Education Commons^™

Implementing Scientific Practices Through Case Studies: Examples Using Home-School Interventions And Consultation, Joann Galloway, Susan M. Sheridan

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Integrating scientific methods into school psychological practice is an essential tenet of effective service. In this article, we present two related examples that demonstrate methods by which to conduct high-quality intervention and consultation case studies with integrity. The present case studies utilized home note and consultation-based interventions to improve task completion and accuracy in mathematics for primary grade students who had demonstrated performance difficulties despite adequate intellectual ability and academic skills. Two sets of case studies were conducted. One involved the use of a home-school note implemented by parents and teachers in conjunction with a self-instruction manual. The second set …

Consulting With Teachers About Girls And Boys, Susan M. Sheridan, Mary Henning-Stout

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article is to clarify issues of gender relevant to the practice of consultation with classroom teachers. Social psychological and educational considerations are reviewed as grounding for gender-fair educational practices which consultation can help to bring about. Finally, the specific implications of this theoretical and empirical grounding for the practice of organizational, behavioral, and mental health consultation are explored.

Conjoint Behavioral Consultation: A Review And Case Study, Susan M. Sheridan, Denise L. Colton

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC) is an extension of traditional behavioral consultation in that parents and teachers, with the assistance of a consultant, are joined to identify and address child-related difficulties collaboratively. This article presents a background review of the conceptual and empirical grounds for CBC. A case study of the use of CBC with a young student manifesting an irrational fear of sleeping in his bedroom at home is presented. Specifically, procedures and outcomes of each stage of CBC are described. Considerations for interpreting and using case study results are also presented.

The Effects Of Athletic Participation On Self-Concept, Daily School Attendance, And Grade Point Average Of Female Seventh-Grade Students In Urban Schools, David L. Olah

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This study examined the effects of athletic participation on self-concept, daily school attendance, and grade point average on 503 seventh grade students in urban middle schools. A 2 x 3 factorial MANOVA analyzed self-concept data to determine differences in self-concept associated with the levels of athletic participation with that of pre- and post-treatment test periods. Tukey's post hoc tests were incorporated when a significant F ratio was demonstrated (p< 0.05). Significant differences were noted in four areas of self-concept as defined by Piers-Harris (1984): (1) intellectual and school status (Tukey, p< 0.05), (2) physical appearance and attributes (Tukey, p< 0.05), (3) anxiety (Tukey, p< 0.05), and (4) popularity (Tukey, p< 0.05). No significant differences were noted in three areas of self-concept: (1) behavior, (2) happiness and satisfaction, and (3) self-concept total.

A 3 x 3 factorial ANOVA demonstrated statistical differences in daily school attendance between female students participating in interscholastic athletics with female students not participating in interscholastic athletics. Daily school attendance …

Book Review: Battleground: One Mother's Crusade, The Religious Right, And The Struggle For Control Of Our Classrooms , David Moshman

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Many church-state controversies of the 1980s and 1990s have involved objections by conservative Christians to public school textbooks and curricula. One of the major legal cases in this area is Mozert v. Hawkins County Board of Education (1987), in which the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit decided that public schools need not accommodate parents who have religious objections to aspects of the curriculum. In Battleground, Stephen Bates presents a thorough and balanced account of the events leading up to Mozert and argues convincingly that the case was widely misunderstood and wrongly decided.

An Exploration Of Cognitive And Metacognitive Performance With Cognet Mle Treatment And No Treatment Control Students, Martha Mcbrayer Jones

Doctoral Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of the Cognitive Enrichment Network (COGNET) mediated learning instructional approach, an approach based on Feuerstein's theory of structural cognitive modifiability, on cognitive and metacognitive variables. COGNET and control subjects were in grades K-3 and were from two schools in rural Tennessee. They were identified as potential subjects by being former Head Start participants, receiving free lunch, or by teacher referral for at risk status. They participated in the study for two years. Students were videotaped during the pre- and post-test administrations of the Cognitive Functioning Analysis Instrument. From these videos, the cognitive phase durations …

Reason, Reasons, And Reasoning: A Constructivist Account Of Human Rationality, David Moshman

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The concept of rationality has its roots in a historic philosophical conception of human beings as creatures of reason. To act on the basis of reason is to act on the basis of reasons, which in turn implies a process of reasoning. An objectivist conception of rationality sees its essence as lying in the use of reasoning processes that conform to appropriate logical norms. A subjectivist conception of rationality sees its essence in the subjective appeal to reasons. It is argued that neither approach alone is adequate. Rationality is best viewed as metasubjective objectivity. That is, the standards that embody …

Using Student-Managed Interventions To Increase Homework Completion And Accuracy, Daniel E. Olympia, Susan M. Sheridan, William R. Jenson, Debra Andrews

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

We examined the effectiveness of self-managed individual and group contingency procedures in improving the completion and accuracy rates of daily mathematics homework assignments. A group of sixth-grade students having homework difficulties in mathematics were selected for the study. There was substantial improvement in the amount of homework completed over baseline for a majority of the students, whereas the results for accuracy were mixed. Students who participated in the self-management training made significant gains on standardized measures of academic achievement and curriculum-based measures of classroom performance. Parents also reported significantly fewer problems associated with homework completion following the intervention. Students who …

Teaching Adult Learners, John A. Henschke Edd

IACE Hall of Fame Repository

No abstract provided.

Teacher Behaviors And Their Effect On Student Behavior: An Inservice Project, Cindy K. Dracobly

All Graduate Projects

This project was developed as a means to provide meaningful inservice for school staff in the area of classroom management as it relates to student behavior. This project established inservice activities providing staff with simple strategies to develop a positive classroom climate and to foster effective management of the learning environment while minimizing off task and disruptive student behavior.

Theory And Practice On Training And Professional Development In Adult And Continuing Education, John A. Henschke Edd

IACE Hall of Fame Repository

Theory and practice in the curriculum for preparation of educators of adults have seldom been addressed in the same places or time frames. Much less, there have been few attempts to bring theory and practice together in any coherent way. Nevertheless, expressions of concern and discontent from adult educators and the general adult populace involved in learning experiences abound which question "why do adult educators violate in their own programs everything that is known about how adults learn?" However, comments of satisfaction with the current situation may prompt one to suggest that theory and practice relationship will not be resolved, …

Task Influences On Spontaneous Peer Learning In The Classroom, Ann Cale Kruger

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Publications

A number of experimental interventions have confirmed the effectiveness of peer collaboration for the acquisition of concepts such as conservation. However, no study to date has described the process or effectiveness of peer learning as it takes place in classrooms. The present study documented episodes of spontaneous peer interaction during academic tasks in a progressive school. Results indicated that the type of task performed influenced the structure of the interaction. Open-ended or discovery tasks such as story-writing promoted more exchange of information and more argumentation than did skill tasks that had only one right answer. Skill tasks were related to …

Homework: A Natural Means Of Home-School Collaboration, Daniel E. Olympia, Susan M. Sheridan, William Jenson

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article is to place homework in the framework of an emerging interest in the development of effective home-school partnerships. Specifically, review of the homework literature is provided with attention to parent-, teacher-, and child-mediated programs. Several homework programs that have received empirical support are described. Finally, the role of the school psychologist in supporting and coordinating complementary home-school homework programs is explored.

School Teacher's Role In A School-Community Alcohol Intervention Program, Ian Newman, Mary Lee Fitzsimmons, Kim M. Maschmann, J. W. Upright

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Because the majority of rural and/or frontier children attend school for at least some time in their lives, implementing a low-cost, school-based alcohol and other drug prevention and intervention program is an effective way to reach a majority of children with alcohol and other drug abuse prevention, education, and early intervention services. This paper describes a model program, the School-Community Intervention Program (SCIP), and describes the results of a 2-year evaluation of 35 schools.

Academic Achievement In Filipino Children, Muriel Del Castillo Lòpez

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Family Counselor Interaction Patterns As Related To Client Gender: Differences In Treatment Of School-Age Girls And Boys, Sherry Barnes Rabinowitz

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether counselors differed in their interaction patterns when counseling school-age girls as compared to school-age boys when measured by the communication categories of indirect-statements (feeling statements), direct statements (information statements), interrupting the client, and being interrupted by the client. Videotapes of counseling sessions were made from existing videotapes of counseling sessions conducted by the staff of the PACES Family Counseling Center at The College of William and Mary. Sections of 50 counseling sessions were used, plus two more sections to determine inter-rater reliability.;Five videotapes were made, each consisting of ten different five-minute …

The Process Of Learning, Peter Cole

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Biggs, J. B. and Moore, P.J. (1993) The Process of Learning (3rd ed.) Sydney : Prentice Hall. 582 p.

Determining The Validity And Reliability Of An Instrument Designed To Measure Metacognitive Behaviours, Anne L. Martin

Theses : Honours

This project was designed to study the role of metacognition in mathematical problem solving. More specifically, it was designed to determine the validity and reliability of an instrument proposed to identify metacognitive behaviours in Year 7 children solving problems. The instrument was used to analyse audio tapes of pairs of students working on a non-routine problem (i.e., a problem that cannot be solved solely by the direct application of the basic operations). Analysis of the audio tapes involved categorizing metacognitive decisions as: orientation, organization, execution, and verification behaviours. A "cognitive-metacognitive" framework (Garofalo & Lester, 1985) was used as a basis …

High School Girls Motivation Toward Mathematics: Effects Of Perceived Instrumentality And Attitude Toward The Future, Bruce D. Watt

Theses : Honours

Research in the area of future time perspective has suggested that academic motivation is associated with the perceived instrumentality of academic pursuits, and affective attitude toward personal future (Van Calster, Lens & Nuttin, 1987). Motivation tends to be higher when perceived instrumentality is high, but only when one has a positive attitude toward personal future. The present study tested these findings in regard to motivation toward mathematics in a sample of 119 13- year-old high school girls. Main effects for affective attitude and perceived instrumentality on motivation were found. Students who had a positive affective attitude were more motivated than …

Academic Achievement Motivation In Hispanic Students, Lisa A. Schuck

Masters Theses

There is a lack of research on academic achievement motivation in Hispanic students, and instruments which measure achievement motivation have not been validated with Hispanic students. Fifteen regular-education teachers rated 67 third through fifth grade Hispanic students on the Teacher Rating of Academic Achievement Motivation (TRAAM). Students completed the Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS). Construct validity was investigated by examining the relationship of the TRAAM with the AMS. Criterion-related validity was established by examining the relationship of the TRAAM with Stanford Achievement Test (SAT) scores and grades. The TRAAM, AMS, Otis-Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT) scores, and grades were used to …