Business Commons^™

United States: Transaction Account Guarantee Program, Ezekiel Vergara

Journal of Financial Crises

The collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008 led many uninsured depositors to withdraw their funds from US banks that they perceived as troubled. To reassure depositors, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), on October 14, 2008, guaranteed certain debt and deposits through its Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP). The Temporary Account Guarantee Program (TAGP) was one component of the TLGP. Through the TAGP, the FDIC provided unlimited insurance to noninterest-bearing transaction accounts (NIBTAs) and other low-interest-bearing accounts. On October 3, 2008, the US Congress had increased the limit on insured deposits to $250,000. By guaranteeing these accounts in full, …

Tariffs, Trade Wars, And Protective Barriers: Should Louisianans Be Worried?, Albert D. Clark

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

This paper is designed to give an overview as to how Tariffs as proposed and enacted by our current Federal Government came about and why citizens both in the U.S. and in the State of Louisiana might be affected.

The Us Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (Scap) And Capital Assistance Program (Cap), Aidan Lawson

Journal of Financial Crises

Due to continued stress during the Global Financial Crisis, the US Treasury released a series of additional measures in February 2009 that included a mandatory stress test for major U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), backed by government capital. The stress test, known as the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP), tested the capital adequacy of the 19 U.S. BHCs that had more than $100 billion in assets. A large interagency team of regulators and other experts estimated losses and income under two hypothetical scenarios for the group of BHCs: a baseline that reflected the consensus belief about the course of the …

Us Reconstruction Finance Corporation: Preferred Stock Purchase Program, Aidan Lawson

Journal of Financial Crises

By March 1933, the early collateralized lending programs of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) had failed to prevent the recurrence of bank runs and panic in US financial markets. These conditions forced newly elected President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to call for a nationwide bank holiday from March 6 to March 9. On the final day of the holiday, a special session of Congress passed the Emergency Banking Act (EBA), which gave the RFC the power to make investments via preferred equity of distressed institutions. Under the EBA, the RFC could subscribe to and make loans on cumulative non-assessable preferred stock …

Global Journey To Post-Pandemic Normalcy And Revival, Andrzej Sankowski

Journal of Global Awareness

After a year of COVID-19, countries, societies, and individuals are longing for normalcy and beginning to consider what life will be like post-pandemic. Efforts and experiences of countries in the European Union, Asia, Asia-Pacific, Australia, Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the United States are examined as they face challenges to end the pandemic and prepare for the post-pandemic reality. What will be the post-pandemic "new normalcy"? What changes caused by the pandemic are permanent in societies and the world? What are the necessary reforms that have to take place as part of normalcy? Reflections on the impacts of vaccinations, …

Tanner Colby, Some Of My Best Friends Are Black (2012), James W. Gentry

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of The Commercial Real Estate Market In A Post Covid-19 World, Brandon Croom, Sean Kennedy, Sandesh Ojha, Justin Sparks

SMU Data Science Review

The volatility in the commercial real estate market has been greatly influenced by the new societal practices brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has added additional factors to already complex modeling to value and predict commercial real estate prices. Although multiple methodologies have been applied to commercial real estate valuation, these methods have not yet taken the COVID-19 pandemic factor into account. The main contribution of this article lies in developing an application for commercial real estate valuation which includes the COVID-19 pandemic factor. Thought this article a Hedonic model was developed to compare the impacts of …

Talking Foreign Policy: The U.S.--Iran Crisis, Tfp Radio Broadcast (Jan. 20, 2020)

The International Journal of Ethical Leadership

No abstract provided.

Reflections On Globalization From Behind The Closed Quarantined Door, Andrzej Sankowski

Journal of Global Awareness

There are opinions that coronavirus will cause the end of globalization. Using examples of the European Union’s and the United States’ reaction to the pandemic crisis and other factors, this essay argues that the coronavirus will not destroy globalization but transform it into another form. This essay identifies some evolving trends and indicators triggering certain processes and suggests directions and solutions that seem to be emerging. Conditions before and reactions to the pandemic are influencing the process and the outcomes.

Promising Practices For Boating Safety Initiatives That Target Indigenous Peoples In New Zealand, Australia, The United States Of America, And Canada, Mitchell Crozier, Audrey R. Giles

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Boating-related incidents are responsible for a significant number of the drowning fatalities that occur within Indigenous communities in New Zealand, Australia, the USA, and Canada. The aim of this paper was to identify promising practices for boating safety initiatives that target Indigenous peoples within these countries and evaluate past and ongoing boating safety initiatives delivered to/with Indigenous peoples within these countries to suggest the ways in which they – or programs that follow them - may be more effective. Based upon evidence from previous research, boating safety initiatives that target Indigenous peoples in New Zealand, Australia, the USA, and Canada …

Foreign Direct Investment In The United States: Interest Rate And Exchange Rate, David Y. Chen

Southern Business Review

David Y. Chen, Ph.D., is an associate professor, Department of Economics and Transportation/ Logistics. North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411.

Ethically Questionable Consumer Behaviors: Korean And American Perspectives, Jungki Lee, Sam Fullerton

Asia Marketing Journal

This study compares the ethical inclination regarding consumer misbehaviors from two countries with contrasting cultural characteristics. National samples of South Korean and American adults provided their perceptions of the appropriateness of 12 ethically questionable consumer actions. The scenarios ranged from illegal actions, such as fraudulently inflating one’s losses when filing an insurance claim to legal, yet questionable, actions such as purchasing an item that the buyer recognizes as having been mispriced. The 12 scenarios exhibited a wide range of mean responses in both countries, thereby supporting the oft-stated premise that consumer ethics is a situational phenomenon. Findings indicate not only …

Government Ownership Of Banks: A Curse Or A Blessing For The United States?, Yueh-Ping (Alex) Yang

William & Mary Business Law Review

During the Financial Crisis of 2007–2008, the Treasury injected an enormous amount of capital and held equity in 707 financial institutions to stabilize the U.S. financial system. The government’s large-scale ownership of banks alarmed the U.S. banking sector. The mainstream opinion in the United States strongly opposed this practice, mostly due to the distrust of the government and the fear that government intervention would jeopardize private shareholders’ interests. Later developments, including the Treasury’s quick exit from its holdings and the Dodd-Frank Act’s declaration of the end of bailouts, suggest that the U.S. government eventually succumbed to the mainstream opinion.

Such …

Discussion On The Differences Between U.S And Chinese Management Styles, Bazil Cunningham

Global Tides

In an increasingly globalized world, conducting business with leaders from various parts of the world is inevitable. An understanding of the managerial styles of leaders is imperative to the long-term success and influence of an international corporation. This paper will introduce the managerial styles of executives from U.S and Chinese based companies and point out the variations in style that exist. Information received from interviews with Chinese and U.S managers will assist in determining the differences between each style. The synthesis of qualitative research analysis and scholarly data will aid in forming the argument as to whether both styles can …

Given Today's New Wave Of Protectionsim, Is Antitrust Law The Last Hope For Preserving A Free Global Economy Or Another Nail In Free Trade's Coffin?, Allison Murray

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Venezuela Undermines Gold Miner Crystallex's Attempts To Recover On Its Icsid Award, Sam Wesson

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Migration From Mexico To The Us: The Impacts Of Nafta On Mexico And The United States And What To Do Going Forward, Ashley A. Elsasser

International Review of Business and Economics

Research indicates four main causes for migration from Mexico to the United States: Incredibly high crime rates, unemployment, poverty rates, and natural disasters. The first two are especially important in regards to trade between the two border sharing countries. Since agreeing to virtually total free trade, the United States has been able to take advantage of Mexico in such a way that has created further deterioration of the state. If the government of Mexico cannot resurrect the thousands of personal business that were effected do to NAFTA, the U.S. cannot expect for migration from Mexico to deteriorate or halt. By …

Collective Narcissism, Anti-Globalism, Brexit, Trump, And The Chinese Juggernaut, Russell Belk

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

Brexit and the election of Trump both relied on a particular type of nationalistic appeal to collective narcissism — an exaggerated emotional belief that the nation’s greatness is being undermined by other nations and other people. This tendency is catered to by appeals to make the nation great again by shutting borders and embracing isolationism while scapegoating refugees and immigrants. The rise of jingoistic leaders like Trump, Putin, and Erdogan can be explained by such appeals. But China, which has long suffered feelings of national humiliation is reacting in quite different ways that embrace globalism, even while rejecting multiculturalism. This …

You Can’T Stop What You Can’T See: Complementary Risk Mitigation Through Compensation Disclosure, Matt Reeder

William & Mary Business Law Review

Section 956 of the Dodd-Frank Act requires regulators to help prevent the next financial crisis by monitoring executive compensation arrangements to prevent them from becoming excessive or leading to “material financial loss.” A now-pending rule seeks to do just this. This Article argues that the rule is well-conceived inasmuch as it limits the total portion of compensation that can be based on risk-inducing incentives, ties incentive-based compensation to longer-term performance, places a ceiling on potential incentivebased earnings, provides for downward adjustment and clawbacks, prohibits many hedging behaviors, and institutionalizes governance mechanisms and oversight policies. But, by placing a number of …

Comparative Empirical Analysis On Computer Software Piracy Behaviors Between China And The United States: An Exploratory Study, Xiang Fang, Sooun Lee

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Using the data collected from several universities in China and the United States, which have drastically different piracy rates, economic development stages, income levels, and national cultures, this study aims to identify which demographic factors affect software piracy significantly. Totally, the dataset includes 600 valid responses. Multivariate data analysis, supported by Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Turkey’s test, reveals that among various factors, country difference and gender most significantly influence software piracy. In addition, this study offers recommendations on how to curb software piracy effectively.

Burgers, Doughnuts, And Expatriations: An Analysis Of The Tax Inversion Epidemic And A Solution Presented Through The Lens Of The Burger King-Tim Hortons Merger, Chris Capurso

William & Mary Business Law Review

Currently, the concept of tax inversion is a major corporate phenomenon. In the United States, companies pay taxes on all earnings, whether or not they were accumulated here. With one of the highest corporate tax rates in the world, this is a major expense for U.S. corporations competing in the world market. While most companies simply deal with the tax burden, some U.S. corporations buy foreign companies and relocate the company headquarters to the acquisition’s home country. This corporate expatriation allows companies to avoid U.S. taxes on earnings in a number of ways. This Note will examine tax inversion through …

Secrets Of The Trade: The Facts Behind The Tpp And Why It’S Important For America’S Future, Travis Cady

Ex-Patt Magazine

The Tran-Pacific Partnership is one of the cornerstones of President Obama’s foreign policy. Find out what makes the deal so controversial and why it has the potential to shape America’s future in the Asia-Pacific.

From Ike To Obama: The Perpetual Pivot Of American Foreign Policy, Leslie Stubbs

Ex-Patt Magazine

America’s touted “Pivot to Asia” marks a rebalance of US foreign policy, but it’s hardly the first time America has shifted its international focus - What the Eisenhower administration can tell us about contemporary.

Performance Gaps Between U.S. And European Casinos: A Comparative Study, Zheng Gu

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

Recent years have seen the fast spread of legalized gaming throughout the world. Amid the frenzied gaming boom, new casinos have mushroomed on every continent. Casinos in different continents operate in different legal and market environments and may have performed quite differently. This study examines the performance results of U. S. casinos, those in Nevada and on the Las Vegas Strip in particular, in comparison with Dutch and French casinos in 1998. It was found that Dutch and French casinos outperformed U. S. casinos in both revenue efficiency and profitability. Noncompetitive European gaming markets most likely have helped European casinos …

Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights: A Methodology For Understanding The Enforcement Problem In China, Justin Mccabe

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] “Intellectual property rights are neither protected nor enforced in strict uniformity throughout the world. However, it can be said that in most developed countries, intellectual property is preciously guarded, as evidenced by a plethora of intellectual property statutes, penalties for infringement, and consistent attempts to convince less developed nations to adopt strong—or stronger—intellectual property protections. Despite continued vigilance by developed countries in bringing about increased international harmony among intellectual property regimes, some developing countries sustain questionable enforcement policies. What the driving force is behind intellectual property enforcement policies—or more appropriately, the lack thereof—is a matter of disagreement. In order …

The Tale Of Iranian Entrepreneurs In The United States, Keramat Poorsoltan

New England Journal of Entrepreneurship

In practice and in theory, as the findings of this research reveal, the Iranian business community is a new and different, nonconforming immigrant group in the United States. This study explores certain aspects of the Iranian business community in light of a survey done by the author.The article compares and contrasts findings of the survey with those of existing literature that has been written about the business communities of various ethnic groups. The results of this study disagree with the literature in most areas. One difference is that the Iranian business community in the United States does not fit into …

Flexibilization, Globalization, And Privatization: Three Challenges To Labour Rights In Our Time, Katherine V. W. Stone

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Three dynamics are coalescing to reshape labour relations in the twenty-first century in the United States: They are flexibilization, globalization, and privatization. Flexibilization refers to the changing work practices by which firms no longer use internal labour markets or implicitly promise employees lifetime job security, but rather seek flexible employment relations that permit them to increase or diminish their workforce, and reassign and redeploy employees with ease. Globalization refers to the increase in cross-border transactions in the production and marketing of goods and services that facilitates firm relocation to low labour cost countries. And privatization refers to the rise of …

Creating A New Program In Entrepreneurship Education: A Case Study In Colombia, Kirk C. Heriot, Noel D. Campbell

New England Journal of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship has been widely recognized as having greatly influenced the United States. Its influence has especially been documented over the past 20 years. Paralleling our societal interest in entrepreneurship has been increasing interest in entrepreneurship education. While our interest in entrepreneurship education has grown considerably over the past two decades, this field of study continues to have critics both within and outside of schools and colleges of business (Kuratko 2004). In spite of these criticisms, some researchers suggest that the United States is still far ahead of other regions of the world in terms of entrepreneurial education (Solomon et al. …

Trends. The People's Republic Of China And Permanent Normal Trading Relations: A Run-Up And Aftermath Of More Smoke Than Fire?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the vote of the United States (US) House of Representatives to approve permanent normal trading relations (PTNR) with the People's Republic of China (PRC). Human rights violations are discussed.

Book Review, Thomas G. Field Jr.

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the following: lAIN HAY, MONEY, MEDICINE AND MALPRACTICE IN AMERICAN SOCIETY. (Praeger 1992) [244 pp.] Abbreviations, annotated list of personal communications, figures, glossary, index, full legal citations, notes, preface, references, tables. LC 91-38477, ISBN 0-674-13645-4. [Cloth $49.95. P.O. Box 5007, Westwood CT 06881-9990.]