Business Commons^™

Vail Resorts, Inc. - Valuation And Comprehensive Analysis, Griffin Butler

WWU Honors College Senior Projects

This paper is organized by several sections. Section 1 provides a general description of Vail as a company. This includes a brief description of its history and experienced executive team as well as its products and segmentation, customer base, and drivers of growth.

Section 2 conducts a comprehensive analysis of Vail’s competitive standing compared to its peers in the ski resort and hotels industries. This section identifies the factor conditions conducive to profitable operations, demand for its products, industries in support of operations, and the competitive advantages Vail holds over its peers. Section 2 also includes a SWOT analysis to …

The Dark Side Of Leadership: Mid-Level Managers And Their Experience With Hubristic Behaviors Of Executives, Leili Sadaghiani

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to identify the emotional reactions of mid-level managers to executives’ hubris behaviors in a corporate setting.

Methodology: This leadership study uses qualitative phenomenological methodology was executed to explore the lived experiences of mid-level managers with past executives who practiced hubristic behavior.

Findings: The findings of this research on the lived experiences of mid-level managers with hubristic behaviors of executives suggest that the lack of support lessens the mid-level manager’s confidence; with little support; the mid-level manager was either afraid to fight the executive or gave up trying; the mid-level manager faced stress even …

Prosocial Ceos, Corporate Policies, And Firm Value, Mei Feng, Weili Ge, Zhejia Ling, Wei Ting Loh

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This paper examines how chief executive officers' (CEOs') prosocial tendency influences corporate policies and firm value. We use individuals' involvement with charitable organizations as a proxy for prosocial tendency. We find that, compared to firms with non-prosocial CEOs, firms with prosocial CEOs have lower executive subordinate turnover, implement more employee-friendly policies, experience higher customer satisfaction, and engage in more socially responsible activities. We also find that firms with prosocial CEOs have higher value and lower risk, partly due to the corporate policies adopted by prosocial CEOs. These results are corroborated when we compare changes in corporate policies and firm value …

Exploring The Factors That Affecting Adoption Of Mobile Banking In Bangladesh, Md. Abdullah A. Mamun, Masud Rana, Md. Ashraful Islam, Md. Abdullah A. Mamun

Journal of Global Business Insights

This paper seeks to unearth the factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking in Bangladesh. Primary data from 630 respondents are collected from January 2021 to June 2021 using a structured questionnaire to accomplish this objective. The questionnaire contains 20 statements regarding the adoption of mobile banking. Gathered data are tabulated, categorized, and arranged to fulfill the purpose. The convenience sampling method is used to choose respondents from the Pabna district in Bangladesh. The collected data are examined using exploratory factor analysis, KMO and Bartlett testing, and reliability testing. Findings confirm that risk, the convenience of use, ease of access, …

Feasibility Of Funding Construction-Related Projects With Cryptocurrencies, Farbod Pourdehmobed

Construction Management

The current method of acquiring funds for construction projects consists of loans and/or a board of investors. With the emergence of the cryptocurrency industry in the past five to ten years, an influx of cash has been inserted into the market and is simply being held captive by government regulations. With development and construction being an attractive investment for most anyone, these "crypto billionaires" are insistent on financing possible projects. The issue lies within the construction industry and the possibly outdated financial system and whether it is capable of adhering to certain requirements that come with the usage of crypto …

The Effect Of Nondiagnostic Information On Internal Auditor Skepticism: Capturing The Dilution Effect, Joseph Anthony Giordano

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Internal auditors assigned to assess internal controls over financial reporting incorporate irrelevant information into their judgment, showing decreased skepticism when irrelevant information contradicts preconceived stereotypes of management, known as the dilution effect and attributed to the representativeness heuristic. Irrelevant information consistent with preconceived stereotypes does not decrease skepticism. In this experiment practicing internal auditors are provided an irrelevant description of the Chief Information Officer portrayed as either gregarious or introverted then subsequently receive relevant internal controls information. When the Chief Information Officer is described as gregarious, counter to common stereotypes, internal auditors assess risk as less likely to occur compared …

Price Comovement And Market Segmentation Of Chinese A- And H-Shares: Evidence From A Panel Latent-Factor Model, Yingjie Dong, Wenxin Huang, Yiu Kuen Tse

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper examines the price comovement of cross-listed Chinese A- and H-shares using a panel model with latent factors and a heterogeneous long-run structure. Our model is more flexible than the cointegration system and is estimated using the data-driven Cup–Lasso method. The long-run H-share price discounts are heterogeneous across different groups of stocks. We have identified both stationary and nonstationary latent factors in the price differentials, which are driven by different economic variables. By analyzing the factor loadings of the nonstationary latent factor, we identify some trading-friction and information-friction variables that have effects on the price convergence between the A- …

Strategic Financial Management Part Iii: Debt Maturity And Priority And Corporate Liquidity, Fangjian Fu, Clifford W. Smith

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This is the third in our series ofJACFarticles that explores thecorporate motives for and consequences of seasoned equity offer-ings (SEOs) by U.S. public companies over the past 50 years. Likeits two predecessors, this article begins by examining each of thethree standard theories (or “models”) of corporate capital structureand financing policy that continue to receive serious considerationin academic discussions: (1) the Tradeoff Model;(2)thePeckingOrder Model, and (3) theMarket Timing Model.Aswealsobeganby noting in our two previous articles, each of these three modelshas implications that do not fit comfortably with the findings ofour analysis of over 8500 SEOs by U.S. companies between 1970and 2019.

Loan Spreads And Credit Cycles: The Role Of Lenders' Personal Economic Experiences, Daniel Carvalho, Janet Gao, Pengfei Ma

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We provide evidence that changes in lender optimism can lead to excessive fluctuations in credit spreads across the credit cycle. Using data on the real estate properties of loan officers originating large corporate loans, we find that credit spreads overreact to sophisticated lenders' recent local economic experiences, captured by local housing price growth. These effects are only present when borrowers own real estate assets and during times of greater uncertainty about real estate values, i.e., boom-and-bust cycles in housing prices. Our analysis suggests that recent personal experiences shape sophisticated lenders' beliefs about real estate values, which affect their pricing decisions.

All Stick And No Carrot? Reforming Public Offerings, Stephen J. Choi, Adam C. Pritchard

Law & Economics Working Papers

The SEC heavily regulates the traditional initial public offering. Those regulatory burdens fuel interest in alternative paths for private companies to go public, “regulatory arbitrage.” The SEC’s response to the emergence of alternatives, most recently SPACs and direct listings, has been to suppress them by imposing heightened liability under Section 11 of the Securities Act. The SEC’s treatment of the traditional IPO regulatory process as a one-size-fits-all regime ignores the weaknesses of this process, in particular the informational inefficiency of the book-building process. In this essay we argue that the agency’s focus in regulating issuers going public should be on …

Bearer Negotiable Instruments: Addressing A Financial Intelligence Gap And Identifying Criminogenic Weaknesses, Hollis B. Kegg

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Bearer Negotiable Instruments (BNI) are a long-standing category of financial instruments used to transfer large amounts of money in ways that may not be subject to regulation, reporting, tracking, review, or oversight. There is limited information available on BNIs, and no evidence that any studies have been undertaken on BNIs alone, much less reported. Increasingly, BNIs are being used for illegal purposes including money laundering. This study gathers information about their characteristics, nature, purpose, legal status, and numbers. It also focuses on the crime risks associated with BNIs, the crime opportunities they facilitate, and the criminal weaknesses in the financial …

Impact Of Geographical Diversification And Limited Attention On Private Equity Fund Returns, Victor Ong

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This article analyzes the effect of geographical diversification on global private equity (PE) fund returns. We find that there is a negative correlation between geographical diversification and PE fund returns. To establish the causality between geographical diversification and PE fund returns, we employ an instrumental variable analysis where the instrument used is the stock market capitalization of the host country where the PE fund is based. Our results apply to Net IRR, TVPI and DPI as dependent variables used to proxy for PE fund returns in the main regression model. A one standard deviation increase in geographical diversification results in …

Opportunity And Challenges In Educational Tourism For Smes In India, Anup Kumar, Dr Santosh Srivastava

Journal of Emerging Technologies and Business Management

Opinion paper

Effect Of Environmental Factors On Daily New Cases Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Delhi, India, Santosh Shrivastava

Journal of Emerging Technologies and Business Management

This research study investigates the effect of environmental factors such as Maximum Temperature (TMAX), Minimum Temperature (TMIN), Average Temperature (TA), Rainfall mm per inch (RF), Air Quality Index AQI, Precipitation (PP), Humidity (HM) and Wind Speed (WD) on the daily new cases and deceased cases of COVID-19 pandemic in New Delhi, India. The secondary data of COVID-19 is taken from the Department of Health & Family Welfare Government of Delhi, India, while AQI data is extracted from the Meteorological Department of the government of India. The correlation approach is used to test the effect of AQI and temperature on the …

Is The World Heading Towards De-Globalization Due To Uncertain Conditions, Malay Kumar Ghosh

Journal of Emerging Technologies and Business Management

ABSTRACT

Globalization, Glocalization, Regionalization, Localization with Global approach, Hyper Localization and De-globalization are the buzz word for the present Global Economics . The world is going through metamorphic challenges due to international conflicting interest and national sovereignty changes in geo economic, military, political, diplomatic spectrum and demographic variations. Changes which not only transforming the world dynamics but have also affected the fate of countries relying on Globalization or Localization approach.

Thomas Friedman once stated “The world is flat”. Localization, Colonization, Regionalization, or Globalisation are the international phenomena which cannot be stopped at will or desisted. Globalisation has gone through …

Flexible Work Arrangements And Its Impact On Work-Life Balance, Anurag Shanker

Journal of Emerging Technologies and Business Management

“Flexible work arrangements” is a strategic part of the ecosystem of progressive organizations. There has been exponential increase in organizations that offer flexible work arrangements to their employees. Flexible work arrangements encompass various components which individually and collectively help in improving the overall wellbeing of the employees. The relaxations provided under flexible work arrangements improve the work-life balance of the employees significantly.

Determinantes Del Rendimiento De Los Bonos Verdes En Latam, Iván Camilo Andrés Carrión Bautista, Deisy Yurley Rojas Navia, Nelson Yedid Abril Fonseca

Maestría en Finanzas

El objetivo del presente estudio es aportar al conocimiento del mercado de bonos verdes y determinar los factores que influyen en su rendimiento en LATAM. La investigación posee una metodología con un enfoque cuantitativo de carácter descriptivo, para esto se recopiló un conjunto de 117 bonos verdes vigentes entre 2014 a 2022, correspondiente a los países emisores de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Perú. A partir de ello se construyó el modelo de datos panel correspondiente a 210 observaciones y un modelo de regresión por país compuesto por 42 observaciones del rendimiento promedio para cinco bonos verdes corporativos, uno …

Los Retos De La Bancarización En Colombia Para Mipymes: Inclusión Financiera En El Municipio De Girardot – Cundinamarca, Loren Daniela Osorio Arias, Erika Johana Peña Ramos, Jorge Andres Vásquez Infante

Maestría en Finanzas

En Girardot - Cundinamarca, la economía se sustenta en actividades como comercio, turismo y agricultura, con una predominancia de pequeñas y medianas empresas junto con trabajadores informales. No obstante, la disponibilidad limitada de servicios financieros ha obstaculizado su plena participación en la economía. La presente investigación se centró en identificar los desafíos específicos que enfrentan estas empresas en términos de bancarización e inclusión financiera. El enfoque metodológico abarcó una revisión bibliográfica, encuestas realizadas a Mipymes de la región y análisis de los datos recopilados para identificar los factores que influyen en la bancarización. La mayoría de los microempresarios en Girardot …

El Metaverso: Un Escenario De Oportunidades Financieras Para Empresas Del Sector Turístico En Colombia 2025-2035, Katalina Fonseca Ariza, Edgar Mauricio Ruiz Sánchez

Maestría en Finanzas

El sector turismo fue uno de los sectores más afectados a nivel mundial por la pandemia del Covid-19, según la organización mundial de turismo, para el año 2020 el sector tuvo un descenso del 70% como consecuencia de las restricciones de movilidad y el cierre fronterizo. Colombia por su parte tuvo un descenso de más del 65% en sus actividades de turismo y las medidas adoptadas en su mayoría se mantuvieron focalizadas en la protección de salubridad y vida de los colombianos. En ese sentido la organización mundial del turismo en búsqueda de sostenibilidad dentro del sector, ha replanteado nuevos …

Protección De La Industria Nacional En El Sector Agrícola, Ángela Fernanda Beltrán Martínez, Mariana Rodríguez Méndez, Daniela Valentina Sierra Cuadros

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

El presente estudio parte de la premisa que Colombia, a pesar de ser un país agrícola, le apuesta más a la importación que a la inversión de productos pertenecientes a este sector. Dado lo anterior y apoyado en una investigación de enfoque mixto, medición numérica y análisis estadístico, se realiza un estudio basado en dos productos (maíz y azúcar); partiendo de dos modelos econométricos que buscan explicar el crecimiento de las importaciones de cada producto a partir del análisis de la relación entre la variable dependiente con las variables independientes.

De los resultados se logró determinar que al evaluar la …

Implementación Del Fútbol Americano En Universidades Colombianas, Camilo Andrés León Ortiz

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

La falta de apoyo al deporte colombiano es evidente, pues desde el 2018 con el recorte presupuestal a infraestructura en el gobierno del ex presidente Juan Manuel Santos el cual fue del 67% a afectado el deporte, pasó de 587.000 mil millones a 221.000 mil millones según la revista el país, por tal razón la implementación de un deporte como el fútbol americano en las universidades ayudará a que desde las entidades privadas se tenga un apoyo o un apoyo para los estudiantes atletas. Con la implementación de este nuevo deporte que se está volviendo mundial se puede transformar la …

Retos Del Sector Exportador De Las Tecnologías De La Información Y Las Comunicaciones (Tic) En Colombia, Juan Camilo Pulido Fagua

Finanzas y Comercio Internacional

Aunque el sector de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC) en Colombia tiene una discreta participación en el comercio internacional e importancia en las exportaciones totales del país, tiene una prometedora expectativa de crecimiento dentro de los próximos años. Esto se debe a que, según las tendencias exportadoras, Colombia logrará hacer una transición en su oferta exportable, reemplazando los productos primarios, por productos con valor agregado como los del sector TIC, que cuentan con procesos de programación, fabricación, etc., generando una diferenciación y mayores valores comerciales. En este contexto, el objetivo general de esta investigación es determinar …

Information Sharing Between Mutual Funds And Auditors, Ole‐Kristian Hope, Pingui Rao, Yanping Xu, Heng Yue

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This paper examines whether there is information sharing between mutual funds and their auditors about the auditors’ other listed firm clients. Using data from the Chinese market, we find that mutual funds earn higher profits from trading in firms that share the same auditors. The effects are more pronounced when firms have a more opaque information environment and when the audit partners for the fund and the partners for the listed firm share school ties. The evidence is consistent with information flowing from auditors to mutual funds, providing mutual funds with an information advantage in firms that share the same …

Postmaterialism And Corporate Tax Avoidance, Jiwei Wang, Jiwei Wang, Kangtao Ye

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Using a proprietary dataset of China tax audits, we found that firms owned by investors from countries with higher postmaterialism values were less likely to engage in tax-avoidance behavior in China. In addition, we found some evidence that the negative association between postmaterialism and tax avoidance is more pronounced when tax enforcement is stronger, indicating that national culture and formal institutions act as complements. To check the external validity of our main results, we further used a cross-country sample from 21 countries over 22 years. The evidence from the cross-country sample was consistent with the findings obtained from the China …

Can Honesty Reminders Reduce Dishonesty In Budgetary Slack?, Wilfred W. H. Cheng, Chee Yeow Lim, Chi Kwan Yuen

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This study investigates the effect of honesty reminders on budgetary slack. Based on self-concept maintenance theory, the authors posit that honesty reminders can reduce budgetary slack by making people more aware of their own standards of honesty, resulting in more honest behavior. Using an experimental research design, the authors find evidence that honesty reminders reduce budgetary slack. The authors also find that although penalties can similarly reduce budgetary slack, they tend to cause distrust and resentment from subordinates. Therefore, honesty reminders may be a less costly method than penalties for reducing budgetary slack.

The Exit Theory Of Judicial Appraisal, William J. Carney, Keith Sharfman

Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law

For many years, we and other commentators have observed the problem with allowing judges wide discretion to fashion appraisal awards to dissenting shareholders based on widely divergent, expert valuation evidence submitted by the litigating parties. The results of this discretionary approach to valuation have been to make appraisal litigation less predictable and therefore more costly and likely. While this has been beneficial to professionals who profit from corporate valuation litigation, it has been harmful to shareholders, making deals costlier and less likely to be completed.

In this Article, we propose to end the problem of discretionary judicial valuation by tracing …

Money Creation And Bank Clearing, Nadav Orian Peer

Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law

Like many other countries, the U.S. money supply consists primarily of deposits created by private commercial banks. How we understand bank money creation matters enormously. We are currently witnessing a debate between two competing understandings. On the one hand, a long-standing conventional view argues that bank money creation originates in individual market transactions. Based on this understanding, the conventional view narrowly limits the scope of banking regulation to market failure correction. On the other hand, authors in a new legal literature emphasize the public aspects of bank money creation, characterizing it as a “public franchise,” a “public-private partnership,” and part …

Efecto De Las Fintech En La Inclusión Financiera Y Contribución En El Desarrollo Económico En La Localidad 4 (San Cristóbal, Upz La Gloria – Veinte De Julio) Bogotá, Hernán Darío Cuesta Poveda, Juan David Daza Hernández

Maestría en Finanzas

Colombia presenta, al cierre de 2021, un coeficiente Gini del 0,51, mostrando una clara tendencia en los últimos años hacia una desigualdad que afecta a más del 50% de la población. La exclusión financiera se destaca como uno de los principales factores de desigualdad, con la entrada de las Fintech, se busca disminuir esta tendencia, ya que han tenido un aporte significativo en la inclusión financiera, contribuyendo al desarrollo económico del país. Esta investigación analiza la contribución de las nuevas tecnologías financieras en aspectos como la inclusión financiera y los efectos que han tenido en la economía diaria, específicamente en …

Factores Que Inciden En El Cierre De Las Microempresas En El Sector Servicios De Bogotá En El Periodo 2019-2022, Lina María Collazos Cortes, Yenny Andrea Montaño Alfonso

Maestría en Finanzas

Las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (MiPymes) desempeñan un papel fundamental en el panorama empresarial colombiano, representando el 99% de las entidades comerciales. Las MiPymes contribuyen significativamente al PIB nacional, aportando aproximadamente el 40% de este, y generando el 80% de los empleos, según datos de la oficina de estudios económicos del Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo. La ciudad de Bogotá es reconocida por su sólido ecosistema empresarial, la inclusión del talento femenino y su liderazgo en el turismo de negocios, contribuyendo con un 31% al PIB. Sin embargo, en los años recientes se han presentado cierres de microempresas …

Productivity Working From Home During The Pandemic, Jacqueline M. Veglia

Honors Theses and Capstones

I will be focusing my research on productivity during working from home. Specifically I will be focusing on men versus women productivity levels working from home, as well as single women versus women with children. This research is also designed to investigate the extent of work employees do while working at home and their productivity levels. The Covid19 pandemic had a major impact on the working environment. People were stuck inside their houses and were not able to go to their offices for months to years and this is still an ongoing problem we are dealing with today. It can …