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2018

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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 1345

Full-Text Articles in Education

Authors' Response To Letter To The Editor: Anzjph‐2017‐248, Josephine Chau, Tien Chey, Sarah Burks-Young, Lina Engelen, Adrian E. Bauman Jan 2018

Authors' Response To Letter To The Editor: Anzjph‐2017‐248, Josephine Chau, Tien Chey, Sarah Burks-Young, Lina Engelen, Adrian E. Bauman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Authors' response to Letter to the Editor

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Connecting And Collaborating Across Oceania And Its Diaspora: A Shared Approach To Meaningful Development And Engagement, Jioji Ravulo Jan 2018

Connecting And Collaborating Across Oceania And Its Diaspora: A Shared Approach To Meaningful Development And Engagement, Jioji Ravulo

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Through this short, critical piece, I, as someone who comes from an Indigenous Pacific heritage, aim to challenge the way in which mainstream society positions societal problems as siloed, isolated from a structural, collective understanding of societal problems generally evident in Indigenous epistemologies. I suggest that by using an anti-oppressive social work practice approach where power imbalances are examined and understood within a wider context, we, as a Pacific community, are better equipped to create strategies and solutions that are inclusive of those traditionally not included in the conversation for change. We need to promote the importance of creating a …

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How Do People Belong In The Pacific? Introduction To This Issue, Camellia B. Webb-Gannon, Jioji Ravulo Jan 2018

How Do People Belong In The Pacific? Introduction To This Issue, Camellia B. Webb-Gannon, Jioji Ravulo

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In early 2016, the two editors of this issue met together to discuss our common research interests. At that time, one of us (Jioji Ravulo) was a Senior Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences and Psychology at Western Sydney University (WSU), and the other of us (Camellia Webb-Gannon) was a Research Fellow in the School of Humanities and Communication Arts at the same institution. Camellia, whose research focuses on decolonisation in Melanesia, had recently returned from the 2016 Australian Association for Pacific Studies (AAPS) conference in Cairns at which she had hoped she would meet other researchers of the …

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Co-Thought Gesturing Supports More Complex Problem Solving In Subjects With Lower Visual Working-Memory Capacity, Charly Eielts, Wim T. J. L Pouw, Kim Ouwehand, Tamara Van Gog, Rolf A. Zwaan, Fred Paas Jan 2018

Co-Thought Gesturing Supports More Complex Problem Solving In Subjects With Lower Visual Working-Memory Capacity, Charly Eielts, Wim T. J. L Pouw, Kim Ouwehand, Tamara Van Gog, Rolf A. Zwaan, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

During silent problem solving, hand gestures arise that have no communicative intent. The role of such co-thought gestures in cognition has been understudied in cognitive research as compared to co-speech gestures. We investigated whether gesticulation during silent problem solving supported subsequent performance in a Tower of Hanoi problem-solving task, in relation to visual working-memory capacity and task complexity. Seventy-six participants were assigned to either an instructed gesture condition or a condition that allowed them to gesture, but without explicit instructions to do so. This resulted in three gesture groups: (1) non-gesturing; (2) spontaneous gesturing; (3) instructed gesturing. In line with …

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Research Ethics, Informed Consent And The Disempowerment Of First Nation Peoples, Juan M. Tauri Jan 2018

Research Ethics, Informed Consent And The Disempowerment Of First Nation Peoples, Juan M. Tauri

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Recently, Indigenous commentators have begun to analyse the way in which institutional Research Ethics Boards (REBs) engage with Indigenous researchers and participants, respond to Indigenous peoples' concerns with academic research activities, and scrutinise the ethics proposals of Indigenous scholars. Of particular concern for Indigenous commentators is that the work of REBs often results in the marginalisation of Indigenous approaches to knowledge construction and dissemination, especially in relation to the vexed issue of informed consent. Based on analysis of the results of research with Indigenous researchers and research participants, this paper argues that institutionalised REBs' preference for 'universal' and 'individualised' approaches …

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Unhealthy Food And Non-Alcoholic Beverage Advertising On Children's, Youth And Family Free-To-Air And Digital Television Programmes In Thailand, Nongnuch Jaichuen, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Bridget Kelly, Vuthiphan Vongmongkol, Sirinya Phulkerd, Viroj Tangcharoensathien Jan 2018

Unhealthy Food And Non-Alcoholic Beverage Advertising On Children's, Youth And Family Free-To-Air And Digital Television Programmes In Thailand, Nongnuch Jaichuen, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Bridget Kelly, Vuthiphan Vongmongkol, Sirinya Phulkerd, Viroj Tangcharoensathien

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Food advertising is a key factor which influences children's food preferences. This study assessed the rates, nutritional quality and contents of food and beverage advertising in children's, youth and family television programmes in Thailand. Methods: Free TV was recorded for two weeks in March 2014 from six to ten am and three to eight pm on weekends and three to eight pm on weekdays across all four channels; a total of 344 h recorded. Digital TV was recorded across three channels for one week for 24 h per day in October 2014; a total 504 h recorded. Results: For …

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Rabies Response, One Health And More-Than-Human Considerations In Indigenous Communities In Northern Australia, Christopher J. Degeling, Victoria Brookes, Tess Lea, Michael P. Ward Jan 2018

Rabies Response, One Health And More-Than-Human Considerations In Indigenous Communities In Northern Australia, Christopher J. Degeling, Victoria Brookes, Tess Lea, Michael P. Ward

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Australia is currently canine rabies free; however, the spread of rabies in eastern Indonesia poses an increasing risk to northern Australia. Domestic dogs are numerous in East Arnhem Land (EAL) and the Northern Peninsular Area (NPA), usually unrestrained and living in close relationships with humans. The response to any rabies outbreak on Australian territory will focus on dog vaccination, controlling dog movements and depopulation. A One Health approach to zoonotic disease control should seek to co-promote human and animal health, whilst also seeking to accommodate the preferences of affected communities. We report on 5 collaborative workshops and 28 semi-structured interviews …

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Domain-Specific Physical Activity And Affective Wellbeing Among Adolescents: An Observational Study Of The Moderating Roles Of Autonomous And Controlled Motivation, Rhiannon L. White, Philip Parker, David R. Lubans, Freya Macmillan, Rebecca Olson, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Chris Lonsdale Jan 2018

Domain-Specific Physical Activity And Affective Wellbeing Among Adolescents: An Observational Study Of The Moderating Roles Of Autonomous And Controlled Motivation, Rhiannon L. White, Philip Parker, David R. Lubans, Freya Macmillan, Rebecca Olson, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Chris Lonsdale

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Abundant evidence demonstrates a relationship between physical activity and mental wellbeing. However, the strength of the relationship is not consistent. Factors contributing to variation in the strength of association are not well understood and, therefore, it remains difficult to optimize physical activity to ensure the strongest possible relationship with mental health. Self-determination theory suggests that more autonomously motivated behaviors lead to better mental health outcomes, when compared to more controlled behaviors. Therefore, we examined whether autonomous and controlled motivation moderated the relationships between physical activity and affective wellbeing within two domains (i.e., leisure-time and active travel). Methods: Between February …

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Food Insecurity Among Older Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islanders, Jeromey Temple, Joanna Russell Jan 2018

Food Insecurity Among Older Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islanders, Jeromey Temple, Joanna Russell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

It is well established that Indigenous populations are at a heightened risk of food insecurity. Yet, although populations (both Indigenous and non-Indigenous) are ageing, little is understood about the levels of food insecurity experienced by older Indigenous peoples. Using Australian data, this study examined the prevalence and correlates of food insecurity among older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. Using nationally representative data, we employed ordinal logistic regression models to investigate the association between socio-demographic characteristics and food insecurity. We found that 21% of the older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population were food insecure, with 40% of this group exposed …

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Constructions Of Alcohol Consumption By Non-Problematised Middle-Aged Drinkers: A Qualitative Systematic Review, Emma Muhlack, Drew Carter, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Nicholas Morfidis, Jaklin Eliott Jan 2018

Constructions Of Alcohol Consumption By Non-Problematised Middle-Aged Drinkers: A Qualitative Systematic Review, Emma Muhlack, Drew Carter, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Nicholas Morfidis, Jaklin Eliott

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Current research into alcohol consumption focuses predominantly on problematic drinkers and populations considered likely to engage in risky behaviours. Middle-aged drinkers are an under-researched group, despite emerging evidence that their regular drinking patterns may carry some risk. Methods We searched Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Ovid PsycInfo for peer-reviewed, English-language publications appearing prior to 31 December 2015 and relating to the construction of alcohol consumption by middle-aged non-problematised drinkers. Thirteen papers were included in our thematic analysis. Results Middle-aged non-problematised drinkers constructed their drinking practices by creating a narrative of normative drinking via discourses of gender, identity, play, and learning …

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Importance Of Welfare And Ethics Competence Regarding Animals Kept For Scientific Purposes To Veterinary Students In Australia And New Zealand, Teresa Collins, Amelia Cornish, Jennifer Hood, Christopher J. Degeling, Andrew D. Fisher, Rafael Freire, Susan J. Hazel, Jane Johnson, Janice Lloyd, Clive J. C Phillips, Vicky Tzioumis, Paul Mcgreevy Jan 2018

Importance Of Welfare And Ethics Competence Regarding Animals Kept For Scientific Purposes To Veterinary Students In Australia And New Zealand, Teresa Collins, Amelia Cornish, Jennifer Hood, Christopher J. Degeling, Andrew D. Fisher, Rafael Freire, Susan J. Hazel, Jane Johnson, Janice Lloyd, Clive J. C Phillips, Vicky Tzioumis, Paul Mcgreevy

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Veterinarians are in a strong position of social influence on animal-related issues. Hence, veterinary schools have an opportunity to raise animal health and welfare standards by improving veterinary students' animal welfare and ethics (AWE) education, including that related to animals used for scientific purposes. A survey of 818 students in the early, mid, and senior stages of their courses at all eight veterinary schools across Australia and New Zealand was undertaken on their first day of practice (or Day One Competences) to explore how veterinary students viewed the importance of their competence in the management of welfare and ethical decision-making …

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Ranking Of Production Animalwelfare And Ethics Issues In Australia And New Zealand By Veterinary Students, Amelia Cornish, Andrew D. Fisher, Teresa Collins, Christopher J. Degeling, Rafael Freire, Susan J. Hazel, Jennifer Hood, Janice Lloyd, Clive J. C Phillips, Kevin Stafford, Vicky Tzioumis, Paul Mcgreevy Jan 2018

Ranking Of Production Animalwelfare And Ethics Issues In Australia And New Zealand By Veterinary Students, Amelia Cornish, Andrew D. Fisher, Teresa Collins, Christopher J. Degeling, Rafael Freire, Susan J. Hazel, Jennifer Hood, Janice Lloyd, Clive J. C Phillips, Kevin Stafford, Vicky Tzioumis, Paul Mcgreevy

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The importance of animal welfare and ethics (AWE) within the veterinary education should reflect community concerns and expectations about AWE, and the professional demands of veterinary accreditation on the first day of practice (or 'Day One' competences). Currently, much interest and debate surrounds the treatment of production animals, particularly around live export. To explore the attitudes to AWE of veterinary students in Australia and New Zealand, a survey was undertaken to (i) understand what students consider important AWE topics for initial production animal competence; and (ii) ascertain how these priorities correlated with gender, area of intended practice and stage-of-study. The …

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Improving Interns' Patient-Physician Communication Skills: Application Of Self-Efficacy Theory, A Pilot Study, Fazlollah Ghofranipour, Saeideh Ghaffarifar, Fazlollah Ahmadi, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Amirhossein Akbarzadeh Jan 2018

Improving Interns' Patient-Physician Communication Skills: Application Of Self-Efficacy Theory, A Pilot Study, Fazlollah Ghofranipour, Saeideh Ghaffarifar, Fazlollah Ahmadi, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Amirhossein Akbarzadeh

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aim: This quasi-experimental study explored application of the self-efficacy theory in improving self-efficacy, communication skills and patient satisfaction among medical interns. Methods: This study was conducted among 70 medical intern students. Being selected by human judgment and homogenous sampling method, participants were assigned into control and intervention groups. Participants in the invention group received an e-book, two one-on-one training sessions and feedback on their shared experiences in group discussions by peers. The Kirkpatrick model was applied to evaluate the intervention. Participants' knowledge, self-efficacy and communication skills as well as their patients' satisfaction were assessed. Data from self and observational assessments …

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Supporting Youth Wellbeing With A Focus On Eating Well And Being Active: Views From An Aboriginal Community Deliberative Forum, Jacqueline M. Street, Heather Cox, Edilene Lopes, Jessie Motlik, Lisa Hanson Jan 2018

Supporting Youth Wellbeing With A Focus On Eating Well And Being Active: Views From An Aboriginal Community Deliberative Forum, Jacqueline M. Street, Heather Cox, Edilene Lopes, Jessie Motlik, Lisa Hanson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: Including and prioritising community voice in policy development means policy is more likely to reflect community values and priorities. This project trialled and evaluated a storyboard approach in a deliberative community forum to engage Australian Aboriginal people in health policy priority setting. Methods: The forum was co-constructed with two Aboriginal community-controlled organisations. A circle storyboard was used to centre Aboriginal community knowledge and values and encourage the group to engage with broader perspectives and evidence. The forum asked a diverse (descriptively representative) group of Aboriginal people in a rural town what governments should do to support the wellbeing of …

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A Checklist For Managed Access Programmes For Reimbursement Co-Designed By Canadian Patients And Caregivers, Andrea Young, Devidas Menon, Jacqueline M. Street, Walla Al-Hertani, Tania Stafinski Jan 2018

A Checklist For Managed Access Programmes For Reimbursement Co-Designed By Canadian Patients And Caregivers, Andrea Young, Devidas Menon, Jacqueline M. Street, Walla Al-Hertani, Tania Stafinski

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Introduction: Reimbursement decisions on orphan drugs carry significant uncertainty, and as the amount increases, so does the risk of making a wrong decision, where harms outweigh benefits. Consequently, patients often face limited access to orphan drugs. Managed access programmes (MAPs) are a mechanism for managing risk while enabling access to potentially beneficial drugs. Patients and their caregivers have expressed support for these programmes and see patient input as critical to successful implementation. However, they have yet to be systematically involved in their design. Objective: The aim of this study was to co-design with patients and caregivers a tool for the …

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Village Community Mobilization Is Associated With Reduced Hiv Incidence In Young South African Women Participating In The Hptn 068 Study Cohort, Sheri Lippman, Anna Leddy, Torsten Neilands, Jennifer Ahern, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Ryan Wagner, Dean Peacock, Rhian Twine, Dana Goin, F Gomez-Olive, Amanda Selin, Stephen Tollman, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey Pettifor Jan 2018

Village Community Mobilization Is Associated With Reduced Hiv Incidence In Young South African Women Participating In The Hptn 068 Study Cohort, Sheri Lippman, Anna Leddy, Torsten Neilands, Jennifer Ahern, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Ryan Wagner, Dean Peacock, Rhian Twine, Dana Goin, F Gomez-Olive, Amanda Selin, Stephen Tollman, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey Pettifor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Introduction: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa bear a disproportionate burden of HIV. Community mobilization (CM), defined as community members taking collective action to achieve a common goal related to health, equity and rights, has been associated with increased HIV testing and condom use and has been called a 'critical enabler' for addressing the HIV epidemic. However, limited research has examined whether CM is associated with HIV incidence among AGYW. Methods: We examine the association of CM with incident HIV among AGYW (ages 13 to 21) enrolled in the HPTN 068 cohort in the Agincourt Health and …

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Rebel Music: The Protest Songs Of New Caledonia's Independence Referendum, Michael Webb, Camellia B. Webb-Gannon Jan 2018

Rebel Music: The Protest Songs Of New Caledonia's Independence Referendum, Michael Webb, Camellia B. Webb-Gannon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

On November 4, New Caledonians will go to the polls to vote for either continued French governance, or independence.

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Residential Green Space Quantity And Quality And Symptoms Of Psychological Distress: A 15-Year Longitudinal Study Of 3897 Women In Postpartum, Xiaoqi Feng, Thomas E. Astell-Burt Jan 2018

Residential Green Space Quantity And Quality And Symptoms Of Psychological Distress: A 15-Year Longitudinal Study Of 3897 Women In Postpartum, Xiaoqi Feng, Thomas E. Astell-Burt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Experiments and large-scale epidemiological studies indicate the importance of green space for mental health. However, little research has been conducted to elucidate whether these mental health benefits are more dependent upon the quantity or quality of the green space. Methods: Symptoms of psychological distress were measured in 3897 women who did not change neighbourhood up to 15 years postpartum using the Kessler 6 psychological distress scale from 2004 onwards. The percentage land-use of the neighbourhood was used to ascertain a measure of green space quantity. A Likert scale was used to measure green space quality in response to the …

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Weed Hygiene Practices In Rural Industries And Public Land Management: Variable Knowledge, Patchy Implementation, Inconsistent Coordination, Nicholas J. Gill, Sonia Graham, Rebecca Cross, Eli M. Taylor Jan 2018

Weed Hygiene Practices In Rural Industries And Public Land Management: Variable Knowledge, Patchy Implementation, Inconsistent Coordination, Nicholas J. Gill, Sonia Graham, Rebecca Cross, Eli M. Taylor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Weed management science and practice largely focuses on eradicating, containing and reducing existing weed populations; the focus is on plants in situ. More recently, the redefinition of biosecurity to include weeds has seen greater attention paid to preventing the introduction of weeds to previously uninfested areas within countries. Thus weed hygiene has come to the fore, with a growing number of publications recommending a diverse range of practices to minimise the spread of weeds across farm, regional and state boundaries. Yet little is known about the uptake of weed hygiene practices. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the …

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Assembling Placemaking: Making And Remaking Place In A Regenerating City, Jill Sweeney, Kathy Mee, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Kristian J. Ruming Jan 2018

Assembling Placemaking: Making And Remaking Place In A Regenerating City, Jill Sweeney, Kathy Mee, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Kristian J. Ruming

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Placemaking is increasingly drawn upon by planners, city authorities and citizens as a means of reclaiming, remaking and regenerating urban space. Yet understandings of placemaking and the work it may entail can vary markedly. Often, planning discourse and placemaking literature conceive of placemaking as a singular material change to a landscape, a project that is complete once installation has finished. In contrast, we see placemaking as an open-ended achievement, constituted through diverse and dynamic assemblages and realised through a multiplicity of post-installation labours. We draw on a case study of Newcastle, Australia, to highlight these labours, the affective, contingent work …

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Climate Change: Nauru's Life On The Frontlines, Anja M. Kanngieser Jan 2018

Climate Change: Nauru's Life On The Frontlines, Anja M. Kanngieser

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

International perceptions of the Pacific Island nation of Nauru are dominated by two interrelated stories. Until the turn of the century, it was the dramatic boom and bust of Nauru's phosphate mine, and the mismanagement of its considerable wealth, that captured global attention.

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Labour Geographies Of Workplace Restructuring: An Intra‐Labour Analysis, Andrew T. Warren Jan 2018

Labour Geographies Of Workplace Restructuring: An Intra‐Labour Analysis, Andrew T. Warren

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Informed by labour geography's thrust to situate workers as active subjects of analysis, this article examines lived experiences of restructuring at Australia's single largest industrial workplace. Drawing on extended ethnographic research, the article traverses three restructuring outcomes faced by workers and their families: (1) job retention; (2) redundancy; and (3) re‐employment. Amid the turbulence and uncertainty of a major workplace restructuring episode, workers' different lived experiences illuminate uneven intra‐labour power relations. As capitalist workplaces are re‐organised and labour processes redefined, more conflictual and divisive relationships often develop among groups of workers differentially positioned within the hierarchical labour markets of large …

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Why Do I Think My Team Is Capable? A Study Of Some Antecedents Of Team Members' Personal Collective Efficacy Beliefs, Seyyed B. Alavi, John Mccormick Jan 2018

Why Do I Think My Team Is Capable? A Study Of Some Antecedents Of Team Members' Personal Collective Efficacy Beliefs, Seyyed B. Alavi, John Mccormick

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Few studies have been conducted about team members' individual beliefs of their team's collective efficacy (personal collective efficacy). We argue that this individual belief is a motivational factor for teamwork along with self-efficacy for teamwork. This study investigated relationships between personal collective efficacy, self-efficacy for teamwork, collective orientations and perceptions of self in relation to other team members. In addition, relationships between personal collective efficacy and team members' perceptions of team activities namely evaluating and integrating were explored. Multilevel analysis was employed in order to account for team level variation when testing individual level relationships. Eighty-six university student teams were …

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Potatoes Consumption And Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis, Yuanming Zhang, Dingyun You, Nanjia Lu, Donghui Duan, Xiaoqi Feng, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Pan Zhu, Liyuan Han, Shiwei Duan, Zuquan Zou Jan 2018

Potatoes Consumption And Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis, Yuanming Zhang, Dingyun You, Nanjia Lu, Donghui Duan, Xiaoqi Feng, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Pan Zhu, Liyuan Han, Shiwei Duan, Zuquan Zou

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Evidence of increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk associated with potatoes consumption is equivocal. We aimed to perform a meta-analyses on the association between potatoes consumption and T2D risk in prospective cohort studies. Methods: Studies published prior to 31 Aug 2016 were identified in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) based upon the highest vs. lowest category of potatoes consumption in each study were calculated in meta-analysis using random-effects models. Dose-response meta-analysis was fitted using generalized least squares regression in order to quantify the association between potatoes consumption and T2D …

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A Narrative Review Of School-Based Physical Activity For Enhancing Cognition And Learning: The Importance Of Relevancy And Integration, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Margina Ruiter, Mirko Schmidt, Anthony D. Okely, Sofie M. M Loyens, Paul A. Chandler, Fred Paas Jan 2018

A Narrative Review Of School-Based Physical Activity For Enhancing Cognition And Learning: The Importance Of Relevancy And Integration, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Margina Ruiter, Mirko Schmidt, Anthony D. Okely, Sofie M. M Loyens, Paul A. Chandler, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Engaging in regular physical activity can have substantial cognitive and academic benefits for children, and is generally promoted for its beneficial effects on children's physical and mental health. Although embodied cognition research has convincingly shown the integral relationship of the human body and mind, in schools physical activity and cognitive activity are typically treated as unrelated processes. Consequently, most physical activities used are neither sufficiently relevant for nor fully integrated into the learning tasks. In reviewing the literature regarding the integration of physical activity into education to promote cognition and learning, two main lines of research emerged: exercise and cognition …

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Men's Perspectives On The Impact Of Female-Directed Cash Transfers On Gender Relations: Findings From The Hptn 068 Qualitative Study, Makhosazane Nomhle Khoza, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Fiona Scorgie, Jennifer Hove, Amanda Selin, John Imrie, Rhian Twine, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey Pettifor, Catherine L. Mac Phail Jan 2018

Men's Perspectives On The Impact Of Female-Directed Cash Transfers On Gender Relations: Findings From The Hptn 068 Qualitative Study, Makhosazane Nomhle Khoza, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Fiona Scorgie, Jennifer Hove, Amanda Selin, John Imrie, Rhian Twine, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey Pettifor, Catherine L. Mac Phail

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

HIV is an inherently gendered disease in eastern and southern Africa, not only because more women than men are infected, but also because socially constructed gender norms work to increase women's HIV-infection risk. The provision of cash transfers to young women alone in such a context adds another dimension to already existing complex social relations where patriarchal values are entrenched, gender inequality is the norm, and violence against women and girls is pervasive. It raises concerns about complicating young women's relationships with their male partners or possibly even setting them up for more violence. In our attempt to understand how …

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Teacher Disposition Scale (Tds): Construction And Psychometric Validation, Conor West, Amanda Ann Baker, John F. Ehrich, Stuart Woodcock, Sahar Bokosmaty, Steven J. Howard, Michelle J. Eady Jan 2018

Teacher Disposition Scale (Tds): Construction And Psychometric Validation, Conor West, Amanda Ann Baker, John F. Ehrich, Stuart Woodcock, Sahar Bokosmaty, Steven J. Howard, Michelle J. Eady

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Despite the growing prominence and importance of the field of teacher dispositions for addressing selection criteria and assessment in educational research, there is an absence of psychometrically evaluated instruments to facilitate investigations. Furthermore, research thus far has not explored the relationship between teacher dispositions and better student outcomes. To address this paucity, key dispositional factors conducive to successful teaching and learning were identified through interviewing high performing teachers. Based on the interview, data a 24-item Teacher Disposition Scale (TDS) was constructed consisting of five dimensions: Motivation to teach; Teacher efficacy; Willingness to learn; Conscientiousness; and Interpersonal and communication skill. The …

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How Much Free Sugar Do Australians Consume? Findings From A National Survey, Adyya Gupta, Lisa Smithers, A J. Braunack-Mayer, Jane Harford Jan 2018

How Much Free Sugar Do Australians Consume? Findings From A National Survey, Adyya Gupta, Lisa Smithers, A J. Braunack-Mayer, Jane Harford

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To identify the characteristics of Australian adults exceeding the World Health Organization’s free sugar (FS) intake recommendations of <10% and compare the sources of FS among those exceeding (high FS consumers) and complying (low FS consumers) with the recommendations. Method: Nationally weighted data from the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011-12 was used to describe the proportions of FS consumption and sources of FS among adults aged ≥18 years (n=9,435) across demographic, socioeconomic and health behavioural subgroups. Six categories of food groups likely to contain FS were generated and analysed. Results: Almost half of all adults (47%) were high FS consumers. More than one-third of adults in each demographic, socioeconomic and health behaviour subgroup were high FS consumers. Of the food groups containing FS, beverages contributed the most FS (37%), particularly for young adults (48%). High FS consumers obtained twice as much FS from beverages (42%) than low FS consumers (21%). A reverse age gradient was observed for the FS sourced from beverages. Conclusions: Almost half the Australians surveyed exceeded the FS intake recommendations. Sugary beverages were the largest source of FS, with young adults being the highest consumers. Implications for public health: Whole population strategies targeting beverages could possibly reduce Australia’s high sugar intake.

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Manual Handling In Aged Care: Impact Of Environment-Related Interventions On Mobility, Robyn Coman, Carlo Caponecchia, Andrew S. Mcintosh Jan 2018

Manual Handling In Aged Care: Impact Of Environment-Related Interventions On Mobility, Robyn Coman, Carlo Caponecchia, Andrew S. Mcintosh

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The manual handling of people (MHP) is known to be associated with high incidence of musculoskeletal disorders for aged care staff. Environment-related MHP interventions, such as appropriate seated heights to aid sit-to-stand transfers, can reduce staff injury while improving the patient's mobility. Promoting patient mobility within the manual handling interaction is an endorsed MHP risk control intervention strategy. This article provides a narrative review of the types of MHP environmental controls that can improve mobility, as well as the extent to which these environmental controls are considered in MHP risk management and assessment tools. Although a range of possible environmental …

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Effect Of Cannabis Use In People With Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Prescribed Opioids: Findings From A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study, Gabrielle Campbell, Wayne Hall, Amy Peacock, Nicholas Lintzeris, Raimondo Bruno, Briony K. Larance, Suzanne Nielsen, Milton Cohen, Gary Chan, Richard P. Mattick, Fiona Blyth, Marian D. Shanahan, Timothy Dobbins, Michael P. Farrell, Louisa Degenhardt Jan 2018

Effect Of Cannabis Use In People With Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Prescribed Opioids: Findings From A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study, Gabrielle Campbell, Wayne Hall, Amy Peacock, Nicholas Lintzeris, Raimondo Bruno, Briony K. Larance, Suzanne Nielsen, Milton Cohen, Gary Chan, Richard P. Mattick, Fiona Blyth, Marian D. Shanahan, Timothy Dobbins, Michael P. Farrell, Louisa Degenhardt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Interest in the use of cannabis and cannabinoids to treat chronic non-cancer pain is increasing, because of their potential to reduce opioid dose requirements. We aimed to investigate cannabis use in people living with chronic non-cancer pain who had been prescribed opioids, including their reasons for use and perceived effectiveness of cannabis; associations between amount of cannabis use and pain, mental health, and opioid use; the effect of cannabis use on pain severity and interference over time; and potential opioid-sparing effects of cannabis. Methods The Pain and Opioids IN Treatment study is a prospective, national, observational cohort of people …

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