Education Commons^™

Le Plan D’Intervention Au Canada Et En Europe : Une Analyse Comparative Entre Cinq Systèmes Scolaires, Philippe Tremblay, Enkeleda Arapi, Nathalie Bélanger, Piercarlo Bocchi, Sabine Kahn, Marie Toullec-Théry

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

En Amérique du Nord comme en Europe, la plupart des pays ont intégré dans leur politique éducative, la possibilité d’un projet éducatif individualisé pour les élèves à besoins spécifiques pendant leur scolarisation obligatoire. Il s’agit principalement d’un plan d’intervention (PI) mis en place pour l’élève vivant des difficultés scolaires ou comportementales à l’école. L’objectif de cet article est de jeter un regard comparatif sur des plans d’intervention provenant de cinq systèmes scolaires : le Québec, l’Ontario, la France, la Belgique (Wallonie) et la Suisse (canton du Tessin). Une analyse comparative est menée sur les canevas du PI provenant de ces …

Behind Quality, There Is Equality: An Analysis Of Scientific Capital Accumulation In Social-Democratic Welfare Regimes, Olivier Bégin-Caouette

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

ABSTRACT

Trade-offs between quality and equality are at the forefront of multiple debates in higher education, and one conceptual tool to approach societies’ adjustment in resolving these trade-offs is the welfare regime typology. Relying on the theory of academic capitalism and using research production as a proxy for quality in higher education, this study analyses how social-democratic welfare regimes resolve the trade-off between comparatively high levels of academic research production, access to higher education and equal citizens’ living conditions. Interviews with 56 system actors suggest that equality is perceived to contribute to academic freedom, public investments in research and the …

Critical Pedagogy Of Discomfort In Community-Based Learning: Kenyan Students' Experiences, Charlene A. Vanleeuwen, Lori E. Weeks, Linyuan Guo-Brennan

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Community-based learning (CBL) is employed as a pedagogical approach in professional programs globally; however, transferability of Eurocentric CBL models and theory to university settings outside the global north is under-examined. Adopting critical hermeneutics as the theoretical and methodological framework, this study explored the meaning of community-based learning (CBL) to Kenyan university students in a human services program and examined the complexity of students’ difficult learning experiences in making connections between classroom learning and praxis in Kenyan communities. Data were collected from six university students following 12-week placements with community organizations in Kenya. Findings revealed disciplinary, historical, cultural and extra-linguistic factors …

International Program And Provider Mobility In Higher Education: Research Trends, Challenges And Issues, Jane Knight, Qin Liu

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

International program and provider mobility (IPPM) in higher education has grown exponentially in the last decade but there is a dearth of research on this phenomenon. This article analyzes the trends and key issues identified in published academic research on IPPM from 2000 to 2018. The review uses a newly developed IPPM Classification Framework for analysis, focussing on four different modes of IPPM – branch campuses, joint universities, franchise programs, and partnership programs. All reviewed 364 publications were categorized according to IPPM mode, major theme, geographical orientation, type of research, publications source, and publication date. The findings illustrate the mass …

Researching Education In The Age Of Transnational Migration: Towards A New Research Agenda, Shibao Guo

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper is offered as work in progress to stimulate our thinking about the changing nature of comparative and international education in the age of transnational migration. It seems clear that the shifting paradigm of transnationalism has challenged the rigid, territorial nationalism, the understanding of borders and national identities. It is making cultural boundaries and identities porous, hybrid, and dialogic. In this paper I emphasize how comparative and international education has to be rethought in the context of transnational migration as a multidirectional process where diverse identities, forms of attachment and belonging inscribe the experiences of people as they move …

Dilemma And Knowledge - Book Review Of Re-Imagining Utopias: Theory And Method For Educational Research In Post-Socialist Contexts, Jessica Zychowicz

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

No abstract provided.

Challenges And Opportunities In Parent-Teacher Relationships In Contemporary China, Yan Guo, Xueqin Wu, Xiaoli Liu

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This study explores how market economy affects parent-teacher relationships in China. Guided by Bourdieu’s (1986) capital theory, we interviewed twenty-one teachers and twenty parents in China. The study reveals that the market economy has impacted changes in parent-teacher relationships in several aspects. First, modern technology such as the Internet and WeChat has facilitated communication between parents and teachers with fast pace and convenience. Moreover, the study makes an original contribution to the field by challenging stereotyping assumptions towards Chinese parents who are either completely not involved or partially involved in their child’s education at home. The study shows that contemporary …

Out Of School Factors Affecting Indigenous Girls’ Educational Attainment: A Theory Of Change For The Opening Opportunities Program In Rural Guatemala, Emma Z. L. Richardson, Mary Phillips, Alejandra Colom, Ielaf Khalil, Jennica Nichols

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Guatemalans have the lowest education rates in Latin America, and within Guatemala, Indigenous, rural and poor girls have much lower education rates than their peers. The ‘Opening Opportunities’ program attempts to invest in the poorest girls from rural Guatemala to build their personal, social, health and economic assets. Realist evaluation attempts to understand the key mechanisms in complex social interventions, and is under-used in education research. Based on data from life history interviews from graduates, this paper presents a Theory of Change to understand the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of the ‘Opening Opportunities’ Program relating to educational attainment. The four …

Education For Children With Disabilities: Will Policy Changes Promote Equal Access In Kenya?, Peter Moyi

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Policies to increase access to quality education have largely focused on reducing gender and income inequality; however, many children do not attend or fully participate in school because they have disabilities. Limited policy attention towards children with disabilities in developing countries is an obstacle to progress towards universal education. The limited knowledge and inadequate policies means many children with disabilities have limited access to quality education. In 2010, the legislative and policy context in Kenya changed significantly. The paper examines how the new constitution and the National Special Needs Education Policy Framework may impact the education of children with disabilities …

Isl Programs And Neo-Colonialism: The Response Of One Nicaraguan Village, Michael W. O'Sullivan, Harry Smaller

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Over the past five years, through interviews and focus groups, the authors have been exploring the impact of international service learning (ISL) programs on host villages and villagers in the south. While most communities express ongoing interest, this paper focuses on one rural Nicaraguan village that decided to end their long-standing involvement in ISL, citing the North’s persistent lack of sensitivity to the interests and needs of their community.

Drawing on Basso (1996) and Gruenwald (2003), we explore the concept of place-making - drawing the individual into a collective story and focusing on discovering social meaning in and though the …

Les Plans D’Intervention Au Canada : Analyse Comparée Des Fonctions, Philippe Tremblay

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

No abstract provided.

The Long Journey For Afghan Teacher Training Colleges: Accreditation And Quality Assurance, Tim Goddard, Mohammad A. Bakhshi, Jim Frideres

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

The authors, having spent five years working in Afghanistan provide a first-hand description of the processes that evolved over that time in the development of an accreditation and quality assurance policy and program for Teacher Training Colleges. The paper provides a brief historical sketch of the educational system in Afghanistan and the steps taken by the Technical Advisors in helping the Ministry of Education formalize a policy for accreditation and quality assurance. The second part of the paper focuses on the structure and content of the accreditation process that was successfully piloted on three Teacher Training Colleges. The Ministry of …

Grading Policies In Canada And China: A Comparative Study, Liying Cheng, Christopher Deluca, Heather Braund, Wei Yan

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

The current trend towards globalization, immigration, and internationalization of schools and universities around the world has led to the increased use of grades across educational systems. Given the use of grades for student promotion, mobilization, and admission into educational programs internationally, there is an urgent need to understand how grades are constructed differently in diverse systems of education. This study specifically examines grading policies across two educational contexts – Canada and China – to gain a nuanced understanding of how grades are constructed in these two systems where we see a large fast increase of Chinese students studying at Canadian …

From Class Assignment To Friendship: Enhancing The Intercultural Competence Of Domestic And International Students Through Experiential Learning, Stacey C. Wilson-Forsberg, Phyllis Power, Valerie Kilgour, Sara Darling

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This study explored growth in the intercultural competence of domestic and international students who participated in an intercultural experiential learning initiative for academic credit. The initiative paired Canadian students in a second-year multiculturalism class at Wilfrid Laurier University with international students enrolled in the Laurier English and Academic Foundation (LEAF) program. Qualitative data derived from the oral and written reflections of three cohorts of students inform the study. The data were coded using pre-existing codes derived from learning objectives and reflection questions based on Deardorff’s (2006) Elements of Intercultural Competence Model. The findings suggest that while exposure to different cultural …

Reflections On Symmetries And Asymmetries In The Internationalization Of Higher Education In Brazil And Canada, Vanessa Andreotti, Elisa S. Thiago, Sharon Stein

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

In this article we reflect on how internationalization is articulated in different ways within the context of a relatively new global educational credentials export industry (GEEI). This industry emerged largely as a response to decreased public funding of higher education in specific 'education export' countries. We take Canada as an example of one of these countries, to illustrate how the marketization of internationalization in higher education is reproduced and contested within that context. We contrast how internationalization is articulated in Canada with the context of internationalization in Brazil. We offer the case of a Brazilian university - UNILA, the Federal …

Citizenship Education In A Fragile State: Ngo Programs For Democratic Development And Youth Participation In Haiti, Gary W.J. Pluim

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This research centres on NGO citizenship education programs in Haiti to better understand youth experiences, outcomes, and perceptions of democracy. The findings from this study illustrate how programs from Western-based NGOs with liberal democratic traditions typically construct citizenship education in relation to the individual agency of the learners, whereas youth living in the context of fragility note the prerequisite for stable social structures as a foundation for citizenship. Through multi-dimensional analyses, this article highlights the importance of historical perspectives, the value of comparing disparate societies, and the necessity to explicate social locations in cross-cultural research. The concluding proposition states that …

The Lead-Up To The Education For All Conference In 1990: Framing The Global Consensus, Vandra Lea Masemann

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper gives an account of the author's experience on the Steering Group of the Education for All Conference from 1989 to 1990. The main purpose is to give a firsthand account, based on primary sources, of the discussions that took place in the meetings and the editing of the documents leading up to the EFA Conference in Jomtien. This participant-observer account is based on draft documents circulated and verbatim notes taken during the preparation stage and the conference itself. The conclusion is that the original neo-liberal economic approach to improving basic education was retained in the final documents because …

Oise-Cidec-Ciesc 50-Year Relationship: Lessons Learned In Leadership, Mentorship, Partnerships, Identity And Innovation, Mary A. Drinkwater, Stephen Bahry, Teodora Ajanovska Gligorova, Melissa Beauregard, Wales Wong

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

As we approach the 50^th anniversary of CIESC, we heed Vandra Masemann’s call to “gather and reflect on our historical memory” and to strive to “build our identity and broaden our reach”. Data for this paper were gathered through a combination of interviews and document analysis. Interviews were conducted with 9 current and former OISE-CIDEC faculty and staff. Documents reviewed included: CIDEC newsletters, annual reports, director/co-director reports, CIE Journal and other academic journal article reviews, and book reviews. In order to trace the evolution of the relationship between OISE-CIDEC and CIESC, we undertook a chronological analysis broken into three …

50 Years Of The Ciesc - Looking Back And Envisioning Forward: Reflections From Past-Presidents, Cecille Depass, Nombuso Dlamini, Peter Fan, Marianne Larsen, Suzanne Majhanovich, Vandra Masemann, Deo Poonwassie, Allan Pitman, Sonia Aujla-Bhullar, Grazia Scoppio

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper stems from the panel of past Presidents of the Comparative and International Education Society (CIESC) that was part of the 2017 conference of the CIESC. The theme of the panel was “Looking Back, Visioning Forward: The Promise of Comparative and International Education” and the panelists were asked to present their perspectives based on their experiences as past Presidents of the Society. Their reflections were gathered to create this combined piece, in order to capture their insights on the past, present and future of comparative and international education.

"No Stopping The Gift Of Knowledge": Reflections On A Nālandā Concept Of International Education, Kumari Beck

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

no need for this

50 Years Of Comparative And International Education: Looking Back And Envisioning Forward, Grazia Scoppio, Marianne Larsen

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Spotlight On China: Changes In Education Under China’S Market Economy, Xiaoli Liu

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

In the past 30 years, China has been experiencing tremendous social, economic, and educational transformations. China has become one economic superpower in the world. How do China’s economic forces influence its education? Spotlight on China: Changes in Education under China’s Market Economy, edited by Shibao Guo and Yan Guo, provides an insightful analysis of the impact of the profound social and economic transformations on education in China.

Service-Learning In Egypt: Effects Of Demographics, Course Features, And Community Engagement On Civic And Developmental Outcomes For University Students, Neivin M. Shalabi Dr.

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Although service-learning is spreading in various geographic locations across the globe, the majority of extant literature is based in the U.S. Additionally, past research focused largely on investigating student outcomes through this pedagogy with little attention to exploring the impact of variations among service-learning courses and students. This study addressed these gaps by examining how individual differences among students, course characteristics, and overall community engagement may relate to civic and developmental outcomes for college students through service-learning. Sixty one students at a private university in Egypt completed survey questionnaires. Students’ Demographics and Course Characteristics Composites predicted students’ reports of enhanced …

Looking Beyond The Household: The Importance Of School Factors In Understanding Elementary Grade Retention In Rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Bushra Rahim

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper contributes to the limited literature on the educational outcomes of children in rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. It explores the impact of school-level factors such as physical resources, teachers and school characteristics on retention to the last grade of primary in the KP province for the time period 2007-12. Two sources of data were used to measure the retention rates. One of which is an official compilation of institutional data on education known as Education Management Information System (EMIS). The second data source, Annual Status of Education Reports (ASER), is a household data set with a rich set …

Employer Perspectives On Eal Employee Writing Problems, Jim Hu, Alana Hoare

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

In academic disciplines, content rather than writing accuracy is usually emphasized (Hyland, 2013), leaving many English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) students unmotivated to improve writing accuracy. However, the workplace may demand accurate and clear writing. Thus, Ferris (2002, 2011) calls for research into employers’ perspectives on inaccurate and unclear writing of EAL employees to help raise academic faculty and EAL student consciousness. To respond to Ferris' call, this study investigated: 1) employers’ expectations regarding writing accuracy of EAL employees, 2) EAL employees’ language problems in work-related writing, and 3) the impact of writing problems on EAL employees’ employment and career opportunities. The study …

Portrait Des Élèves Issus De L’Immigration En Milieu Scolaire Primaire Défavorisé, Kristel Tardif-Grenier, Isabelle Archambault, Christine Gervais

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Les élèves issus de l’immigration sont fortement susceptibles de fréquenter un établissement scolaire situé en milieu défavorisé. À Montréal, deux communautés y sont particulièrement présentes soit les élèves originaires d’Afrique du Nord et des Antilles. Ces élèves, une fois parvenus au secondaire, présentent un profil scolaire, familial et scolaire distinct. Nous en savons cependant bien peu sur ce qui caractérise ces élèves lorsqu’ils sont au primaire. Afin de contribuer au développement des connaissances à ce niveau, la présente étude compare deux groupes d’élèves dont les parents sont nés en Afrique du Nord (n= 98) et dans les Antilles ( …

Higher Education Development In India And China: South Asian, Sinic, And Pan-Asian Alternatives, Hantian Wu, Neville Panthaki

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This study investigates the development of higher education in India and China over three time periods: that of colonial India and semi-colonial China, that of the Cold War during which India was “non-aligned” and “new China” embraced Communism, and the period after India’s neoliberal economic reforms and China’s “reform and opening-up”. Our study focuses on the second period when the rationales for post-independent higher education policies were intimately connected to sovereignty. A historical cross-comparative analysis is being employed to discern similarities and differences between India’s and China’s development of higher education systems. The purpose of our study is to contextualize …

Who Governs The Internationalization Of Higher Education? A Comparative Analysis Of Macro-Regional Policies In Canada And The European Union, Merli Tamtik

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

The internationalization of higher education has become a politically strategic and economically promising policy area. As a result, the traditional authority and governance boundaries related to internationalization are becoming fluid. This paper focuses on the macro-regional internationalization strategies in Canada and the European Union (EU) in order to understand the changing dynamics of internationalization governance. By applying multi-level governance theory, the paper analyses and compares how internationalization is understood at the macro-regional level, revealing fundamental differences in the normative values. The findings indicate that while Canada is formulating an aggressive marketization approach to benefit from the intensified global competition, the …

Book Review: Spotlight On China: Chinese Education In The Globalized World, Jingzhou Liu

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Revisiting Multiculturalism In Canada, Geraldine Balzer

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

No abstract provided.