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Full-Text Articles in Education

Developing Bilateral And Spatial Concepts In Primary School-Aged Children: An Empirical Evaluation Of The Anker Bilateral Spatial System, Janet Richmond Dr, M Taylor Dr, S Evans Jul 2015

Developing Bilateral And Spatial Concepts In Primary School-Aged Children: An Empirical Evaluation Of The Anker Bilateral Spatial System, Janet Richmond Dr, M Taylor Dr, S Evans

Janet E Richmond PhD

Background: Visual-spatial and visual-motor perceptual difficulties contribute to school-aged learning problems. Hence, a need exists to address children’s visual-spatial and visual-motor perceptual difficulties as early as possible in the child’s school career. Thus, this study reports on the evaluation of the Anker Bilateral Spatial System’s (ABSS) effectiveness in remediating primary school children’s perceptual difficulties. Method: Thirty-one children (17 boys and 14 girls) aged 6 to 12 years who had been identified by their classroom teacher as having observable visual-spatial and visual-motor perceptual difficulties participated in a 10-week pre/posttest intervention study. The study’s pre/posttest assessments included the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor …


Visual Recognition Difficulties: Identifying Primary School Students' Directional Confusion In Writing Letters And Numbers, Janet E. Richmond, Myra F. Taylor Jul 2015

Visual Recognition Difficulties: Identifying Primary School Students' Directional Confusion In Writing Letters And Numbers, Janet E. Richmond, Myra F. Taylor

Janet E Richmond PhD

Background: Occupational therapists often assess primary school learners for letter and number reversal tendencies using scales which require recognition of reversed letters and numbers; however, these scales do not generally look at learners’ written production of letters and numbers to measure their reversal tendencies. This study aimed to determine whether learners reverse the same letters and numbers in reading and in writing. Method: This study utilised the Richmond Reversal Rating (RRR) Scale to identify which language symbols 118 primary school learners found difficult to recognise as being reversed when reading a series of letters and numbers and writing 20 letters …


Correlating The Developmental Test Of Visual Perception -2 (Dtvp And The Test Of Visual Perceptual Skills - Revised (Tvps-R) As Assesssment Tools For Learners With Learning Difficulties, Janet Richmond, K Holland Sep 2014

Correlating The Developmental Test Of Visual Perception -2 (Dtvp And The Test Of Visual Perceptual Skills - Revised (Tvps-R) As Assesssment Tools For Learners With Learning Difficulties, Janet Richmond, K Holland

Janet E Richmond PhD

Learners are often referred to occupational therapists to assess their visual perceptual functioning. It is, therefore, imperative that the occupational therapists use the best assessment tools to obtain accurate and reliable results that lead to effective intervention which will be noticeable in the classroom functioning of these learners. A study was therefore conducted which correlated the results of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception (second edition) (DTVP-2) and the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills Revised (TVPS-R) in a cohort of 173 learners from Grade 1 to Grade 4 (children aged 6 years to 11 years). The learners attend a remedial …


Rasch Measures Of Form Constancy Of Letters And Numbers, And Letters In Words For Young Children, Janet Richmond, Russell Waugh, Deslea Konza Jun 2014

Rasch Measures Of Form Constancy Of Letters And Numbers, And Letters In Words For Young Children, Janet Richmond, Russell Waugh, Deslea Konza

Janet E Richmond PhD

English and number literacy are very important topics and the Australian Government runs numeracy and literacy tests, administered through the State Education Departments, for all Year 3 (8 years old), Year 5 (10 years old) and Year 7 (12 years old) students. Results of these tests are reported to schools and parents with a view to ensuring that all children meet certain literacy standards and that children who are ‘falling behind’ are detected early so that remedial work can be given. Rasch measures were then created with the RUMM2020 computer program for visual discrimination regarding Form Constancy of Letters and …


Visual Discrimination Of Letters In The Alphabet By Young Children: A Rasch Measurement Analysis, Janet Richmond, Russell Waugh Jun 2014

Visual Discrimination Of Letters In The Alphabet By Young Children: A Rasch Measurement Analysis, Janet Richmond, Russell Waugh

Janet E Richmond PhD

Data on 30 items for upper case letters and 36 items for lower case letters, where each item was scored in one of two categories (wrong scored zero and correct scored one), were Rasch analysed to create two linear scales . The student sample was N=324 pre-primary and primary students (aged 5 to 9 years) in Perth, Western Australia. Twelve of the initial 30 items of Visual Discrimination of Upper Case Letters were deleted due to item misfit statistics leaving 18 items and five of the original 36 items for Visual Discrimination of Lower Case Letters were deleted leaving 31 …


Rasch Measures Of Number Discrimination And Reversal, And Numbers In Calculations For Young Children., Janet Richmond, Russell Waugh, Deslea Konza Jun 2014

Rasch Measures Of Number Discrimination And Reversal, And Numbers In Calculations For Young Children., Janet Richmond, Russell Waugh, Deslea Konza

Janet E Richmond PhD

Number literacy is a very important topic and the Australian Government runs numeracy and literacy tests, administered through the State Education Departments, for all Year 3 (8 years old), Year 5 (10 years old) and Year 7 (12 years old) students. Results of these tests are reported to schools and parents with a view to ensuring that all children meet certain numeracy standards and that children who are ‘falling behind’ are detected early so that remedial work can be given. Rasch measures were created with the RUMM2020 computer program for Visual Discrimination of Numbers (VDN) and Figure Ground Numbers in …


School Aged Children : Visual Perception And Reversal Recognition Of Letters And Numbers Separately And In Context, Janet E. Richmond Jun 2014

School Aged Children : Visual Perception And Reversal Recognition Of Letters And Numbers Separately And In Context, Janet E. Richmond

Janet E Richmond PhD

Visual discrimination, spatial orientation, and recognition of letters and numbers in context are important issues in helping young students achieve good literacy and numeracy standards. Thus, measures of Visual Discrimination of Upper Case Letters (VDUCL), Visual Discrimination of Lower Case Letters (VDLCL), and Visual Discrimination of Numbers (VDN) as well as Spatial Orientation of Letter and Number Pairs (SOLNP), Form Constancy of Letters and Numbers (FCLNP), Letter and Number Sequencing (LNS), Figure Ground of Letters in Words FGLW) and Figure Ground Numbers in Calculations (FGNC) must be linear and uni-dimensional so that student weaknesses can be identified objectively. The Simple …