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Articles 631 - 660 of 752

Full-Text Articles in Business

A Regional And Industry Analysis Of The Complexity Of The Regulatory Environment Affecting Agricultural Producers In California, Sean P. Hurley, Jay E. Noel Jul 2006

A Regional And Industry Analysis Of The Complexity Of The Regulatory Environment Affecting Agricultural Producers In California, Sean P. Hurley, Jay E. Noel

Agribusiness

Regulations have been studied from many different vantage points in the past. Carter, Chalfont, and Goodhue (2002) have studied how a particular regulation will affect a particular crop, while Antle (2000) and Cash and Swoboda (2003) have investigated the effect of a regulation on an industry. Kaplan, Johansson, and Peters (2004) have investigated the marginal costs and benefits of regulations. Attempts have been made by the federal government to obtain the total cost of the regulatory environment (Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, 1997), while Hurley and Noel (2006) have attempted to develop a baseline cost of regulations for California …

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The Unintended Consequences Of A Ban On The Humane Slaughter (Processing) Of Horses In The United States, James J. Ahern, David P. Anderson, Dee Von Bailey, Lance A. Baker, W. Arden Colette, J. Shannon Neibergs, Michael S. North, Gary D. Potter, Carolyn L. Stull May 2006

The Unintended Consequences Of A Ban On The Humane Slaughter (Processing) Of Horses In The United States, James J. Ahern, David P. Anderson, Dee Von Bailey, Lance A. Baker, W. Arden Colette, J. Shannon Neibergs, Michael S. North, Gary D. Potter, Carolyn L. Stull

Agribusiness

Federal legislation has been proposed to amend the Horse Protection Act to prohibit the shipping, transporting, moving, delivering, receiving, possessing, purchasing, selling, or donation of horses and other equines to be humanely slaughtered (processed) for human consumption, and for other purposes. The intent of the legislation is to enact a ban in the United States on processing horses for human consumption. The legislation does not provide fiscal support that would likely be needed to respond to an ever increasing number of unwanted, neglected, and abused horses. Often times horse neglect and abuse cases originate from a lack of economic resources …

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A Movie Project Brings The Coso Internal Control Framework To Life, Arline Savage, Kathryn Lancaster Apr 2006

A Movie Project Brings The Coso Internal Control Framework To Life, Arline Savage, Kathryn Lancaster

Accounting

No abstract provided.

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Impact Of Legal Threats On Online Music Sharing Activity: An Analysis Of Music Industry Legal Actions, Sudip Bhattacharjee, Ram D. Gopal, Kaveepan Lertwachara, James R. Marsden Apr 2006

Impact Of Legal Threats On Online Music Sharing Activity: An Analysis Of Music Industry Legal Actions, Sudip Bhattacharjee, Ram D. Gopal, Kaveepan Lertwachara, James R. Marsden

Management, HR and Information Systems

The music industry has repeatedly expressed concerns over potentially devastating impacts of online music sharing. Initial attempts to control online file sharing have been primarily through consumer education and legal action against the operators of networks that facilitated file sharing. Recent legal action against individual file sharers marked an unprecedented shift in the industry’s strategy. The focus now is on well-publicized legal threats and actions on a relatively small group of individuals to discourage overall music file sharing. To determine the resulting impact of these legal threats, we passively tracked online file-sharing behavior of over 2,000 individuals. We found that …

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Analysis Of The Regulatory Effects Of California Specialty Crops: An Examination Of Various Issues Impacting Selected Forest Products, Tree Fruit, Nut, And Vegetable Crop Industries, Sean P. Hurley, Richard Thompson, Christopher Dicus, Lori Berger, Jay E. Noel Jan 2006

Analysis Of The Regulatory Effects Of California Specialty Crops: An Examination Of Various Issues Impacting Selected Forest Products, Tree Fruit, Nut, And Vegetable Crop Industries, Sean P. Hurley, Richard Thompson, Christopher Dicus, Lori Berger, Jay E. Noel

Agribusiness

In a research report for the California Institute for the Study of Specialty Crops, Hurley provided a broad overview of the web of regulatory bodies affecting California agricultural producers. He found that California specialty crop producers must comply with multiple regulations from multiple local, state, and federal agencies. Locally, producers must comply with county land use regulations developed by the county, as well as, regulations established by the County Agricultural Commissioner. At the state level, producers must follow the regulations established by California Environmental Protection Agency (CALEPA), the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR), and the California Department of Food and …

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The Effect Of Strategic Complexity On Marketing Strategy And Organizational Performance, Stern Neill, Gregory M. Rose Jan 2006

The Effect Of Strategic Complexity On Marketing Strategy And Organizational Performance, Stern Neill, Gregory M. Rose

Marketing

While researchers have examined many antecedents of marketing strategy, there is scant research assessing the effect of organizational cognition. In this study, organizational cognition is examined in terms of the firm’s strategic complexity, which is its capacity to integrate multiple environmental dimensions during marketing strategy making. The results from a sample of wholesale distributors reveal four strategic groups that differ based upon their degree of strategic complexity. Results support the proposition that strategic complexity is an organizational capability that enables more effective strategy making and produces superior firm performance.

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Impact Of Increased Minimum Wage On Southern San Joaquin Valley Navel Orange Producers, Kallie Donnelly, Jay E. Noel Jan 2006

Impact Of Increased Minimum Wage On Southern San Joaquin Valley Navel Orange Producers, Kallie Donnelly, Jay E. Noel

Agribusiness

The California Institute for the Study of Specialty Crops (CISSC) developed a representative farm simulation model for navel producers in the Southern San Joaquin Valley. The farm simulation model simulates a producer’s financial statements for 2005-2014, including the income statement, statement of cash flows, and balance sheet. This model allows model prices and yields to vary over time. The variability is based on historical variation in navel orange prices and yield. This is done to capture the risk and uncertainty associated with variable prices and yields.

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A New Look At Industrial Sales And Its Requisite Competencies, Clifford S. Barber, Brian C. Tietje Jan 2006

A New Look At Industrial Sales And Its Requisite Competencies, Clifford S. Barber, Brian C. Tietje

Marketing

Although industrial sales is widely discussed in both practitioner and academic circles, no clear definition of “industrial” has been established. We present a definition of industrial sales that distinguishes it from other sales domains, and we draw from a panel of industrial sales executives and a random sample of industrial sales managers to generate and evaluate the importance of a comprehensive list of knowledge, skills, and value competencies that are required for success in industrial sales. Technical competencies, while important, were rated relatively less so than selling- and customer-related competencies. Among other recommendations, we implore industrial sales executives to incorporate …

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Interrelationships Among Language Skills, Externalizing Behavior, And Academic Fluency And Their Impact On The Academic Skills Of Students With Ed, J. Ron Nelson, Gregory J. Benner, Stern Neill, Scott A. Stage Jan 2006

Interrelationships Among Language Skills, Externalizing Behavior, And Academic Fluency And Their Impact On The Academic Skills Of Students With Ed, J. Ron Nelson, Gregory J. Benner, Stern Neill, Scott A. Stage

Marketing

There is growing interest in understanding the factors that influence the academic achievement of students with emotional disturbance (ED). Structural equation modeling was used to test the interrelationships among language skills, externalizing behavior, and academic fluency and their impact on the academic skills of students with ED. Results showed that language skills exerted a significant proximal effect and distal effect on academic skills.The effect of language skills was mediated through academic fluency (path coefficient = .389) but also had a proximal effect on academic skills (path coefficient = .359). However, externalizing behavior failed to have a statistically significant effect on …

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Debt Financing For California Community Health Centers And Clinics: Weighing The Options, Allison Coleman, Steven Slezak Oct 2005

Debt Financing For California Community Health Centers And Clinics: Weighing The Options, Allison Coleman, Steven Slezak

Agribusiness

No abstract provided.

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An Examination Of Additively Separable Willingness-To-Pay For Environmental Attributes: Evidence From A Pork Experiment, Sean P. Hurley, James B. Kliebenstein Jul 2005

An Examination Of Additively Separable Willingness-To-Pay For Environmental Attributes: Evidence From A Pork Experiment, Sean P. Hurley, James B. Kliebenstein

Agribusiness

This paper examines what is the best method for pork producers to market pork products with environmental attributes. The objective is to examine evidence of whether it is beneficial for pork producers to incorporate multiple environmental attributes into a single product or sell multiple products with a single environmental attribute.

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Determining The Impact Of Food Price And Income Changes On Obesity, Christiane Schroeter, Jayson Lusk, Wallace Tyner Jul 2005

Determining The Impact Of Food Price And Income Changes On Obesity, Christiane Schroeter, Jayson Lusk, Wallace Tyner

Agribusiness

Despite the significant rise in obesity in the U.S., economic research on obesity is still in its infancy. This paper employs a microeconomic approach to investigate the effects of price and income changes on weight in an effort to determine how a high-calorie food tax, a low-calorie food subsidy, and/or income changes affect body weight. Although raising the price of high-calorie food will likely lead to decreased demand for such goods; it is not clear that such an outcome will actually reduce weight. The model developed in this paper identifies conditions under which price and income changes are mostly likely …

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Estimating The Impacts Of Differing Price-Risk Management Strategies On The Net Income Of Salinas Valley Lettuce Producers: A Stochastic Simulation Approach, Roland Fumasi, Wayne H. Howard, Jay E. Noel Jul 2005

Estimating The Impacts Of Differing Price-Risk Management Strategies On The Net Income Of Salinas Valley Lettuce Producers: A Stochastic Simulation Approach, Roland Fumasi, Wayne H. Howard, Jay E. Noel

Agribusiness

While government safety-net programs are used to mitigate the price risk for commodity producers, limited programs exist for specialty crop producers. Specialty crop producers utilize forward contracts to reduce downside price risk. In order to estimate the method of price-risk management, if any, that is preferable to selling at market determined prices, a stochastic simulation model was constructed. The completed simulation model was used to estimate probability distributions for Salinas Valley net income under different pricing scenarios. Probabilities of reaching various net income thresholds were compared. Results indicate that Salinas Valley lettuce producers should maximize profitability by using forward contracts.

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Using P2p Sharing Activity To Improve Business Decision Making: Proof Of Concept For Estimating Product Life-Cycle, Sudip Bhattacharjee, Ram Gopal, Kaveepan Lertwachara, James R. Marsden Apr 2005

Using P2p Sharing Activity To Improve Business Decision Making: Proof Of Concept For Estimating Product Life-Cycle, Sudip Bhattacharjee, Ram Gopal, Kaveepan Lertwachara, James R. Marsden

Management, HR and Information Systems

Estimating the life-cycle or duration of a product can be an important input into a firm’s decision-making related to production and marketing. In the music industry, online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks have attracted millions of potential music consumers and have had substantial impact on the music business. In this paper, we investigate the possible use of P2P information in estimating product “shelf-life,” in particular the duration of a music album on the Billboard 100 chart. We identify and track the music albums that appear on the Top 100 of the Billboard Charts, spanning a period of six months. We show that …

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A Synopsis Of The Regulatory Environment Affecting California Specialty Crops, Sean P. Hurley Jan 2005

A Synopsis Of The Regulatory Environment Affecting California Specialty Crops, Sean P. Hurley

Agribusiness

California specialty crop producers face multiple regulatory bodies from both the state and federal government. These producers face regulations pertaining to labor, the environment, marketing, and food safety. When it comes to regulations, ignorance is not bliss. This project develops an informational source for finding federal and state regulations affecting California agricultural producers and provides a perspective of what the California agricultural regulatory environment looks like. This report presents a visual diagram of the top two tiers of federal and state governmental agencies affecting the California agricultural regulatory environment. The visual diagram is set-up with web links to these regulatory …

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Relating Diet, Demographics And Lifestyle To Increasing U.S. Obesity Rates, Christiane Schroeter Nov 2004

Relating Diet, Demographics And Lifestyle To Increasing U.S. Obesity Rates, Christiane Schroeter

Agribusiness

Changes in the American lifestyle are putting more individuals at risk due to the declining quality of their diets. In the last 20 years, the readily available high-fat foods (e.g., "fast foods") combined with the decreased caloric requirements due to lower physical activity levels is assumed to be the major factor in the sharp rise in the prevalence of obesity. The typical away-from-home meal is less healthy than food at home, since it tends to contain more total fat and saturated fat, less calcium, fiber, and iron, and fewer servings of fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, due to the super-sizing trend …

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Assessment Of Biofuels In California And Potential For Future Utilization, Douglas Williams, James J. Ahern, Keith Ochwat Oct 2004

Assessment Of Biofuels In California And Potential For Future Utilization, Douglas Williams, James J. Ahern, Keith Ochwat

Agribusiness

This study analyzed the potential energy resources contained in the biomass residues from the leading crops and livestock in California. As compared with an earlier similar study by Knutson and Miller (1982), where a total of 24 million tons of biomass was reported having an energy value of 336,000 billion Btu’s, this current study showed a total of over 18 million tons (excluding 7.2 million tons of lumber mill and forest slash residues), which translates to almost 13 million tons of dry matter. The energy value of this biomass is 189,000 billion Btu’s, about 56 % of the 1982 value. …

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The Impact Of Health Information And Demographic Changes On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster Aug 2004

The Impact Of Health Information And Demographic Changes On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster

Agribusiness

Over the past few decades, U.S. meat consumption patterns have changed. Figure 1 shows the U.S. per-capita meat consumption from 1970-1999. Consumers have increased their total meat consumption by 9.3% from 1970 to 1999, however, the composition of the meat consumption changed as well. While beef consumption has consistently decreased since 1985 - that of poultry and fish have increased. Per capita pork consumption has not changed on average from the 1970’s to the 1990’s.

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The Impact Of Health Information And Women In The Work Force On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster Aug 2004

The Impact Of Health Information And Women In The Work Force On Aggregate Meat Demand, Christiane Schroeter, Ken Foster

Agribusiness

Over the past few decades, U.S. meat consumption patterns have changed. Changes in food consumption patterns can be the result of changing demographic characteristics, changing lifestyles, increasing health awareness, and nutritional concerns. Prior research suggests that these factors have significant influence on the demand for meat (Capps and Schmitz; Kinnucan, Hsia, and Jackson). The recent interest in low carbohydrate diets and the association with increased red meat consumption is an anecdotal example of this phenomenon.

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The Impact Of Market Structure On Agricultural Technology Transfer, Charles F. Nicholson Jul 2004

The Impact Of Market Structure On Agricultural Technology Transfer, Charles F. Nicholson

Agribusiness

An agribusiness focus has emerged in public discussions as way to enhance agricultural production in Indonesia and to improve sustainable income for farmers. The focus has led to increased attention on marketing. Marketing agricultural products via processing technologies can indeed address national objectives of rural poverty alleviation. REI-Indonesia observed that limited marketing alternatives are frequently mentioned by farmers as a significant constraint. In Indonesia, a significant amount of institutional support currently exists for the ideas presented in this paper. In particular, one should consider the multifaceted mission of agricultural development in Indonesia, which includes: (a) policies that encourage competition and, …

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Cost Of Organic Pork Production: A Seasonal Analysis And Needed Price Premium For Continuous Production, James Kliebenstein, Sean P. Hurley, Ben Larson, Mark Honeyman Jul 2004

Cost Of Organic Pork Production: A Seasonal Analysis And Needed Price Premium For Continuous Production, James Kliebenstein, Sean P. Hurley, Ben Larson, Mark Honeyman

Agribusiness

Niche markets of agricultural products are experiencing rapid growth. One such niche market is organic pork. Organic pork production is a relatively new and expanding segment of the pork industry. Similar to some other niche markets, it has also experienced rapid growth (Organic Trade Association). It is well known that the cost of organic pork production is greater than for traditional pork production due to increased feed costs and decreased swine performance. The industry has dealt with this by paying premiums to induce producers to produce the organic product. However, it is not clear on what level or how the …

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Household-Level Impacts Of Dairy Cow Ownership In Coastal Kenya, Charles F. Nicholson, Philip K. Thornton, Rahab W. Muinga Jul 2004

Household-Level Impacts Of Dairy Cow Ownership In Coastal Kenya, Charles F. Nicholson, Philip K. Thornton, Rahab W. Muinga

Agribusiness

This study uses heteroskedastic Tobit and Censored Least Absolute Deviations models to examine the impacts of dairy cow ownership on selected outcomes for a sample of 184 households in coastal Kenya. The outcomes examined include gross household cash income, gross non-agricultural income, consumption of dairy products, time allocated to cattlerelated tasks, number of labourers hired and total wage payments to hired labourers. The number of dairy cows owned has a large and statistically significant impact on household cash income; each cow owned increased income by at least 53% of the mean total income of households without dairy cows. Dairy cow …

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A Cross Comparison Between California And Its Domestic And International Competitors With Respect To Key Labor Issues, Sean P. Hurley Jun 2004

A Cross Comparison Between California And Its Domestic And International Competitors With Respect To Key Labor Issues, Sean P. Hurley

Agribusiness

California had a market value of agricultural products sold of $25.7 billion in the year 2002 ranking it as the top agricultural producing state in the country. Approximately 74% of this market value was attributed to crop sales. California producers spent nearly $20.5 billion on total farm expenses. The largest single expense for agricultural producers in the state was labor at $4.3 billion. Another $1.6 billion was spent on contract labor. Hired and contract labor expenses accounted for nearly 29% of total farm expense. Approximately 34,000 California farms hired over 535,000 laborers. Of these farms, 25% reported hiring migrant labor …

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Consumer Knowledge And Acceptance Of Agricultural Biotechnology Vary, Jennifer S. James Apr 2004

Consumer Knowledge And Acceptance Of Agricultural Biotechnology Vary, Jennifer S. James

Agribusiness

Results from consumer surveys reveal some basic conclusions about consumer attitudes toward agricultural biotechnology. First, consumers do not agree about whether biotech foods are good or bad. Second, a small group of people strongly opposes them. Third, the majority of consumers are uninformed about the technology and how food is produced. Relatively small but vocal anti-biotechnology activist groups are successful at influencing public opinion because of consumers’ lack of knowledge, creating a role for universities and government agencies to provide clear, objective and accessible information.

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Levy-Funded Research Choices By Producers And Society, Jennifer S. James, Julian M. Alston, John W. Freebairn Mar 2004

Levy-Funded Research Choices By Producers And Society, Jennifer S. James, Julian M. Alston, John W. Freebairn

Agribusiness

Commodity levies are used increasingly to fund producer collective goods such as research and promotion. In the present paper we examine theoretical relationships between producer and national benefits from levy-funded research, and consider the implications for the appropriate rates of matching government grants, applied with a view to achieving a closer match between producer and national interests. In many cases the producer and national optima coincide. First, regardless of the form of the supply shift, when product demand is perfectly elastic, or all the product is exported, domestic benefits and costs of levy-funded research all go to producers and they …

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Us Dairy Product Trade: Modeling Approaches And The Impact Of New Product Formulations, Charles F. Nicholson, Phillip M. Bishop Mar 2004

Us Dairy Product Trade: Modeling Approaches And The Impact Of New Product Formulations, Charles F. Nicholson, Phillip M. Bishop

Agribusiness

Several domestic and international developments increased interest among the US dairy industry in world markets during the 1990s. One development was the passage of the NAFTA and Uruguay Round (URA) trade agreements in the mid-decade, and their successors, the current “Doha Round” of international trade negotiations now underway. Another development during the 1990s was additional (positive) experience gained by the US dairy industry in export markets. Much of this experience came about because increases in world market prices for butter and powder in 1995-96 made US exports more competitive. The Dairy Export Incentive Program (DEIP) is also credited with improving …

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A Distribution Services Approach For Developing Effective Competitive Strategies Against "Big Box" Retailers, Clifford S. Barber, Brian C. Tietje Mar 2004

A Distribution Services Approach For Developing Effective Competitive Strategies Against "Big Box" Retailers, Clifford S. Barber, Brian C. Tietje

Marketing

According to one theoretical approach, the primary economic function of retailers is to deliver products together with distribution services. We use this framework to identify competitive niches for smaller retailers competing against big box stores. We compare the distribution services offered by the Home Depot versus smaller retailers using both in-store measures and consumer perception data, and the relative importance of distribution services as determinants of store choice. The results show that the Home Depot’s superiority in pricing and assortment attracts a significant market, but smaller retailers can secure niche markets by delivering higher levels of ambiance and information.

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Competency Requirements For Managerial Development In Manufacturing, Assembly, And/Or Material Processing Functions, Brian C. Tietje, Clifford S. Barber Jan 2004

Competency Requirements For Managerial Development In Manufacturing, Assembly, And/Or Material Processing Functions, Brian C. Tietje, Clifford S. Barber

Marketing

Organizations that include a manufacturing, assembly and/or material processing (MAMP) functions have become increasingly complex, competitive, and dynamic. These organizations demand increased emphasis on recruiting, developing, and retaining management talent to gain a competitive edge. This paper uses a modified Delphi triangulation approach to identify and categorize first-level MAMP management competencies perceived to be important by three critical stakeholder groups – an expert MAMP upper management panel, first-level MAMP managers who have been employed between one to three years, and business management faculty members. The results identify 14 knowledge, skill, and value-based competencies and three higher-order factors as essential components …

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Livestock, Land Use Change, And Environmental Outcomes In The Developing World, R. W. Blake, C. F. Nicholson Jan 2004

Livestock, Land Use Change, And Environmental Outcomes In The Developing World, R. W. Blake, C. F. Nicholson

Agribusiness

No Abstract

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Is The Implicit Association Test A Valid And Valuable Measure Of Implicit Consumer Social Cognition?, Frederic F. Brunel, Brian C. Tietje, Anthony G. Greenwald Jan 2004

Is The Implicit Association Test A Valid And Valuable Measure Of Implicit Consumer Social Cognition?, Frederic F. Brunel, Brian C. Tietje, Anthony G. Greenwald

Marketing

This article discusses the need for more satisfactory implicit measures in consumer psychology and assesses the theoretical foundations, validity, and value of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) as a measure of implicit consumer social cognition. Study 1 demonstrates the IAT’s sensitivity to explicit individual differences in brand attitudes, ownership, and usage frequency, and shows their correlations with IAT-based measures of implicit brand attitudes and brand relationship strength. In Study 2, the contrast between explicit and implicit measures of attitude toward the ad for sportswear advertisements portraying African American (Black) and European American (White) athlete–spokespersons revealed different patterns of responses to …

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