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Articles 1 - 30 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Business
A Grounded Theory Of The Leadership Process In A Large Government Bureaucracy, George K. Kriflik, R. Jones
A Grounded Theory Of The Leadership Process In A Large Government Bureaucracy, George K. Kriflik, R. Jones
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper presents a theory of the leadership process within the particular substantive setting of a large government bureaucracy. The study organisation (labelled AGRO) possesses a dominant engineering culture and has a history characterised by non- tumultuous change. The research methodology of orthodox grounded theory was employed. The main concern of the participants was found to be a desire to close the gap between their current work reality and that level they perceived themselves to be capable of achieving. This was resolved through the basic social process of Minimising Attainment Deficit. Leadership aspects of charisma and vision where not evident …
Strategic Brand Image Analysis For Heterogeneous Markets – Applying Dynamic Perceptions Based Market Segmentation (Dynpbms) To Dishwashing Brand Data, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The aim of this article is to illustrate the usefulness of an exploratory tool called dynamic perceptions based market segmentation (dynPBMS, based on the PBMS approach introduced by Mazanec and Strasser (2000) and Buchta, Dolnicar and Reutterer (2000)) for the investigation of image patterns in the marketplace as well as structural changes of such patterns over time. As starting point for analysis typical brand image data is used: repeated surveys questioning respondents about their evaluation of multiple brands with regard to multiple attributes. The advantages of using dynPBMS as compared to traditional tools applied in market structure analysis include (1) …
A Review Of Unquestioned Standards In Using Cluster Analysis For Data-Driven Market Segmentation, Sara Dolnicar
A Review Of Unquestioned Standards In Using Cluster Analysis For Data-Driven Market Segmentation, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Clustering is a highly popular and widely used tool for identifying or constructing databased market segments. Over decades of applying cluster analytical procedures for the purpose of searching for homogeneous subgroups among consumers, questionable standards of utilization have emerged, e.g. the non-explorative manner in which results from cluster analytic procedures are reported, the black-box approach ignoring crucial parameters of the algorithms applied or the lack of harmonization of methodology chosen and data conditions. The purpose of this study is threefold: (1) to investigate whether and which standards of application of cluster analysis have emerged in the academic marketing literature, (2) …
Activity-Based Market Sub-Segmentation Of Cultural Tourists, Sara Dolnicar
Activity-Based Market Sub-Segmentation Of Cultural Tourists, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The group of cultural tourists has received a lot of attention in the past decades. Nevertheless only few attempts have been made to study the characteristics of the “culture tourism market segment”. Besides, it is often implicitly assumed that this segment is a homogeneous group of tourists. The contribution of this article is twofold: First, the assumption of one homogeneous market segment is questioned by searching for sub-segment among cultural tourist in a data-driven manner. Second, this data partitioning task is achieved by using a topology representing network (TRN), methodology that allows additional insight into the similarity structure of the …
Diffusion Of R&D Within The Australian Wine Industry, D. K. Aylward
Diffusion Of R&D Within The Australian Wine Industry, D. K. Aylward
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
The Legitimizing Power Of Financial Statements In The Salvation Army In England, 1865 - 1892, H. J. Irvine
The Legitimizing Power Of Financial Statements In The Salvation Army In England, 1865 - 1892, H. J. Irvine
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Since its inception The Salvation Army has relied heavily on external funds to survive. There is evidence to suggest that at the time of its founding, in 19th century England, and in its early years, financial statements played a powerful legitimizing role. This was crucial to an organization like The Salvation Army, newly formed and in desperate need of funds. This view is consistent with institutional theory, which emphasizes the importance of such legitimacy. However, it challenges the notion, prevalent in academic literature on accounting in religious organizations, that there is a resistance to the use of accounting as a …
Assessing The Impact Of Change In Petroleum Prices On Inflation And Household Expenditures In Australia, Abbas Valadkhani, W. F. Mitchell
Assessing The Impact Of Change In Petroleum Prices On Inflation And Household Expenditures In Australia, Abbas Valadkhani, W. F. Mitchell
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In this paper we examine three broad issues: (a) the expected impact of the recent petrol price rises on prices throughout the economy, (b) the hypothesis that the economy is now less susceptible to oil price rises than it was in the 1970s when the first major oil prices occurred, and (c) the likely distributional impacts of the petrol price rises? A modified input-output (IO) price model is used to simulate the impact of a two-fold increase in petrol prices on the sectoral and aggregate price indices in Australia. The 1996-97 and 1977-78 IO tables are used. Among the results …
Long- And Short-Run Determinants Of The Demand For Money In New Zealand: A Cointegration Analysis, Abbas Valadkhani
Long- And Short-Run Determinants Of The Demand For Money In New Zealand: A Cointegration Analysis, Abbas Valadkhani
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The existence of a stable demand for money is very important for the conduct of monetary policy even in this new era of inflation targeting. It is argued that previous work on the demand for money in New Zealand has been either not very satisfactory in a number of ways or outdated. This paper examines the long-run determinants of the demand for M3 employing the Johansen cointegration technique and quarterly data for the period 1988:1-2002:2. This paper finds, inter alia, that the demand for money is cointegrated with real income, the spread between interest on money and on non-money assets, …
An Examination Of Indexes For Determining The Number Of Clusters In Binary Data Sets, E. Dimitriadou, Sara Dolnicar, A. Weingessel
An Examination Of Indexes For Determining The Number Of Clusters In Binary Data Sets, E. Dimitriadou, Sara Dolnicar, A. Weingessel
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The problem of choosing the correct number of clusters is as old as cluster analysis itself. A number of authors have suggested various indexes to facilitate this crucial decision. One of the most extensive comparative studies of indexes was conducted by Milligan & Cooper (1985). The present piece of work pursues the same goal under different conditions. In contrast to Milligan and Cooper's work, the emphasis here is on high-dimensional empirical binary data. Binary artificial data sets are constructed to reflect features typically encountered in real-world situations in the field of marketing research. The simulation includes 162 binary data sets …
Activity-Based Market Sub-Segmentation Of Cultural Tourists, Sara Dolnicar
Activity-Based Market Sub-Segmentation Of Cultural Tourists, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The group of cultural tourists has received a lot of attention in the past decades. Nevertheless only few attempts have been made to study the characteristics of the “culture tourism market segment”. Besides, it is often implicitly assumed that this segment is a homogeneous group of tourists. The contribution of this article is twofold: First, the assumption of one homogeneous market segment is questioned by searching for sub-segment among cultural tourist in a data-driven manner. Second, this data partitioning task is achieved by using a topology representing network (TRN), methodology that allows additional insight into the similarity structure of the …
Market Efficiency And The Returns To Simple Technical Trading Rules: New Evidence From U.S. Equity Market And Chinese Equity Markets, Gary Gang Tian, Guang Hua Wan, Mingyuan Guo
Market Efficiency And The Returns To Simple Technical Trading Rules: New Evidence From U.S. Equity Market And Chinese Equity Markets, Gary Gang Tian, Guang Hua Wan, Mingyuan Guo
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Numerous studies in the finance literature have investigated technical analysis to determine its validity as an investment tool. This study is an attempt to explore whether some forms of technical analysis can predict stock price movement and make excess profits based on certain trading rules in markets with different efficiency level. To avoid using arbitrarily selected 26 trading rules as did by Brock, Lakonishok and LeBaron (1992) and later by Bessembinder and Chan (1998), this paper examines predictive power and profitability of simple trading rules by expanding their universe of 26 rules to 412 rules. In order to find out …
A Review Of Data-Driven Market Segmentation In Tourism, Sara Dolnicar
A Review Of Data-Driven Market Segmentation In Tourism, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Clustering has become a very popular way of identifying market segments based on survey data. The number of published segmentation studies has strongly increased since the milestone publication on benefit segmentation by Haley in 1968. Nevertheless, numerous very fundamental weaknesses are permanently encountered when studying segmentation studies in detail, thus making the results reported more than questionable. This article illustrates how data-driven segmentation studies are typically conducted in the field of tourism research, provides a systematic overview of applications published in the last decades, outlines critical issues that often lead to overestimation of the validity of results and offers solutions …
Business Travellers’ Hotel Expectations And Disappointments: A Different Perspective To Hotel Attribute Importance Investigation, Sara Dolnicar
Business Travellers’ Hotel Expectations And Disappointments: A Different Perspective To Hotel Attribute Importance Investigation, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Hotel attribute importance studies have a long tradition in hospitality research. This study investigates the issue for business travelers by asking the respondents to state their expectations and disappointments / dissatisfaction in an open question format instead of rating the importance of attributes directly. The aim of the study is twofold: (1) to learn about expectations and past disappointments of this particular segment to provide additional insight for customizing hotel offers and (2) to investigate whether the findings reported in literature so far are mirrored or not.
British Transport History: Shifting Perspectives And New Agendas, Simon Ville
British Transport History: Shifting Perspectives And New Agendas, Simon Ville
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This chapter is a contribution to the festschrift of Derek Aldcroft, formerly Professor of Economic History at Leicester and Manchester. It offers a retrospective on his contribution to transport history and suggests new research agendas for the subject.
Encouraging Tutorial Attendance At University Did Not Increase Performance, Joan R. Rodgers
Encouraging Tutorial Attendance At University Did Not Increase Performance, Joan R. Rodgers
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
When tertiary education is subsidized the cost of poor student performance in university subjects falls not only on the individual student but also on society in general. Society therefore has an interest in promoting student performance. There is evidence in the literature that absenteeism from university classes is widespread and that absenteeism adversely affects student performance. In this paper I describe an incentive scheme that increased attendance of business and economics students in an introductory statistics subject at a typical Australian university. Like other authors I find a strong positive association between attendance and academic performance, both in the presence …
Profiling Vacation Segments With An Environment Protection Attitude – A Strategic Marketing Approach Towards Sustainability, Sara Dolnicar
Profiling Vacation Segments With An Environment Protection Attitude – A Strategic Marketing Approach Towards Sustainability, Sara Dolnicar
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The optimal way of implementing sustainable tourism is to identify that particular market segment that cares about environmental issues and does not perceive it as sacrifice to treat the destination’s resources with care. This study aims at reviewing past endeavours in this direction and empirically illustrate the approach suggested by characterizing the group of sustainable summer vacationers in Austria. These tourists turn out to offer a strong basis for the creation of a sustainable niche segment for future marketing action.
Explaining Union Mobilisation In The 1880s And Early 1900s, R. Markey
Explaining Union Mobilisation In The 1880s And Early 1900s, R. Markey
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The two great upsurges in Australian union mobilisation occurred in the 1880s and the first decade of the twentieth century. In both cases membership increased in scope and intensity: an expansion of the number of union organisations across a wider range of industries and occupations, as well as an increase of union density in industries and occupations where unions already existed. However, a major environmental difference between the two upsurges in mass unionism was the existence of a system of compulsory state arbitration, from 1901 in NSW and from 1904 in the Commonwealth. It has commonly been observed that the …
India: The Role Of Small-Scale Industries In An Emerging Economy, Shyam Bhati
India: The Role Of Small-Scale Industries In An Emerging Economy, Shyam Bhati
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The role of small-scale industries in the economic development of India in recent years is critically analysed in this paper. Various factors affecting the growth and development of small-scale industries and the problem faced by this vital sector of Indian economy is examined. The contribution of small-scale industries in employment growth, production, export promotion and other economic indicators are discussed. Conclusions drawn from the analysis of the data suggest that the various policy initiatives taken by the Government of India since independence have helped this sector to grow considerably. Some of the policies of the Government of India may, however, …
Operationalizing Segment Choice Criteria, Sara Dolnicar, Roman Freitag
Operationalizing Segment Choice Criteria, Sara Dolnicar, Roman Freitag
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Market segmentation has become one of the fundamental building blocks of strategic marketing during the last decades. Although the methodology of deriving market segments from survey data became more and more sophisticated, no operationalized list of selection criteria for alternative segment options has been introduced so far to the authors' knowledge. The purpose of this paper is (l) to illustrate the lack of operationalized segment choice (or attractiveness evaluation) criteria and (2) to make a first step towards filling this gap.
Identifying The Corporate Leaders, Simon Ville
Identifying The Corporate Leaders, Simon Ville
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In chapter two we used a range of aggregated time series and pooled cross-sectional data on the economy and firms to present a broad picture of the growth of big business in the Australian economy, and drew parallels with the experience of other nations. We were able to identify in which sectors our largest firms have been located, how this changed over the course of the twentieth century, and who these firms were. This provides the basis for a closer investigation of some of these firms in this and the subsequent chapters. Thus, in the current chapter, we develop the …
Institutional Isomorphism And The Adoption Of Lass In A Developing Country: Another Crisis Of External Dependence, Monir Zaman Mir, Abu Shiraz Rahaman
Institutional Isomorphism And The Adoption Of Lass In A Developing Country: Another Crisis Of External Dependence, Monir Zaman Mir, Abu Shiraz Rahaman
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper provides a critical evaluation of the recent decision of the Bangladeshi accounting profession to adopt all applicable International Accounting Standards. The paper argues that institutional legitimisation is a key factor that drives the adoption process. This argument is based on evidence of immense pressure that major international donor/lending institutions put on the Bangladeshi government and professional accounting bodies to adopt lASs not only to provide credibility to foreign investors but also ensure that accountability arrangements with lending/donor agencies are tight enough. Clearly, the government and other institutions in Bangladesh have very little option (if any at all) because …
Internationalisation Process: Revisiting The Uppsala Model In The Asian Context, J Rajendren Pandian, Ah Ba Sim
Internationalisation Process: Revisiting The Uppsala Model In The Asian Context, J Rajendren Pandian, Ah Ba Sim
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The Uppsala model of the intemationalisation process in terms of gradual incremental steps had been widely adopted in empirical research, particularly in the context of western multinational firms. We revisited this model in the context of Asian multinational firms. Examining case studies of Asian MNEs from Taiwan and Singapore in the textile and electronics industries, we found variations in the process postulated by the Uppsala model, and seek to explain them in terms of proactive actions and absorptive capacity perspective. Future research and limitations are also indicated.
An Appraisal Of Socially Responsible Investments And Implications For Trustees And Other Investment Fiduciaries, Paul U. Ali, Martin Gold
An Appraisal Of Socially Responsible Investments And Implications For Trustees And Other Investment Fiduciaries, Paul U. Ali, Martin Gold
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper examines the suitability for trustees and other investment fiduciaries of the class of investments known variously as "socially responsible", "ethical", "screened", "social" or "sustainable" investments, in the context of the legal duties imposed on fiduciaries to invest the fund entrusted to them in a prudent manner. The paper is intended to provide trustees and investment fiduciaries with the legal tools for appraising socially responsible investments, a task fraught with difficulties given the political sensitivities and controversies associated with such investments. An estimated $1.9 billion has been invested according to socially responsible investment r'SRI") strategies by Australian managed investment …
An Overview Of Export Processing Zones: Selected Asian Countries, Kankesu Jayanthakumaran
An Overview Of Export Processing Zones: Selected Asian Countries, Kankesu Jayanthakumaran
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper surveys the literature on the perfonnance of Export processing Zones (EPZs) that have used a benefit-cost analytical framework. The survey reveals that as industrial development proceeds, the gap between market and opportunity cost of labour narrows and the interest on EPZs tends to disspear. Interest on EPZs may hold only if the zones generate private profit to domestic shareholders. Recent policy measures of World Trade Organisation may eventually result in lower rates ofprivate returns and may become a threat to existing and new EPZs.
Structural Change And The Older Male Worker In Australia, Martin J. O'Brien
Structural Change And The Older Male Worker In Australia, Martin J. O'Brien
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Unfavourable changes in the industry composition of employment overt he last two decades has been suggested as a reason for structural unemployment and declining labour force participation of older males in Australia. In this paper, the author explores this proposition by analysing employment data for older males over the 1984 to 1999 period. Standard shift-share analysis findings suggest that, although older males are over-represented in stagnant or declining industries and under-represented in growth sectors, the net aggregate effects of structural change for older males' employment trends are minimal. However, alternative methodologies presented reveal a number of interesting insights into the …
Trust, Choice And Online Shopping, Lawrence Ang, Chris Dubelaar, Boon-Chye Lee
Trust, Choice And Online Shopping, Lawrence Ang, Chris Dubelaar, Boon-Chye Lee
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Trust is a major issue in Internet transactions. This paper presents a model of trust on the Internet that focuses on three dimensions of trust. It investigates the perceived value a consumer places on these dimensions when set in the context of different product categories, price discounts, and delivery time. It is argued that the more willing an Internet merchant is to heed these three dimension of trusts, the greater the probability of transaction on the Internet.
"Fractured Tales For Teaching Accounting: A Journey Through Three Worlds?", Kathleen A. Cooper, Kellie M. Mccombie, Kathy M. Rudkin
"Fractured Tales For Teaching Accounting: A Journey Through Three Worlds?", Kathleen A. Cooper, Kellie M. Mccombie, Kathy M. Rudkin
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
This paper discusses the present educational trends in the Western World, and in particular Australia, that endanger the prospect of critical thought in accounting education. Such trends include the commodification of the student and education, reductions in government funding, and the emergence of Online education. We believe that economic pressure brought to bear on what accounting, and how accounting is taught, should be resisted to preserve the integrity of learning outcomes for students. This then leads us to reveal our struggle to learn/teach in a critical sense. The paper evaluates various pedagogical approaches, and their consequences for teaching and learning …
Competition And Innovation: Small And Medium Enterprises In The New Economy, Boon-Chye Lee
Competition And Innovation: Small And Medium Enterprises In The New Economy, Boon-Chye Lee
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
The advent of the "New Economy" has important implications for how small and medium-sized enterprises will compete. This. paper proceeds by examining the key characteristics of the industries of the New Economy, and what they mean from the perspectIve of innovation and competition for SMEs.
Paths Of Corporate Development: Directions And Methods Of Growth, Simon Ville
Paths Of Corporate Development: Directions And Methods Of Growth, Simon Ville
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In Scale and Scope Chandler explained the typical directions of growth followed by large scale American corporations who sustained their industry leadership. I This involved phases of horizontal and vertical integration to capture economies of scale and throughput, followed by product diversification in response to new scientific research, and internationalization to exploit their competitive advantages in foreign markets. This has not been a universal experience of all countries; successful British firms, for example, have been less vertically integrated and Japanese firms were for long reluctant to expand overseas. Typical methods of growth - internal expansion, mergers, and interfirm ventures - …
Analysis Of Information Cost Incurred In Foreign Exchange Risk Management By Smes, Shyam S. Bhati
Analysis Of Information Cost Incurred In Foreign Exchange Risk Management By Smes, Shyam S. Bhati
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
In this study, the theory of Information Cost developed by Casson (1995) is used to explain the various intormatlOn cost associated with foreign exchange risk management by SMEs. From the application of Casson's theory, 1t 1S concluded that the SMEs incur maximum cost in collecting, communicating and synthesising information while managing foreign exchange risk. Also, the SMEs do not seem to have the potential to reduce these information costs because of ,their limited bargaining capacity in relation to service provIders. As such, SMEs would fit the description of "optimal" organisation as defined by Casson (1995) due to the trade-offmade by …