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Mathematics

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Full-Text Articles in Education

Stemming On Stem: A Stem Education Framework For Students With Disabilities, Jiwon Hwang, Jonte C. Taylor Jun 2016

Stemming On Stem: A Stem Education Framework For Students With Disabilities, Jiwon Hwang, Jonte C. Taylor

Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities

There has been increased attention paid to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics also known as STEM. The focus on STEM has been both educational and occupational. Unfortunately, students with disabilities perform below their peers without disabilities in math and science. The authors discuss issues related to STEM and students with disabilities. These issues include (1) traditional views of STEM education, (2) the importance of STEM education, and (3) students with disabilities performance in STEM. The authors posit a framework for STEM education for students with disabilities and promote the incorporation of the arts to increase students’ STEM knowledge and achievement.

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Critical Thinking Skills And Academic Maturity: Emerging Results From A Five-Year Quality Enhancement Plan (Qep) Study, Ian N. Toppin, Shadreck Chitsonga Jun 2016

Critical Thinking Skills And Academic Maturity: Emerging Results From A Five-Year Quality Enhancement Plan (Qep) Study, Ian N. Toppin, Shadreck Chitsonga

Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education

The QEP that was implemented in this study focused on enhancing students’ critical thinking skills. A pretest/ posttest approach was used to assess students’ critical thinking progress in freshman level core English and Math courses. An intervention was performed involving intensive instruction and assignments relating to a set of reasoning strategies such as: analytical, analogical, inductive, deductive, and comparative reasoning, among others. When students performed well on assignments by applying the reasoning strategies, it was assumed that critical thinking occurred. However, pre/ posttest results in these classes were often disappointing, and seemed at times to suggest that freshmen are not …

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The Role Of Black Colleges In The Development Of Mathematicians, Viveka Borum, Adriel Adon Hilton, Erica Walker Jan 2016

The Role Of Black Colleges In The Development Of Mathematicians, Viveka Borum, Adriel Adon Hilton, Erica Walker

Journal of Research Initiatives

Historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are home to almost 400,000 of the nation’s college and university population and account for nearly 25% of degrees conferred to African Americans, according to Hale (2006). They have been the launching pads for three-fourths of African Americans who hold doctorate degrees, three-fourths of Black officers in the military, and four-fifths of African American federal judges (Hale, 2006). In addition, fifty percent of African American faculty in predominantly White research universities received their bachelor’s degrees at an HBCU (Hale, 2006). These are significant percentages given the relatively small number of Black colleges and universities …

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To The Memory Of R. Freivalds, Efim Kinber Jan 2016

To The Memory Of R. Freivalds, Efim Kinber

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

The paper contains author’s memories of his mentor and teacher R. M. Freivalds.

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Developing Primary Pre-Service Teachers' Mathematical Content Knowledge During Practicum Teaching, Sharyn L. Livy, Colleen Vale, Sandra Herbert Jan 2016

Developing Primary Pre-Service Teachers' Mathematical Content Knowledge During Practicum Teaching, Sharyn L. Livy, Colleen Vale, Sandra Herbert

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

While it is recognised that a teachers’ mathematical content knowledge (MCK) is crucial for teaching, less is known about when different categories of MCK develop during teacher education. This paper reports on two primary pre-service teachers, whose MCK was investigated during their practicum experiences in first, second and fourth years of a four-year Bachelor of Education program. The results identify when and under what conditions pre-service teachers’ developed different categories of their MCK during practicum. Factors that assisted pre-service teachers to develop their MCK included program structure providing breadth and depth of experiences; sustained engagement for learning MCK; and …

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Analyzing Mathematics And Ap Statistics Assessment Items In Terms Of The Levels Of Thinking Skills They Assess, Shadreck S. Chitsonga Dec 2015

Analyzing Mathematics And Ap Statistics Assessment Items In Terms Of The Levels Of Thinking Skills They Assess, Shadreck S. Chitsonga

Georgia Educational Researcher

This study is a part of a large study that investigated the Assessment Practices of Mathematics Teachers who also teach AP Statistics. In this paper I investigate the thinking skills that assessment items used mathematics and AP Statistics classroom assess. Two teachers who were teaching mathematics and AP Statistics participated in this study. Each teacher was observed 12 times in class. Artifacts were also collected from each teacher, mainly oral questions and written questions. A mathematics taxonomy framework was used to analyze the characteristics of the assessment items. The results of the study indicated that assessment questions (oral and written) …

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Implementasi Pendekatan Saintifik Mapel Matematika Kelas Vii Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014 Pada Kurikulum 2013 Diy, Rusindrayanti Rusindrayanti, Rusgianto Heru Santoso Dec 2015

Implementasi Pendekatan Saintifik Mapel Matematika Kelas Vii Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014 Pada Kurikulum 2013 Diy, Rusindrayanti Rusindrayanti, Rusgianto Heru Santoso

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) pemahaman guru matematika, (2) implementasi pendekatan saintifik, dan (3) hambatan dan solusi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini 20 orang guru matematika kelas VII di Provinsi DIY. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah lembar review dokumen, lembar observasi, dan pedoman wawancara. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan proses pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi atau penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pemahaman guru memiliki kriteria baik dengan rata-rata penilaian total 3,86 dari nilai maksimum 5 (2) Implementasi pendekatan saintifik memiliki kriteria …

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Ambiguity In Speaking Chemistry And Other Stem Content: Educational Implications, Mick D. Isaacson, Michelle Michaels Sep 2015

Ambiguity In Speaking Chemistry And Other Stem Content: Educational Implications, Mick D. Isaacson, Michelle Michaels

Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities

Ambiguity in speech is a possible barrier to the acquisition of knowledge for students who have print disabilities (such as blindness, visual impairments, and some specific learning disabilities) and rely on auditory input for learning. Chemistry appears to have considerable potential for being spoken ambiguously and may be a barrier to accessing knowledge and to learning. Educators in chemistry may be unaware of, or have limited awareness of, potential ambiguity in speaking chemistry and may speak chemistry ambiguously to their students. One purpose of this paper is to increase awareness of potential ambiguity in speaking chemistry and other STEM fields …

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Integrating Writing In The Middle-Level Mathematics Classroom: An Action Research Study, Alyssa Beavers, Brandon L. Fox, Jamaal Young, Elizabeth M. Bellows, Leah Kahn Aug 2015

Integrating Writing In The Middle-Level Mathematics Classroom: An Action Research Study, Alyssa Beavers, Brandon L. Fox, Jamaal Young, Elizabeth M. Bellows, Leah Kahn

MLET: The Journal of Middle Level Education in Texas

Discourse in mathematics refers to the written and oral communication that occurs in the mathematics classroom. Yet, in many classrooms in the United States, writing is often taught remotely in the classroom of a language arts teacher. In this action research project, our focus was on improving students’ written expressions and explanations in the middle-level mathematics classroom. The purpose of this action research was to examine and evaluate the effect writing has on students’ mathematical thinking processes and skills. Over the course of eight weeks, students were presented with various writing assignments in mathematics. Students were given approximately 20 minutes …

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Attitudes And Experiences In Liberal Arts Mathematics, Jennifer Clinkenbeard Jul 2015

Attitudes And Experiences In Liberal Arts Mathematics, Jennifer Clinkenbeard

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

For many university students, the last formal experience in a mathematics classroom is a single semester “general education” mathematics class. Traditionally, students in this type of class often hold negative attitudes towards mathematics. Here I study a sample of students from this population (49 students at a large, urban, comprehensive public university enrolled in a “math for liberal arts majors” course) to research whether a positive experience in a freshman-level general education mathematics course correlates with a positive change in the students’ attitude towards mathematics in general. I also explore which specific aspects of such a course contribute most to …

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The Techno-Numerate Nurse: Results Of A Study Exploring Nursing Student And Nurse Perceptions Of Workplace Mathematics And Technology Demands, Daniel H. Jarvis, Andrea Kozuskanich, Barbi Law, Karey D. Mccullough Jun 2015

The Techno-Numerate Nurse: Results Of A Study Exploring Nursing Student And Nurse Perceptions Of Workplace Mathematics And Technology Demands, Daniel H. Jarvis, Andrea Kozuskanich, Barbi Law, Karey D. Mccullough

Quality Advancement in Nursing Education - Avancées en formation infirmière

In this paper, we report on the findings of a research study that sought to answer the following questions: (i) How do current nursing students’ perceptions compare with those of actual working nurses regarding the mathematics and technology demands involved in nursing?; and, (ii) What types of course structures, content, pedagogy, or other recommendations could more effectively prepare nurses for the realities of the workplace in light of mathematics and technology demands? The study involved online open-response questions and semi-structured interviews. Seventy-six participants, including both 4th-year nursing students (n = 8) and working nurses (n = 68), completed …

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Lift Every Voice And Sing. A Response To "Mathematics For What? High School Students Reflect On Mathematics As A Tool For Social Inquiry", Anita Bright Apr 2015

Lift Every Voice And Sing. A Response To "Mathematics For What? High School Students Reflect On Mathematics As A Tool For Social Inquiry", Anita Bright

Democracy and Education

In this response, I applaud the work initiated in this research and underscore some of the key reasons I find it so valuable. Building from this, I also issue a call to the greater mathematics education community—particularly the large mathematics professional organizations—to consider the ways their organizations have conceptualized and framed equity work, and invite them to entertain the idea of remapping their visions in ways that are more forward thinking and less traditionally safe.

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A Framework For Evaluating Learning Progressions On Features Related To Their Intended Uses, Jennifer L. Kobrin, Sarah Larson, Ashley Cromwell, Patricia Garza Apr 2015

A Framework For Evaluating Learning Progressions On Features Related To Their Intended Uses, Jennifer L. Kobrin, Sarah Larson, Ashley Cromwell, Patricia Garza

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

In recent years, learning progressions (LPs) have captured the interest of educators and policy makers. There have been numerous efforts to develop LPs aligned to college and career readiness standards, to unpack these standards, and to provide more clarity on the pathways students follow to reach them. There is great variation, however, in the structure, content, and features of LPs, and these have implications for the LP’s most appropriate use. The purpose of this research was to devise a framework to understand and evaluate key features of an LP, including its structure, content, usability, and validity evidence. We maintain that …

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Improving University Students' Perception Of Mathematics And Mathematics Ability, Shelly L. Wismath, Alyson Worrall Jan 2015

Improving University Students' Perception Of Mathematics And Mathematics Ability, Shelly L. Wismath, Alyson Worrall

Numeracy

Although mathematical and quantitative reasoning skills are an essential part of adult life in our society, many students arrive at post-secondary education without such skills. Taking a standard mathematics course such as calculus may do little to improve those skills. Using a modification of the Tapia & Marsh questionnaire, we surveyed 62 students taking a broad quantitative reasoning course designed to develop quantitative skills, with respect to two broad attitudinal areas: students’ perception of their own ability, confidence and anxiety, and their perception of the value of mathematics in their studies and their lives. Pre- to post-course comparisons were done …

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Exploring Links Between Pedagogical Knowledge Practices And Student Outcomes In Stem Education For Primary Schools, Peter Hudson, Lyn English, Les Dawes, Donna King, Steve Baker Jan 2015

Exploring Links Between Pedagogical Knowledge Practices And Student Outcomes In Stem Education For Primary Schools, Peter Hudson, Lyn English, Les Dawes, Donna King, Steve Baker

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education is an emerging initiative in Australia, particularly in primary schools. This qualitative research aimed to understand Year 4 students’ involvement in an integrated STEM education unit that focused on science concepts (e.g., states of matter, testing properties of materials) and mathematics concepts (e.g., 3D shapes and metric measurements) for designing, making and testing a strong and safe medical kit to insulate medicines (ice cubes) at desirable temperatures. Data collection tools included student work samples, photographs, written responses from students and the teacher, and researcher notes. In a post-hoc analysis, a pedagogical knowledge practice …

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The Pds Model As A Vehicle For Simultaneous Renewal In Mathematics Education, Sherri L. Martinie, Chepina Rumsey, David S. Allen, Andrew Bennett, Deborah Abernathy, Brandys Zolnerowich, Melisa Hancock Sep 2014

The Pds Model As A Vehicle For Simultaneous Renewal In Mathematics Education, Sherri L. Martinie, Chepina Rumsey, David S. Allen, Andrew Bennett, Deborah Abernathy, Brandys Zolnerowich, Melisa Hancock

Educational Considerations

For a quarter century, Kansas State University’s College of Education has supported a Professional Development School (PDS) model involving professional collaboration with selected public school systems across Kansas.

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Beliefs Of Efficacy And Elementary Teachers’ Computational Skills, Vanessa Hinton, Margaret Flores, Kate Simmons Jun 2014

Beliefs Of Efficacy And Elementary Teachers’ Computational Skills, Vanessa Hinton, Margaret Flores, Kate Simmons

Georgia Educational Researcher

Early mathematics content that is taught in elementary school lays the foundation for students’ advanced mathematics performance. Thus, researchers show it is important that pre-service elementary teachers build a strong background in numbers and operations, as well as efficacy beliefs in mathematics instruction. This study expands the literature in the investigation of pre-service teachers’ efficacy beliefs and mathematical knowledge by making comparisons of pre-service elementary teachers’ views of efficacy to their overall ability in computation skills. Results show that elementary pre-service teachers who demonstrated lower scores in efficacy beliefs also had significantly lower computation scores. Implications for teacher preparation are …

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Moving Toward Equitable, Accessible, And Relevant Mathematics For All. A Book Review Of Rethinking Mathematics: Teaching Social Justice By The Numbers, Lauren Provost Apr 2014

Moving Toward Equitable, Accessible, And Relevant Mathematics For All. A Book Review Of Rethinking Mathematics: Teaching Social Justice By The Numbers, Lauren Provost

Democracy and Education

A book review of Rethinking Mathematics: Teaching Social Justice by the Numbers, edited by Eric Gutstein and Bob Peterson.

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An Exploration Into The Barriers And Facilitators Experienced By University Graduates With Disabilities Requiring Personal Assistance Services, Norma J. Stumbo, Bradley N. Hedrick, Courtney Weisman, Jay K. Martin Apr 2014

An Exploration Into The Barriers And Facilitators Experienced By University Graduates With Disabilities Requiring Personal Assistance Services, Norma J. Stumbo, Bradley N. Hedrick, Courtney Weisman, Jay K. Martin

Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities

The purpose of this preliminary study was to explore the residual barriers and facilitators for a selected group of individuals with severe physical disabilities who had been afforded a comprehensive set of strategies and services aimed at meeting their basic personal as well as academic needs. Their perceptions of both barriers and facilitators, experienced while in school and post-graduation, were the focus of this qualitative research study. Due to the funding source, differences between individuals who majored in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and non-STEM fields were also explored. Personal interviews were conducted with a stratified random sample of …

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The Efficacy Of Mathematics Education, Eric Geimer Feb 2014

The Efficacy Of Mathematics Education, Eric Geimer

The STEAM Journal

Evidence supports the notion that mathematics education in the United States is inadequate. There is also evidence that mathematics education deficiencies extend internationally. The worldwide mathematics education deficit appears large enough that improving student performance in this educational problem area could yield great economic benefit. To improve the efficacy of mathematics education, education’s root problems must first be understood. Often supposed educational root problems are considered and contrasted against potential deficiencies of mathematics methodologies and curricula that are based on mainstream educational philosophies. The educational philosophies utilized to form early-grade mathematics methodologies and related curricula are judged to be the …

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Valuing Assessment In Teacher Education - Multiple-Choice Competency Testing, Dona L. Martin, Diane Itter Jan 2014

Valuing Assessment In Teacher Education - Multiple-Choice Competency Testing, Dona L. Martin, Diane Itter

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

When our focus is on assessment educators should work to value the nature of assessment. This paper presents a new approach to multiple-choice competency testing in mathematics education. The instrument discussed here reflects student competence, encourages self-regulatory learning behaviours and links content with current curriculum documents and with collaborative and cooperative learning episodes.

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Mathematics, English And Gender Issues: Do Teachers Count?, Gilah C. Leder, Helen J. Forgasz, Glenda Jackson Jan 2014

Mathematics, English And Gender Issues: Do Teachers Count?, Gilah C. Leder, Helen J. Forgasz, Glenda Jackson

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Pedestrians were stopped in the street and asked about their views on the teaching and learning of mathematics and English for boys and girls. Many commented on the importance of teachers for both subject areas; some respondents self-identified as teachers. In this article we present findings on the gendering of mathematics and English and the impact that teachers can have on learning outcomes in these disciplines. The data reveal that mathematics is endorsed by many as a male domain and English as a female domain, and that teachers play an influential part in the learning outcomes – achievement, future participation, …

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Design Considerations For Visually-Aided Discussion Prompts: Emphasizing Mathematical Reasoning In Teacher Education, Anne Marie S. Marshall, Kadian M. Callahan Jan 2014

Design Considerations For Visually-Aided Discussion Prompts: Emphasizing Mathematical Reasoning In Teacher Education, Anne Marie S. Marshall, Kadian M. Callahan

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Georgia Association of Mathematics Teacher Educators

The availability and familiarity of online discussion tools create new instructional options that teacher educators can use to foster prospective teachers’ understanding of mathematics. In particular, online discussion blogs provide an avenue through which teacher educators can press prospective teachers to explore mathematical concepts and share their mathematical reasoning with peers. Furthermore, by incorporating visual stimulations as a design component of these discussion blogs, prospective teachers can make sense of and respond to others’ ideas about mathematical concepts with greater clarity. This paper shares preliminary findings of a research study that examined the extent to which the design of a …

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Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Matematika Sma Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Materi Logika Matematika, Muhammad Istiqlal, Dhoriva Urwatul Wutsqa Dec 2013

Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Matematika Sma Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Materi Logika Matematika, Muhammad Istiqlal, Dhoriva Urwatul Wutsqa

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan multimedia pembelajaran matematika yang berkualitas baik dan layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika dan mendeskripsikan seberapa baik kualitas perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang dihasilkan. Kriteria kualitas yang digunakan mengacu pada kriteria Nieveen, yaitu valid, praktis dan efektif. Materi yang dikembangkan adalah materi Logika Matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Development research). Penelitian ini mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan model pengembangan yang diadaptasi dari model pengembangan Borg & Gall. Tahap-tahap yang dilalui sampai diperoleh multimedia pembelajaran matematika yang valid, praktis dan efektif adalah analisis kebutuhan dan perumusan tujuan, desain/pengembangan produk, uji coba, …

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Pengembangan Soal Penalaran Model Timss Matematika Smp, Amrina Rizta, Zulkardi Zulkardi, Yusuf Hartono Dec 2013

Pengembangan Soal Penalaran Model Timss Matematika Smp, Amrina Rizta, Zulkardi Zulkardi, Yusuf Hartono

Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan soal penalaran model TIMSS pada mata pelajaran matematika SMP yang valid dan praktis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan research and develop-ment. Kevalidan diketahui dari hasil penilaian validator pada lembar validasi yang menyatakan soal-soal yang dikembangkan telah baik berdasarkan content (sesuai dengan kurikulum dan ma-teri), construct (sesuai dengan karakteristik/indikator penalaran), dan bahasa (sesuai dengan kaidah bahasa yang berlaku/EYD) dan kepraktisan diketahui dari hasil uji coba one-to-one dan small group. Hasil penelitian berupa soal penalaran model TIMSS matematika SMP yang valid dan praktis. Hasil uji coba diperoleh rata-rata hasil tes penalaran siswa adalah 4 siswa (14,815%) tergolong mempunyai …

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Using The Depth Of Knowledge Model To Create High School Mathematics Assessments--Research, Lynne Gannon Patterson, Meagan Musselman, Joel Rowlett Dec 2013

Using The Depth Of Knowledge Model To Create High School Mathematics Assessments--Research, Lynne Gannon Patterson, Meagan Musselman, Joel Rowlett

Kentucky Journal of Excellence in College Teaching and Learning

This study examined the midterm exams of six high school math teachers and sought to (a) determine if teachers could accurately identify which level of Norman Webb’s Depth of Knowledge (DOK) model their test items aligned to, and (b) compare the actual percentage of test items at each DOK level to the targeted percentage based off Webb’s research. The study revealed that teachers were not accurate with their alignment of test items with Webb’s DOK model. They also came up short in comparison to the targeted percentages of test items at each level. Comprehensively, they were asking more questions at …

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Ambiguity And Inconsistencies In Mathematics Spoken In The Classroom: The Need For Teacher Training And Rules For Communication Of Mathematics, M.D. Isaacson, S. Srinivasan, Lyle Lloyd Dec 2013

Ambiguity And Inconsistencies In Mathematics Spoken In The Classroom: The Need For Teacher Training And Rules For Communication Of Mathematics, M.D. Isaacson, S. Srinivasan, Lyle Lloyd

Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities

Mathematics has the potential for being spoken ambiguously. This is problematic for many students, in particular those who have disabilities that inhibit processing of printed material. This paper documents the magnitude of potential ambiguity arising from textbooks and provides a measure of the degree to which potential ambiguity is actualized through teachers’ speech. Inconsistency among teachers in speaking mathematics is also documented. Evidence is provided that teachers are not adequately aware of ambiguity in speaking mathematics and that they believe that they should have training regarding ambiguity in communication of mathematics and how to speak mathematics non-ambiguously.

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How Well Are Mathematics Common Core Standards Reflected In Mathematics College Readiness Expectations?--Research, Lisa Conn Dec 2013

How Well Are Mathematics Common Core Standards Reflected In Mathematics College Readiness Expectations?--Research, Lisa Conn

Kentucky Journal of Excellence in College Teaching and Learning

On February 10, 2010, Kentucky made history by being the first state to adopt the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). The CCSS were designed to be more rigorous, focused, and applicable (Holiday, 2010) than previous standards. The adoption of these standards was predicated by Senate Bill 1, Unbridled Learning. This bill required legislative bodies to develop a unified strategy to reduce the high college remediation rates of recent high school graduates by at least fifty percent before 2014. Along with high schools being required to address underprepared college students, state universities were to align their remediation courses with the new …

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The Effectiveness Of Computer-Assisted Instruction For Teaching Mathematics To Students With Specific Learning Disability, Sherry L. Stultz Dec 2013

The Effectiveness Of Computer-Assisted Instruction For Teaching Mathematics To Students With Specific Learning Disability, Sherry L. Stultz

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Using computers to teach students is not a new idea. Computers have been utilized for educational purposes for over 80 years. However, the effectiveness of these programs for teaching mathematics to students with specific learning disability is unclear. This study was undertaken to determine if computer-assisted instruction was as effective as other methods of instruction that do not use computers for teaching mathematics to these students. A two-week experimental research study with 36 male and 22 female participants was conducted to determine if a difference existed in the learning of high school students with specific learning disability who were taught …

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Second-Year Pre-Service Teachers’ Responses To Proportional Reasoning Test Items, Sharyn Livy, Sandra Herbert Nov 2013

Second-Year Pre-Service Teachers’ Responses To Proportional Reasoning Test Items, Sharyn Livy, Sandra Herbert

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

A recent international study of pre-service teachers identified that proportional reasoning was problematic for pre-service teachers. Proportional reasoning is an important topic in the middle years of schooling and therefore it is critical that teachers understand this topic and can rely on their Mathematical Content Knowledge (MCK) when teaching. The focus of this paper is second-year Australian primary pre-service teachers’ MCK of real number items related to ratio, rate, proportion and proportional reasoning. This paper reports on strengths and weakness of pre-service teachers’ MCK when responding to test items; including a method suitable for analysing responses to five items and …

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