Education Commons^™

Extract:  When learners start a target language (TL) course, they are normally ".....quite unprepared for the challenge of a foreign language situation, full of self-doubt.." (Dougill 1987: 146). They feel a sense of unease and uncertainty as they wrestle with the new sounds and structures. They find it difficult to convey messages in the same spontaneous fashion that they can in their own languages. As they stutter and stammer in the foreign language (FL), it is natural for them to experience a sense of failure, thus resulting in a loss of confidence.