Education Commons^™

How Do Staff And Families Perceive The Effects Of After School Programs On The Overall School Experience?, Selena Alonzo

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of General Nutritional Knowledge Of High School Students, Tiffany Wheat

Masters Theses

Background: High school student nutritional knowledge is an under-researched demographic in the U.S. The present study aimed to explore the general nutritional knowledge of high school students and examine if there are any differences between sex, grade level, and BMI. Methods: The General Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire-Revised (GNKQ-R) was employed to measure the nutritional knowledge level of a sample of local high school students enrolled in a food sciences/culinary arts class. Data were analyzed using GNU PSPP and Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The results indicated although differences existed between the groups there were no statistical differences between gender, BMI, and grade …

Academic Faculty Perceptions Of Student-Athletes, Jacob M. Mueller

Masters Theses

The purpose of this qualitative study was to find what perceptions did academic faculty have of student-athletes, if any, at a midsized Midwestern Division-I institution. The study addressed a gap in literature that existed of researched perceptions academic faculty members had of the student-athlete population as there was a lack of literature related to student-athletes through that lens. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Identity Theory for theoretical conceptualization of the data, the study was able to find tangible evidence for the existence of perceptions of student-athletes from academic faculty and what behaviors, exposure, and experiences related to …

In-Training Improvement: A Tactical Athletic Approach To Enhance The Performance And Wellness Of Law Enforcement Officers, Shai-Enne Kerry Haynes

Masters Theses

Fitness and musculoskeletal injuries are a major health concern among United States law enforcement personnel. The objectives of this study were twofold: 1) to compare the effects of wearing work gear and not wearing work gear during job related specific activities; and 2) identify the negative effects of the required work equipment on law officials and exploring methods to decrease the negative effects. There is an undeniable prevalence of law officials and back issues and other musculoskeletal complications which presents an interrelated research and field test environment. This study leverages research to help advance the knowledge of law enforcement performance, …

The Impact Of Heart Rate Monitor Use On Student Intensity In Elementary Physical Education, Gerrit J. Van Klaveren

Masters Theses

Heart rate monitors (HRM) were used with 80 fifth grade students during an eight-day basketball unit in one elementary school located in Otsego County, Michigan to see if the implementation had any effect on increasing the intensity of the participating students. Specifically, the HRM measured the amount of time the students were engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). It was hypothesized that with the use of HRM, students would increase their MVPA and maintain that time in MVPA by the eighth day. The eight days were split into four levels where students were introduced to a new feature …

Factors Lnfluencing Weight Gain And Perceived Barriers Of Exercise In First Semester College Students, Noah C. Neuenfeldt

Masters Theses

College students believe that university weight management interventions impact their health habits. This suggests that universities can play a large role in encouraging students to be active. The purpose of this study was to investigate this claim and to acquire a better understanding of weight change in first year college students in the first semester. We specifically sought to identify the variables that influence weight gain, as well as determine the awareness and usage of resources available to the students. A survey was given to first year students addressing the variables of interest including change in weight and Body Mass …

Effectiveness Of Improving Performance With The Bigger Faster Stronger In-Season Training Program, Alicia D. Crelinsten

Masters Theses

This study investigated the effectiveness of improving performance of adolescents with the in-season Bigger Faster Stronger (BFS) program. Thirty seven high school athletes were divided into three groups; BFS (n=l4 ), traditional weight training (n= l0), and control (n= 13 ). Each participant went through a battery of seven performance pre-tests and post-tests ( estimated 1 ORM incline bench, broad jump, one minute sit-up test, t-test, line drill, 40 yard sprint, 1.5 mile run). Following the pre-testing, the control group continued to participate in their sport. The BFS group participated in the in-season BFS program (30 minute supervised session consisting …

The Influence Of Pedometers And Heart Rate Monitors On Academic Learning Time In Physical Education, Jeffrey E. Kingma

Masters Theses

This study looked at pedometers and heart rate monitors, to see if they influence academic learning time in physical education (ALT-PE). ALT-PE is a behavioral measurement of quality analyzing the percentage of time students are motor engaged during the physical education class. The study used two physical education classes each participating in a basketball and a soccer unit. Video was taken and analyzed of the two week baseline and experimental units. During the experimental unit, one third of the class received pedometers, one third heart rate monitors and one third no device. Each class day students rotated through each condition. …

Self-Reported Health And Fitness Habits Of Certified Athletic Trainers, Jessica J. Groth

Masters Theses

The purpose of our study was to analyze the health and fitness habits of ATCs. One thousand participants from the Great Lakes Athletic Trainers' Association (GLATA District 4) were invited to participate in the study. Two-hundred and seventy-five ATCs completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire was a 23-item health habits and activity questionnaire divided into four sections: fitness, nutrition, alcohol and tobacco and demographics. It was pilot tested before administration with a reliability coefficient of .73. Participants were sent an email invitation with a link to the questionnaire and were given five weeks to complete the questionnaire. Analyses were run on …

The Effects Of A 6-Weekly Plyometric Training Program On Agility, Jeremy Herniman

Masters Theses

PURPOSE: To determine if six weeks of plyometric training can improve an athlete's agility. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Subjects were divided into a plyometric training and a control group. The plyometric training group participated in a six week plyometric training program. The control group did not perform any plyometric training techniques and were told to refrain from initiating any lower extremity training program. SUBJECTS: Twenty eight subjects were randomly assigned to 2 groups, a plyometric training group and a control group. Subjects were at least 18 years of age, free of lower extremity injuries, and were not involved in any type …

The Effects Of Acute Exercise Of Plasma Volume Expansion In Men – Variations Of The Intensity/Duration Relationship, Christopher Matthew Gregory

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the exercise variables of intensity and duration in relation to PV expansion during an acute bout of exercise, when the total amount of work performed was kept constant. Six male subjects completed a maximal graded exercise test and three two-day experimental trials. During the experimental trials, each subject performed one of three exercise protocols on a cycle ergometer: 50% VO_2peak (60 minutes), 65% VO_2peak (45 minutes), and 80% VO_2peak (30 minutes). Measurements of hematocrit, hemoglobin, and serum albumin and total protein concentrations were obtained before exercise (BASE), immediately post-exercise …

The Effect Of Glycemic Indices And Timing Of Meal On Exercise To Fatigue, Amy Morrison Gyorkos

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the influence of pre-carbohydrate feedings prior to exercise to fatigue. Five individuals performed a peak bike test and four experimental trials, separated by 7 days. Upon arrival, subjects ingested 1g of carbohydrates (CHO) for every kilogram of body weight (BW) of a high glycemic index meal (HGI) or a low glycemic index meal (LGI) prior to exercise to fatigue. Subjects waited 30- or 60-minutes following each test meal, totaling four experimental trials. The exercise regiment was consistent following each meal; 90 minutes cycling at 70% peak oxygen consumption (VO_{2peak …}

Effect Of The Cycle-Run Transition On Running Economy In Triathletes, James J. Swanson

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prior cycling on running economy (RE) during the running portion of a simulated Olympic distance triathlon. Six triathletes and one duathlete participated in four consecutive laboratory trials: (1) maximal treadmill tests, (2) independent 40km cycling trial (IC), (3) independent 10km treadmill running (IR) and (4) 40km cycling (TC) followed by a 10km treadmill run (TR). Pulmonary data were collected every minute using an automated breath-by-breath system and compared between the first and last ten minutes of each trial. The data showed a significant increase was seen in RE from …

Safer Schools: Promoting Safe Play On School Playground Equipment, Kimberly Elaine Seckinger

Masters Theses

Each year, over 200,000 people receive emergency room care for injuries sustained on recreational equipment, and a vast majority of these injuries involve children under the age of 15 who have been hurt on school playground equipment. To date, a single empirical study has been conducted applying behavioral technology to decrease children's risky behavior on playground equipment (Heck, Collins, & Peterson, 2001 ), and showed reductions in risk-taking behavior when programmed consequences were in place. The purposes of the current investigation were to replicate and extend previous research though a component analysis of an injury prevention package designed to decrease …

Influence Of Social Group And Health/Exercise Program On Obesity Related Outcome Measures Among Obese Adolescents, Debra Braley

Masters Theses

The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the influence of a health/exercise program and social group on fat mass, weight, circumference measurements and body image among obese adolescents. Eighteen adolescents, ages 12-15 years were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 6. The parent/youth group (PYG) had 3 female and 3 male Caucasian participants. The peer group (PG) consisted of 2 females and 1 male Caucasians and 3 African-American females. The control group (CG) had 4 females and 1 male Caucasians and 1 African-American female. Body composition, weight, circumference measurements, and self-report questionnaires (Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, MBSRQ) were …

The Learning Styles Of Health And Physical Education Students Using The Capsol Style Of Learning Assessment, Erin D. Palpant

Masters Theses

Students in a classroom all receive the information the same way, however, those students most likely learn and process information quite differently. Therefore the format in which it is received can make a large impact on the effectiveness of the instruction. The purpose of this study was to determine the learning styles of health and physical education students using the CAPSOL Styles of Learning Assessment. One hundred ten undergraduate PE students in the college of Health, Physical Education and Recreation (HPER) from Western Michigan University participated in this study during February 2005.

Frequencies and percentages were figured for the students …

Comparison Effects Of Tape And The Mcdavid Ultra Brace In Limiting The Amount And Rate Of Ankle Inversion, Leah M. Pataki

Masters Theses

The ankle joint is among one of the most common sites for injury, accounting for 86% of all injuries. Commonly, athletic tape or an ankle brace is used to prevent or protect ankle injuries from occurring and/or re-occurring. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of athletic tape and the McDavid Ultra brace in limiting the amount and rate of ankle inversion when using dynamic ankle inversion. Subjects (6=Males, 12=Females) completed ten trials on an inversion platform under the following conditions: no-tape (control) and two bracing conditions (athletic tape and McDavid Ultra Brace). A 2 x 3 …

A Survey Of Lightning Safety Policy In Selected High Schools, Katie Groszek

Masters Theses

Our research will entail a survey of high school certified athletic trainers in the Great Lakes Athletic Trainers' Association (District 4) of the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) on lightning safety policy. The NATA has written a position statement (Walsh, 2000) on lightning safety to educate athletic trainers and other individuals on the dangers of lightning and safety guidelines to follow. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) also has lightning safety guidelines for the schools it governs. Despite the recommendations of the NAT A and NCAA, there has been a demonstrated lack of lightning safety policy. The purpose of this …

White Rules, Black Stars: Race, Sport, Community, And The Emergence Of Integrated Boys' High School Basketball In Benton Harbor, Michigan, 1945-1965, Christopher Michael Jannings

Masters Theses

Located in the southwestern corner of the state in Berrien County, the city of Benton Harbor, Michigan rests along the shores of Lake Michigan, in the heart of the Fruit Belt, and near the St. Joseph River. Not until the early 1940s did a significant number of black migrants arrive from the South and larger metropolitan areas in the North to take advantage of a booming a wartime economy, higher paying jobs, and better living conditions. The growing black presence greatly altered the social, political, cultural, and economic structure of Benton Harbor. By the late 1950s and early 1960s the …

Effects Of Emu Oil In Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Of The Quadriceps, Michaelyn Sebold

Masters Theses

Limited research on emu oil has shown evidence of anti-inflammatory activity. Currently, emu oil has been used anecdotally to reduce soreness after physical activity. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of emu oil on delayed onset muscle soreness in the quadriceps. The objectives were to examine whether emu oil decreased soreness perceptually and physiologically after eccentric exercises on a leg extension machine.

The research design was a double blind format. Subjects were randomly assigned to three groups. Those three groups were randomly assigned to a given treatment order (control, placebo, or treatment). This was a counter-balanced …

The Effects Of Water Versus Land Plyometric Drills On Balance, Jaclyn Kelly

Masters Theses

Plyometrics are used by athletes of all to increase strength, power, and speed and often used during rehabilitation programs both on land and in water. Previous research suggested that aquatic plyometrics may have an affect on balance, however there is no data to support this claim. The purpose of this study was to compare aquatic to land plyometrics and the effects on balance. Thirty-six healthy subjects (17 males, 19 females) were randomly assigned to one of three groups, control, land, or aquatic. Plyometric training took place twice a week for seven weeks. Each subject performed three trials of static (single …

The Effects Of Two Different Body Weight Support Harnesses On Oxygen Consumption And Heart Rate In Healthy Individuals, Sara Alison Koski

Masters Theses

The use of a body weight support hydraulic system can be beneficial for athletes with lower extremity injuries to help maintain cardiovascular fitness and provide athletes with the ability to advance lower extremity injuries to full weight bearing earlier than without a body weight support harness. However, body weight support harnesses can be a limiting factor due to rubbing or riding up when an injured athlete is attempting to maintain their current level of cardiovascular fitness. Discomfort is experienced with the use of many harnesses in the form of rubbing, tightness, and sliding up the torso. Two different body weight …

Sport Supplements And High School Athletes: A Study Of Use And Motivations, Bethany Coovert

Masters Theses

The use of sports supplements is prevalent among American society, including high school athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine what sports supplements high school athletes are consuming, what are the motivations behind the athletes use, where do the athletes obtain the supplements, where do the athletes acquire information regarding sports supplements and who encourages and/or discourages the athletes supplement use. A questionnaire was distributed to high school athletes in the greater Kalamazoo, Michigan area, with a seven percent response rate.

The study found that 34% of the high school athletes surveyed reported to use sports supplements. The …

Perception Of The Treatment Efficacy Of Therapeutic Magnets On Pain Control Of Exercise Induced Muscle Soreness In The Non-Dominant Wrist And Forearm In High School Athletes, Stacy L. Schlumbohm

Masters Theses

The purpose of the study was to determine if patient perceptions had a significant influence on the perceived success of therapeutic magnets. Volunteer subjects included 33 (14=Female, 19=Male) high school athletes. The subjects were divided into a control group and two treatment groups. Treatment group 1 received Nikken-Kenko Magnetic Promo Pad (2.15"x 3.23") and treatment group 2 received a placebo magnet. Treatment groups underwent an exercise induced muscle soreness protocol for the non-dominant wrist. The test groups completed a pain questionnaire every 12 hours for 96 hours. A post-test questionnaire was administered to the test groups at the conclusion of …

Effects Of Beta-Blockers On Maximal Oxygen Consumption, Steven P. Cramer

Masters Theses

The purpose of this meta-analytical review was to synthesize the data and find a consensus within the literature as to how beta-blockers affect VO₂ max in the healthy population. A thorough investigation of the literature was first performed, and a coding form developed to help select those articles with similar procedures that would be comparable to one another. This process resulted in the analysis of 10 research studies, in which the mean and standard deviation for an overall and for correlated non beta-blocker results, selective beta-blocker results, and non-selectivebeta blocker results were calculated.

The overall calculations showed little difference, …

A Biomechanical Analysis Of Steeplechase Barrier Clearance Techniques: Hurdle And Step-On, David G. Paschke

Masters Theses

The problem investigated was to compare the kinematic variables associated with the conventional hurdle technique and the step-on technique used in barrier clearance in the steeplechase. Twenty NCAA Division 1 male track and field athletes were filmed during competition in the steeplechase event of the Mid-American Conference Track and Field Championships, May, 1995.

Five ANOVAs and descriptive statistics were used to compare the step-on technique and the hurdle technique. Descriptive statistics provided information for the dependent variables. Statistically significant differences (p< .05) were found for trajectory angle, initial horizontal velocity and final horizontal velocity. The step-on technique was found to be superior to the hurdle technique in all cases. Suggestions were made for applying these findings in pragmatic settings.

The Effect Of Wellness Knowledge On Physical Activity And Nutrition Behaviors Of College Age Students, Shecanna R. Woomer

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to compare college age students' knowledge about wellness to their physical activity and nutrition attitudes and behaviors. This study tested the knowledge of 202 college age students at Eastern Illinois University and gathered data on their physical activity and nutrition attitudes and behaviors. A modified Wellness Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Instrument (WKABI) questionnaire was used for data collection (Dinger, 1994). The main focus of the study was to relate the score on the knowledge test to the score on the attitude survey and to the score on the behavior survey. Subgroup comparisons by major …

A Comparison Between Stationary And Moving Handlebars During Forward And Backward Pedaling At Various Resistances On An Elliptical Trainer, George Hajiefremides

Masters Theses

The study compared the effects of moving handlebars versus stationary handlebars during forward or backward pedaling on the Precor® EFX™ 556 elliptical trainer. The variables measured were: heart rate, heart rate as a percent of maximum heart rate, relative VO₂, relative VO₂ as a percent of VO₂ max, absolute CE, relative CE, RPE for arms, RPE for chest, RPE for legs and RPE for overall body. The 12 subjects completed four conditions - arm use with FR pedaling, no arm use with FR pedaling, arm use with BK pedaling, and no arm use with BK pedaling, …

A 3-D Biomechanical And Emg Analysis Of Three Mountain Bike Pedal Designs, David Lacy

Masters Theses

The problem of this study was to compare the lower limb kinematics and EMG activity of three bicycle pedal designs. The pedals investigated were a flat pedal platform and two different clip-in pedal designs, float with friction (FF) and spring recentered float (SF). The FF pedals offered 8° of rotational float and the SF pedals offered 10° of rotational float and 3 mm of medial-lateral translation. Sixteen healthy male and female volunteers between the ages of 18 and 29 performed five complete cycles of motion, beginning and ending at ATP, at two cadences under each of the three pedal conditions. …

Development Of A Submaximal Test To Predict Vo2Max Using An Elliptical Trainer, Alicia C. Armour

Masters Theses

The study attempted to determine whether an elliptical trainer is a valid exercise devise for the use in submaximal exercise testing to predict VO₂ max. Each subject performed two maximal treadmill exercise tests (Bruce Protocol), and three submaximal elliptical trainer exercise tests. The graded exercise test (GXT) had the following features: (a) 3-minute stages, (b) incremental increases in resistance of three levels between stages, and (c) a cycling (step) rate of 100 per minute. The variables measured in the study were: (a) VO₂ max, (b) HR, (c) RPE, and (d) workload expressed in watts. HR and watts were …