Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- European History (92)
- Political History (78)
- United States History (78)
- Cultural History (69)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (68)
-
- Philosophy (61)
- Social History (61)
- Religion (39)
- History of Religion (34)
- Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies (28)
- Political Science (23)
- English Language and Literature (22)
- History of Science, Technology, and Medicine (22)
- American Studies (20)
- Education (20)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (20)
- Sociology (20)
- Women's History (20)
- History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (19)
- History of Philosophy (19)
- Political Theory (19)
- Ethics and Political Philosophy (18)
- Public History (18)
- Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion (18)
- Classics (16)
- East Asian Languages and Societies (16)
- International and Area Studies (16)
- Institution
-
- City University of New York (CUNY) (59)
- Portland State University (17)
- Bard College (14)
- Claremont Colleges (11)
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville (11)
-
- James Madison University (9)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (9)
- University of Montana (9)
- University of New Orleans (8)
- University of Louisville (7)
- Western University (7)
- East Tennessee State University (6)
- University of Kentucky (5)
- Yale University (5)
- Bowdoin College (4)
- Olivet Nazarene University (4)
- University of Puget Sound (4)
- West Virginia University (4)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (3)
- Louisiana State University (3)
- Southern Methodist University (3)
- State University of New York College at Buffalo - Buffalo State College (3)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (3)
- University of New Hampshire (3)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (3)
- American University in Cairo (2)
- California State University, San Bernardino (2)
- Central Washington University (2)
- Duquesne University (2)
- Eastern Illinois University (2)
- Keyword
-
- History (19)
- Marxism (9)
- Religion (9)
- Cold War (8)
- Education (7)
-
- England (7)
- Intellectual History (7)
- Literature (7)
- Revolution (7)
- Slavery (7)
- Enlightenment (6)
- Christianity (5)
- Civil War (5)
- Liberalism (5)
- Modernity (5)
- Nationalism (5)
- Abolition (4)
- American Revolution (4)
- Biography (4)
- Capitalism (4)
- Intellectual history (4)
- Memory (4)
- Rhetoric (4)
- Rome (4)
- Russia (4)
- Secularism (4)
- Britain (3)
- British Empire (3)
- Colonialism (3)
- Communication (3)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (51)
- Dissertations and Theses (18)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (14)
- Doctoral Dissertations (13)
- Theses and Dissertations (11)
-
- University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations (8)
- Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (7)
- Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers (7)
- Masters Theses (7)
- CMC Senior Theses (6)
- History Theses (6)
- Masters Theses, 2010-2019 (6)
- Honors Projects (5)
- Honors Theses (5)
- Student Work (5)
- Undergraduate Honors Theses (5)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (4)
- Honors Program Theses (3)
- Honors Theses and Capstones (3)
- M.A. in Philosophy of History Theses (3)
- Scripps Senior Theses (3)
- Theses (3)
- Theses and Dissertations--History (3)
- Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2)
- Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects (2)
- Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations (2)
- History (2)
- History Theses and Dissertations (2)
- History Undergraduate Honors Theses (2)
- History Undergraduate Theses (2)
Articles 211 - 240 of 278
Full-Text Articles in Intellectual History
Romanus Sum Ergo Sum: Claims To Romanitas From Late Antiquity To The Dawn Of Humanism, Alexander Amir D'Alisera
Romanus Sum Ergo Sum: Claims To Romanitas From Late Antiquity To The Dawn Of Humanism, Alexander Amir D'Alisera
Senior Projects Spring 2015
Senior Project submitted to The Division of Social Studies and The Division of Languages and Literature of Bard College.
"Life, Liberty..." And The Law: John Adams' Political Thought During The American Revolution, Kelsey Anne Diemand
"Life, Liberty..." And The Law: John Adams' Political Thought During The American Revolution, Kelsey Anne Diemand
Honors Theses and Capstones
No abstract provided.
A Monastery For The Revolution: Ernesto Cardenal, Thomas Merton, And The Paradox Of Violence In Nicaragua, 1957-1979, Brendan Jordan
A Monastery For The Revolution: Ernesto Cardenal, Thomas Merton, And The Paradox Of Violence In Nicaragua, 1957-1979, Brendan Jordan
Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts
In 1957, a young Nicaraguan poet named Ernesto Cardenal, recently graduated from Columbia University, entered the Trappist Abbey of Gethsemani, located outside Louisville, Kentucky. There he met a prominent Catholic thinker and pacifist, Thomas Merton, who soon mentored young Cardenal. Though Cardenal departed Gethsemani in 1959, Merton continued to counsel him in spirituality, poetry, and social activism until Merton’s death in 1968. While Cardenal during these earlier years was a committed pacifist, his experiences after returning to Nicaragua in 1965 radically altered his view of social action. Cardenal established a semi-monastic community in the Solentiname islands in southern Nicaragua, and …
Making History: How Art Museums In The French Revolution Crafted A National Identity, 1789-1799, Anna E. Sido
Making History: How Art Museums In The French Revolution Crafted A National Identity, 1789-1799, Anna E. Sido
Scripps Senior Theses
This paper compares two art museums, both created during the French Revolution, that fostered national unity by promoting a cultural identity. By analyzing the use of preexisting architecture from the ancien régime, innovative displays of art and redefinitions of the museum visitor as an Enlightened citizen, this thesis explores the application of eighteenth-century philosophy to the formation of two museums. The first is the Musée Central des Arts in the Louvre and the second is the Musée des Monuments Français, both housed in buildings taken over by the Revolutionary government and present the seized property of the royal family and …
July 4, 1865: A Nation In Search Of Itself, Sorn A. Jessen
July 4, 1865: A Nation In Search Of Itself, Sorn A. Jessen
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The eighty-ninth anniversary of the declaration of American independence from Britain, on July 4, 1865, caught the nation at a critical time in its history. The great national crisis of civil war was over, but the nation had not yet re-united. The thesis argues that in the aftermath of the Civil War, American nationalism could not be reconstituted on neither an ethnic nor a civic model. Rather, on the eighty-ninth anniversary of Independence, the course of American Nationalism fell out along lines decreed by historical memory. The narrative construction of the past in the present constituted the only common thread …
Cases Of Conscience: The Supreme Court And Conscientious Objectors To Military Service During The Post World War Ii Era, Robert S. Rutherfurd
Cases Of Conscience: The Supreme Court And Conscientious Objectors To Military Service During The Post World War Ii Era, Robert S. Rutherfurd
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis examines the history of American conscientious objectors to military service during the aftermath of World War II. It describes why conscientious objectors were viewed with distrust and suspicion for their refusal to bear arms in defense of the nation and considers how groups such as the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars attempted to prevent COs from enjoying key benefits of U.S. citizenship by demanding that conscientious objectors be excluded from public employment and denied most forms of government assistance. This thesis focuses on decisions of the United States Supreme Court following World War II that …
“…Tamquam Civili Causa” – The Reception Of Vegetius And Frontinus In Geremia Da Montagnone’S Compendium Moralium Notabilium, Aaron J. Bolarinho
“…Tamquam Civili Causa” – The Reception Of Vegetius And Frontinus In Geremia Da Montagnone’S Compendium Moralium Notabilium, Aaron J. Bolarinho
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This thesis explores the transmission of the Epitome Rei Militaris of Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus and the Strategemata of Sextus Iulius Frontinus in the Compendium Moralium Notabilium. Completed by Paduan judge Geremiah of Montagnone in around 1310, the Compendium Moralium Notabilium is a large medieval florilegium contemporary with Thomas of Ireland’s Manipulus Florem. The Compendium is distinct from typical medieval florilegium due to its lay author, its internal organisation, and its inclusion of many classical Roman and Greek authors as well as common Italian proverbs and secular liturature. The Compendium also includes over 199 distinct selections from the military manuals …
Interpreting, Stephanie Jo Kent
Interpreting, Stephanie Jo Kent
Doctoral Dissertations
What do community interpreting for the Deaf in western societies, conference interpreting for the European Parliament, and language brokering in international management have in common? Academic research and professional training have historically emphasized the linguistic and cognitive challenges of interpreting, neglecting or ignoring the social aspects that structure communication. All forms of interpreting are inherently social; they involve relationships among at least three people and two languages. The contexts explored here, American Sign Language/English interpreting and spoken language interpreting within the European Parliament, show that simultaneous interpreting involves attitudes, norms and values about intercultural communication that overemphasize information and discount …
Discovering Brazil In Twentieth-Century France, 1930-1964: Franco-Brazilian Cultural Politics In The Era Of Decolonization, Andrew R. Dausch
Discovering Brazil In Twentieth-Century France, 1930-1964: Franco-Brazilian Cultural Politics In The Era Of Decolonization, Andrew R. Dausch
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation is a case study in the international exchange of ideas. It begins with the 1934-‐1940 French University Mission to establish the University of São Paulo—Brazil's premier institution of higher learning. I argue that the experiences and intellectual networks that French intellectuals formed with Brazilian social scientists in the 1930s provided a conceptual framework for thinking about France and its role in a postcolonial world. Brazil and its intellectual traditions forced thinkers such as Claude Lévi-‐Strauss, Fernand Braudel, and Roger Bastide to engage race and racial politics in a new key. By demonstrating the substantial links between Brazilian and …
The City Of Minas: The Founding Of Belo Horizonte, Brazil And Modernity In The First Republic, 1889-1897, Daniel Lee Mcdonald
The City Of Minas: The Founding Of Belo Horizonte, Brazil And Modernity In The First Republic, 1889-1897, Daniel Lee Mcdonald
Masters Theses
The foundation of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais in 1897 represents a pivotal moment in urban planning and the search for modernity in Brazil. This thesis argues that the decision to move the capital of Minas Gerais at the outset of the First Republic and the designing of the new city encompassed an evolving vision of modernity that helped establish the planned city as a means to transport Brazil into the future. It also situates the effort to build Belo Horizonte within the wider theoretical discourse on modernity and the development of urban spaces in Brazil. The …
The [Ftaires!] To Remembrance: Language, Memory, And Visual Rhetoric In Chaucer's House Of Fame And Danielewski's House Of Leaves, Shannon Danae Kilgore
The [Ftaires!] To Remembrance: Language, Memory, And Visual Rhetoric In Chaucer's House Of Fame And Danielewski's House Of Leaves, Shannon Danae Kilgore
Honors Program Theses
Geoffrey Chaucer's dream poem The House of Fame explores virtual technologies of memory and reading, which are similar to the themes explored in Danielewski's House of Leaves. "[ftaires!]", apart from referencing the anecdotal (and humorous) misspelling of "stairs" in House of Leaves, is one such linguistically and visually informed phenomenon that speaks directly to how we think about, and give remembrance to, our own digital and textual culture. This paper posits that graphic design, illustrations, and other textual cues (such as the [ftaires!] mispelling in House of Leaves] have a subtle yet powerful psychological influence on our reading and …
The Measure Of Wisdom: The Soul, Society And Justice, Travis A. Powers
The Measure Of Wisdom: The Soul, Society And Justice, Travis A. Powers
M.A. in Philosophy of History Theses
Following the insights of Eric Voegelin, this paper attempts to articulate a measuring tool by which Western civilization could test its health. The paper is centered on Plato’s existential principle, tracing its formulation and development through Greek tragedy and Socratic thought, first. The existential principle in its basic formulation is that a societal order reflects the type of people by whom it is composed; stated more tersely, the spirit of the people weave together the spirit of the society. An understanding of the existential principle is given by the example of when Socrates and Plato used the authority of the …
The Virtuous State: Polybius, Machiavelli, And The Idea Of Roman Virtue, Geoffrey Graham
The Virtuous State: Polybius, Machiavelli, And The Idea Of Roman Virtue, Geoffrey Graham
M.A. in Philosophy of History Theses
I will consider the writings of Polybius of Megalopolis (c. 200 BC – c. 118 BC) and those of Niccolò Machiavelli (1469 – 1527) on the subject of Roman virtue, discussing the concept of virtue, highlighting the conduct of specific Roman citizens, as well as analyzing the Roman constitution and the wider culture from which it arose. Examining the life and historical milieu of Polybius, I'll outline his major contributions to history, and end with a discussion of his conception of virtue in the Republican Roman context. Secondly, after a brief biographical sketch of Machiavelli and listing his significant works, …
Revolution Or Reform: Contradictions Within The Ideology And Actions Of The Black Panther Party, 1969-1970, Jana Cary-Alvarez
Revolution Or Reform: Contradictions Within The Ideology And Actions Of The Black Panther Party, 1969-1970, Jana Cary-Alvarez
Honors Program Theses
Surprisingly limited scholarship exists on the Black Panther Party, and much of that scholarship has an extremely divided view of the Party; either the Party is separatist or built alliances, either the Party is revolutionary or reformist. By studying the Black Panther newspaper in the year 1969, "The Year of the Panther," it becomes clear that the Party was all of these things. The party created alliances with a wide variety of groups while maintaining that they were a Black Power organization. It practiced revolutionary Communism while advocating reform of the American system. In short, the Black Panther Party was …
Merging The Principles Of Occultism And Anarchism, Kevin Todd Mclaren
Merging The Principles Of Occultism And Anarchism, Kevin Todd Mclaren
History
"Merging the Principles of Occultism and Anarchism" is an attempt to pinpoint the correlations between occult and/or esoteric belief systems and political anarchist philosophy. The paper analyzes the works, belief systems and philosophies of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Aleister Crowley and extracts the underlying anarchist principles that are embedded within them. This established connection to anarchism through occultism is reinforced by referencing various anarchist works, particularly the works of William Godwin.
Augustine, Wannabe Philosopher: The Search For Otium Honestum, Allen G. Wilson
Augustine, Wannabe Philosopher: The Search For Otium Honestum, Allen G. Wilson
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Comparison Of Focus And Audience Between Seneca’S Natural Questions And Pliny’S Natural History, Joshua Ely
Comparison Of Focus And Audience Between Seneca’S Natural Questions And Pliny’S Natural History, Joshua Ely
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
Around 65 AD, the Ancient Roman philosopher Seneca wrote his only text concerning Natural Phenomenon: Natural Questions. Considered since medieval times as part of a trinity of great thinkers including Plato and Aristotle, Seneca’s work in rhetoric, philosophy, and legal theory still receive praise today. The praise is not replicated for Natural Questions, however. Modern historians who consider the work paint it as uninspiring. Pliny, another Roman author and philosopher, wrote a far more encompassing and detailed work called Natural History, and it is this work that is considered the premier Roman comment on Natural Philosophy. These contemporaneous …
Resourcing The Postmodern Pastor: An Examination Of Young Pastors’ Attitudes And The Implications For Denominational Publishers, Bonnie J. Perry
Resourcing The Postmodern Pastor: An Examination Of Young Pastors’ Attitudes And The Implications For Denominational Publishers, Bonnie J. Perry
Ed.D. Dissertations
This study explored the influence of postmodernity on the changing attitudes of young pastors regarding spirituality and discipleship in their adult congregants. The purpose of this study was to educate and equip Christian publishers to resource young pastors who are ministering in a postmodern culture. The study focused on Church of the Nazarene pastors 35 years old or younger in the calendar year 2012, exploring their attitudes toward Christian faith, spirituality, and discipleship. At certain junctures in the study, the young pastors’ attitudes were compared to those of pastors who were 36 years or older in order to determine what …
The Unbreakable Circle: An Intellectual History Of Michel Foucault, Chris Mb Moreland
The Unbreakable Circle: An Intellectual History Of Michel Foucault, Chris Mb Moreland
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
The following is a chronologically ordered internal intellectual history of Michel Foucault. The objective of this analysis is to determine whether or not Foucault provides a viable critical social theory of bourgeois society. In order to examine this topic, I trace the development of Foucault’s thought during his early, pre-archaeological stage, his archaeological stage, and his genealogical stage. I frame Foucault’s stages as attempts to overcome Kant’s subject/object division—or the paradox that man operates as both a meaning-giving subject and an empirical object—that one encounters in discourses pertaining to the social sciences. Foucault’s pre-archaeological stage is characterized by two humanistic …
The Latin Readers Of Algazel, 1150-1600, Anthony H. Minnema
The Latin Readers Of Algazel, 1150-1600, Anthony H. Minnema
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation examines how Arabic works found an audience in medieval Europe and became a part of the Latin canon of philosophy. It focuses on a Latin translation of an Arabic philosophical work, Maqasid al-falasifa, by the Muslim theologian al-Ghazali, known as Algazel in Latin. This work became popular because it served as a primer for Arab philosophy and helped Latins understand a tradition that had built upon Greek scholarship for centuries. To find the translation’s audience, this project looks at two sets of evidence. It studies the works of Latin scholars who drew from Algazel’s arguments and illustrates …
William Beer: An Englishman's Role In Libraries, Literature And Society In New Orleans, 1891-1927, Remesia Shields
William Beer: An Englishman's Role In Libraries, Literature And Society In New Orleans, 1891-1927, Remesia Shields
University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
In 1891, an Englishman named William Beer arrived in New Orleans, Louisiana, to take up the position as librarian of Tulane University's Howard Library. Beer quickly gained a reputation as a competent and knowledgeable librarian by bolstering the Louisiana collection at the Howard Library with maps, rare books and Louisiana historical documents. In 1896, Beer played a central role in the organization and opening of the first free and public library in New Orleans, the Fisk Free and Public Library. Beer befriended many well-known authors of New Orleans literature including George Washington Cable, Grace King, Mollie Moore Davis and Mary …
Conservative Revolutionary Intellectuals In The Weimar Republic And National Socialist Germany: Carl Schmitt, Martin Heidegger, And Ernst Jϋnger, Vincent S. Betts
Conservative Revolutionary Intellectuals In The Weimar Republic And National Socialist Germany: Carl Schmitt, Martin Heidegger, And Ernst Jϋnger, Vincent S. Betts
History Theses
This thesis will examine the writings and career/life paths of three conservative revolutionary intellectuals during the Weimar Republic and National Socialist Germany. The purpose of this examination is not only to provide an overview of the development of conservative revolutionary thought in Germany after World War I, but also to investigate the influence these intellectuals had on the National Socialists' seizure and consolidation of power. The works and lives of three important intellectuals will be examined: Carl Schmitt, Martin Heidegger, and Ernst Jünger. In combination with scholarly secondary literature, this thesis will be based mostly on translated primary writings.
Who We Are: Incarcerated Students And The New Prison Literature, 1995-2010, Reilly Hannah N. Lorastein
Who We Are: Incarcerated Students And The New Prison Literature, 1995-2010, Reilly Hannah N. Lorastein
Honors Projects
This project focuses on American prison writings from the late 1990s to the 2000s. Much has been written about American prison intellectuals such as Malcolm X, George Jackson, Eldridge Cleaver, and Angela Davis, who wrote as active participants in black and brown freedom movements in the United States. However the new prison literature that has emerged over the past two decades through higher education programs within prisons has received little to no attention. This study provides a more nuanced view of the steadily growing silent population in the United States through close readings of Openline, an inter-disciplinary journal featuring …
A Problem Of Perception An Analysis Of The Formation, Reception, And Implementation Of National Socialist Ideology In Germany, 1919 To 1939, Derrick Angermeier
A Problem Of Perception An Analysis Of The Formation, Reception, And Implementation Of National Socialist Ideology In Germany, 1919 To 1939, Derrick Angermeier
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis seeks to dispel the notion that Nazi ideology was merely an afterthought to numerous actions taken by the Nazis. The first chapter discusses how Nazism’s earliest adherents internalized notions from World War I into an ideology that would motivate the early Nazi Movement to launch the Beer Hall Putsch. The second chapter focuses on the Nazi Party’s electoral tactics and how those actions correlated with entrenched Nazi ideological notions of recognition and community. Finally, the third chapter will seek to demonstrate that the numerous repressive measures implemented by the Third Reich were part of a general plan to …
Between Locke’S Two Tracts And The Essay On Toleration: Religious Toleration And The Power Of The Magistrate, Kevin W. Vansylyvong
Between Locke’S Two Tracts And The Essay On Toleration: Religious Toleration And The Power Of The Magistrate, Kevin W. Vansylyvong
Honors Theses and Capstones
No abstract provided.
Honor, Reputation, And Conflict: George Of Trebizond And Humanist Acts Of Self-Presentation, Karl R. Alexander
Honor, Reputation, And Conflict: George Of Trebizond And Humanist Acts Of Self-Presentation, Karl R. Alexander
Theses and Dissertations--History
The present study investigates the verbal strategies of self-presentation that humanist scholars employed in contests of honor during the early fifteenth century. The focus of this study is George of Trebizond (1395-1472/3), a Cretan scholar who emigrated to Italy in 1416, taught in Venice, Vicenza, and elsewhere, served as an apostolic secretary in Rome, and composed the first major humanist treatise on rhetoric, his Rhetoricorum libri quinque, in 1433/34. Trebizond feuded with many prominent humanists during his career, including Guarino of Verona (1374-1460) and Poggio Bracciolini (1380-1459). His quarrels with both men illustrate how humanist conflicts were the sites upon …
The Battle For The Mind Of Europe: The Ideological Warfare Of Orwell, Stalin And Mussolini, Tim Zellinger
The Battle For The Mind Of Europe: The Ideological Warfare Of Orwell, Stalin And Mussolini, Tim Zellinger
History
No abstract provided.
Ralph Raico: Champion Of Authentic Liberalism, Daniel P. Stanford
Ralph Raico: Champion Of Authentic Liberalism, Daniel P. Stanford
History Theses
ABSTRACT OF THESIS
Ralph Raico: Champion of Authentic Liberalism
This paper explores the intellectual life and writings of Professor Emeritus in History at Buffalo State College, Ralph Raico. The central thesis seeks to portray Professor Raico as the great modern libertarian revisionist historian, and the great modern champion of historical, classical liberalism. More broadly, the work attempts to solidify Professor Raico’s reputation as a major figure in the modern American libertarian movement.
Raico’s intellectual foundations are fully developed, beginning from grade school at Bronx High School of Science, to his attendance of Ludwig von Mises’s New York University seminar, to …
Une Éthique De La Modestie Dans Les Essais De Montaigne (Towards A Modest Ethics In Montaigne's Essays), Catherine Parker Sweatt
Une Éthique De La Modestie Dans Les Essais De Montaigne (Towards A Modest Ethics In Montaigne's Essays), Catherine Parker Sweatt
Scripps Senior Theses
La plupart des lectures contemporaines des Essais ignore la pensée morale de Montaigne. Ici, je maintiens que Montaigne épouse ‘une éthique de la modestie’ en même temps qu’il rejette toute éthique normative. En particulier, je cherche à aborder comment Montaigne suggère que nous connaissons la vertu et agissons si deux individus ne partagent pas le même perspective et on ne peut pas être le même sujet éthique deux fois. Je vais commencer par discuter la position épistémique de Montaigne par rapport aux universels pour illustrer comment Montaigne met en question l’universalité des lois éthiques et un bien connu a priori …
Pure Land And The Social Order In Twelfth-Century China: An Investigation Of "Longshu’S Treatise On Pure Land", Trevor Davis
Pure Land And The Social Order In Twelfth-Century China: An Investigation Of "Longshu’S Treatise On Pure Land", Trevor Davis
Student Work
A 2012-2013 William Prize for best essay in East Asian Studies was awarded to Trevor Davis (Saybrook College '13) for his essay submitted to the History Department, “Pure Land and the Social Order in Twelfth-Century China: An Investigation of Longshu’s Treatise on Pure Land.” (Valerie Hansen, Professor of History, advisor.)
Davis' essay makes a powerful argument about the Pure Land Buddhist Wang Rixiu's understanding of Southern Song (1127-1279) society. Although Pure Land Buddhism is often thought to be egalitarian - or at least to challenge traditional hierarchies - Trevor shows that for Wang Rixiu, an egalitarian Pure Land coexists …