Heterogeneous Population Of Latino Children, Maria M. Marin
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between classroom environmental quality and early literacy outcomes amongst a sample of Latino children from various Latin-American countries. Participants included 116 preschoolers that attended various childcare centers in Southeast Florida. Participant’s literacy knowledge was assessed using the Test of Preschool Early Literacy. Classrooms were assessed on environmental quality using the Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale-Revised. A regression analysis revealed that classroom environmental quality did not account for Latino children’s early literacy outcomes. However, a multiple regression analysis was significant (R2= .15, F(5, 115) = 3.86, p< .05) indicating that quality has a varying impact on children’s early literacy skills based on children’s region of origin. Findings suggest that high classroom environmental quality does not necessarily mean better literacy development for Latino children. Additionally, Latino children should not be viewed as a homogeneous group, particularly in relation to their development of literacy skills in English.
Spelling Errors In Children With Autism, Khalyn I. Wiggins
Spelling Errors In Children With Autism, Khalyn I. Wiggins
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this study was to examine the spelling errors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) when asked to spell morphologically complex words. Specifically, this study sought to determine if percent accuracy across morphological areas would be similar to patterns noted in typical developing children, correlate with participant age, and correlate to performance on standardized measures of achievement. Additionally, the study wanted to highlight the types of errors made by children with ASD on homonyms and the specific linguistic patterns noted when spelling derivational and inflectional word types.
Participants included 29 children diagnosed with Autism, PDD-NOS, and Asperger’s …
Knowledge Building And Vocabulary Growth Over Two Years, Grades 3 And 4, Yanqing Sun, Jianwei Zhang, Marlene Scardamalia
Knowledge Building And Vocabulary Growth Over Two Years, Grades 3 And 4, Yanqing Sun, Jianwei Zhang, Marlene Scardamalia
Educational Theory and Practice Faculty Scholarship
High-level literacy and productive knowledge work are central to educational reforms. In the research reported in this article, students were engaged in sustained, collaborative knowledge building in science and social studies. The vocabulary growth of 22 students over Grades 3 and 4 was traced, based on their entries to Knowledge Forum—a knowledge building environment used as an integral part of classroom work. It is the communal space where ideas, reference material, results of experiments, and other inquiry work are entered and continually improved. Analysis of lexical frequency profiles indicated significant growth in productive written vocabulary, including academic words. In a …
Meeting The Needs Of Struggling Readers In High School: What Are Rural Schools Doing?, William D. Bursuck, Susan Robbins, Kurt Lazaroff
Meeting The Needs Of Struggling Readers In High School: What Are Rural Schools Doing?, William D. Bursuck, Susan Robbins, Kurt Lazaroff
The Rural Educator
Implementing effective reading programs to meet the demans of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) represents an immense challenge for all high schools, but the challenges for rural high schools may be particularly acute. Rural schools have large concentrations of children living in poverty, greater per-pupil costs and low fiscal capacity, all of which can make meeting the demands of NCLB difficult. The purpose of this article is to report the results of research that examined the question of what rural high schools are doing to meet the needs of their struggling readers. The results of focus groups from …
Literacy As Praxis: The Recursive Cycle Of 21st Century Literacy Teaching, Susan Adams
Literacy As Praxis: The Recursive Cycle Of 21st Century Literacy Teaching, Susan Adams
Susan Adams
Poster presented at the 21st Annual Joseph Taylor Symposium, Indianapolis, IN, February 2010.
Theatre Of The Oppressed A Manual For Educators, Gopal Midha
Theatre Of The Oppressed A Manual For Educators, Gopal Midha
Master's Capstone Projects
Promoting social equity and justice, I think, are not just important but essential qualities in a good educator. My experience as a graduate student at University of Massachusetts helped me understand and practice different ways in which this could be done. For instance, I learnt how I could promote social justice through changes in curriculum, co-operative learning, inter-group dialogues or multicultural education. However, my search was for a method that did not require literacy as a pre-requisite and that went beyond mere conversations about social justice. One of the key elements of the power structures which lead to oppression, I …