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United States History Commons

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George Fox University

2013

Articles 1 - 2 of 2

Full-Text Articles in United States History

Wampum, Tawagonshi, And The Two Row Belt, Paul Otto Jan 2013

Wampum, Tawagonshi, And The Two Row Belt, Paul Otto

Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics

This essay outlines the early history of wampum, explaining its origin, its value to Native Americans, and its first observations by Europeans. It then considers how wampum, as it existed in the 1610s, fits the role of wampum as described in the Tawagonshi document and fits with its manifestation in the Two Row Belt. The essay argues that key elements in the Tawagonshi document and the Two Row Belt itself are inconsistent with wampum use as recorded in archaeological, documentary, and visual sources. This finding does not discount the possibility of a Dutch-Native agreement similar to the one recorded in …


Common Practices And Mutual Misunderstandings: Henry Hudson, Native Americans, And The Birth Of New Netherland, Paul Otto Jan 2013

Common Practices And Mutual Misunderstandings: Henry Hudson, Native Americans, And The Birth Of New Netherland, Paul Otto

Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics

No abstract provided.