African History Commons^™

Fraternity, Martyrdom And Peace In Burundi: The Forty Servants Of God Of Buta, Jodi Mikalachki

Journal of Global Catholicism

During Burundi's 1993-2005 civil war, students at Buta Minor Seminary were ordered at gunpoint to separate by ethnicity—Hutus over here, Tutsis over there! They chose instead to join hands and affirm their common identity as children of God. The forty students killed were quickly proclaimed martyrs of fraternity. Their costly solidarity defused the cry for reprisals and continues to inspire Burundians and others on the path of reconciliation. Drawing on fifty interviews with survivors, parents of martyrs, neighbors, religious leaders and other Burundian intellectuals, this essay examines how Burundian Catholics understand the significance of the Buta martyrdom to their …

Amjambo Africa! (December 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Film: .......................................2/3

Le Intersection/Le Carrefour Zamzam Elmoge Black Owned Maine/Amjambo Holiday Gift Guide. ...........4/5

Editorial......................................6

Healthcare in Chad ...................8

French • Kinyarwanda Portuguese • Somali • Spanish Swahili

Poetry: My version of the American dream ......................13

Hermenegildo Paulo and Mathilde Micomyiza...............14

Diversity Calendar project.....16

Finance/All about cars............18

Columns. ............................18/19

Preble Street • MIRC • ILAP Maine Equal Justice • IntWork

5 New Mainers celebrate holidays...............................20-29

French • Kinyarwanda Portuguese • Somali • Spanish Swahili

Community Health Workers/CHOWs....................28

New Voices...............................29

Rupal Ramesh Shah • Roseline Souebele

Humanitarian crisis in Maine.31

Amjambo Africa! (November 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Afghanistan................................2

Anti-racism. ...............................3

Wabanaki Alliance. ...................5

Allan Monga. .............................6

Translations .......9-13, 30/31, 33

French • Kinyarwanda

Portuguese • Somali

Spanish • Swahili

Africa/COVID.........................13

Banyamulenge....................13/14

Burundi/UN. ...........................14

Tigray........................................14

Rebels........................................14

Market Basket..........................15

Azerbaijani women.................18

Health & Wellness. ............20-29

Diabetes | COVID In English & translation

Columns .......................19, 32/33

Maine Equal Justice

ILAP – IntWork

Let’s Talk • Beautiful Blackbird

New Voices ..................34/35/37

Dr. Abdullahi Ahmed

Rupal Ramesh Shah

Nsiona Nguizani

Coco McCracken

Gashi

Kifah Abdulla

Financial Literacy. ...................36

Tips & Info ...39

Amjambo Africa! (October 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Afghanistan................................2

Refugees......................................3

Freedom & Captivity...........3/39

Election special. .....................4-7

Editorial/Xenophobia ...............8

Translations...............9-13/30-31

News from Burundi ................14

Fishermen feeding Mainers...15

Beautiful Blackbird Festival ...17

Hope Acts.................................17

Education............................18/19

Dr. Abdullahi Ahmed

Valerie Laure Bilogue

Bez Mendelsohn

Health&Wellness ...............20-28

Substance abuse & addiction Covid and Delta In English & translation

New Voices columns ...16/34/35

Rupal Ramesh Shah (16),

Roseline Souebele

Nsiona Nguizani

Coco McCracken

Shay Stewart-Bouley

Zabrina Richards

Columns ............................29/32

Maine Equal Justice ILAP• MIRC

Business Insurance

Financial literacy... ............33

ProsperityME ....................36/37

Landmine Removal In Post-Conflict Rwanda: The Connection Between Demining, Reconstruction, And Reconciliation, Riley Hinklin

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Landmine contamination negatively impacts the health, safety, and economic potential of the affected community. As such, removal of landmines, or demining, is an essential part of post-conflict recovery. Tied to this idea, is the idea of mine action, which goes beyond just demining to include other measures such as education and assistance to help the communities impacted by mines. This study looks at the application of the principles of mine action in Rwanda, a country which saw landmines used during the civil war and 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi. From there, the study explores possible connections between mine action and …

The Modern-Day Sand War: A New Dimension Of The Morocco-Algeria Conflict Explored Through Youth, Alec Stimac

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Since the 1963 Sand War, there has been a constant progression of tension between the countries of Morocco and Algeria. From physical space–the Western Sahara and border denotation–to diplomatic relations, Morocco and Algeria may never be the same after their colonization in the early 19th century. Due to the rise in extremist rhetoric, political accusations, economic instability, and social violence, the Moroccan-Algerian relationship can only get worse from here. Do these signs point to a modern-day Sand War approaching? This paper seeks to examine the existence of a modern-day Sand War and its consequences, specifically through the lens of youth …

A Hidden Emergency: Transgenerational Inheritance In The Next Generation Of Rwandans, Neila Gross

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Cases of physiological and psychological health disorders in the generation succeeding generation of the 1994 genocide are rising at an alarming pace. The presented work herein details a qualitative and quantitative approach to understanding the transmission of trauma from the surviving population of the 1994 Genocide Against Tutsi in their offspring using the APA PTSD System Scale-Interview (PSS-I). Several variables including age, gender and background were employed in this study. The results indicate that offspring born of targeted survivors of the 1994 Genocide Against Tutsi show increased trends of experiencing PTSD symptoms with children born in 1994 exhibiting the greatest …

Amjambo Africa! (September 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Afghanistan..........................2/39

Burundi/Cameroon.....3/34 - 35

Education . ...........................4 - 9

Publshers Editorial Afghanistan.........................10

Translations........................11-13

World Market Basket........14/15

African Weddings...................16

Beautiful Blackbird Children’s Festival.................................17

Columns...18/19/31

New!

Health&Wellness...............22-30 Covid-19 and Delta variant In English & translation

New!

New Voices.........................32/33

Columnists

Kifah Abdullah,

Rupal Ramesh Shah,

Roseline Souebele

Nsiona Nguizani

Gashi

In honor of National Hispanic Heritage Month!......................39

Maine organizations serving Spanish speakers...

Spanish coming in October!

Amjambo Africa! (August 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Murder in Chad.....................2

Healthcare ..............................2

Attacks in Burundi................3

“I Wish My Teacher Knew...” 4

Weddings & Community ....6

Remote Theater Project......12

World Market Basket..........14

Housing in Lewiston .....16/17

Call me Coach Steph! .........18

Tips & Info. ..........................20

Zamzam Elmoge .................22

Dental care. ..........................31

Columns

Rupal Ramesh Shah. ...........13

Kirsten Cappy. .....................19

Financial literacy. ................21

Roseline Souebele................24

Nsiona Nguizani..................24

Theo (our newest columnist!).

24 MIRC ....................................25

ILAP......................................25

Northern Light. ...................26

Insurance..............................26

Maine Equal Justice ............29

Translations

French .....................................8

Swahili ....................................9

Somali. ..................................10

Kinyarwanda........................22

Portuguese............................23

Spanish coming soon!

Amjambo Africa! (July 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Juneteenth..................................2

Beautiful Blackbird Festival.....3

Publisher’s Editorial..................6

Immigration & the workforce.11

Finding freedom from Trauma Part II..................................12/19

World Market Basket .............14

Food for All Mobile Market

African beef & sauce with Eugénie Kipoy

Nouveaux Romans: reviews of recent novels by Francophone authors A partnership with Bates College .......................15/16/17

Sending money home ............20

Finance.....................................21

Columns. ......................24/25/26

Nigeria bans Twitter ...............27

Bombay Mahal ........................28

Tips&Info for Maine ..............29

ICE in Maine..................30/31

Translations

French .................................8

Swahili ................................9

Somali ...............................10

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

Archaeology And Settlement Histories Along The Pra River, Southern Ghana, Circa 500 B.C. – Ad 1970, Samuel Amartey

Dissertations - ALL

Archaeological and historical data are used to examine transformations in settlement organizationand settlement patterns along the Pra River, southern Ghana, from the first millennium BC to the mid-twentieth century. The study’s focus is on Supomu Island and Wawase, two abandoned settlement sites located in the lower reaches of the Pra River, 15 kilometers north of the coastal trading and port town of Shama. Mapping of surface features, surface collections, shovel test pits, and test excavations are used to document intra- and inter-site artifact distributions. These lines of evidence are used in conjunction with historical sources to explore the processes of …

Amjambo Africa! (May 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Chad’s president dies.........2/3

Corruption in Africa.........2/3

Maine & slave trade..............5

Vaccine pause/editorial .......6

Portland Empowered..........12

Onyx Emelo photo essay ...13

Liberation Farms photo essay.......................14

A taste of Jamaica................15

Support for AAPIcommunity........................17

Midcoast Literacy................18

Amran Osman.....................19

Minorities in Healthcare....20

Finance.................................21

Guest Columnists/community voices.....................24/25/26

Ekhlas Ahmed.....................27

Ryan Adams.........................28

Cynthia McGuirl.................28

Navigating benefits.............29

Racial justice........................31

Translations

French..................................7

Swahili.................................8

Somali..................................9

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

The United States And Portuguese Angola: Space, Race, And The Cold War In Africa, Alex J. Marino

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is an international history of the role of the United States in the process of decolonization in Angola, a former colony of Portugal. I argue that the United States embraced Portugal, Angola, and neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo as irreplaceable Cold War allies. Decolonization in Africa challenged America’s relationship with all three countries, as competing forces within the American public called for Washington to adopt an anti-colonial, anti- racist ideology, while others demanded their government to support white supremacy at home and abroad. Decolonization in Angola, a protracted liberation struggle that started in 1961 and lasted until 1974, …

Amjambo Africa! (April 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

COVID-19 denial in Burundi and Tanzania.....................2

Cameroonian deportations..3

In Her Presence .................4/5

Health care

Vaccine Q&A

Amjambo’s 3rd birthday.......6

MEBIC..................................10

Dr. Shah on vaccine safety.11

Magufuli of Tanzania..........12

World Market Basket..........14

Farming

African donuts

Soil safety..............................15

Baking Academy.................18

Bikes for all Mainers...........19

Childcare..............................20

Finance................................21

Columns & letters..............................24/25/26/27

Bangor/DEI..........................28

Novruz Festival....................29

Gisele Mukundwa...............31

Musical diversity.................31

Translations

French..................................7

Swahili.................................8

Somali..................................9

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

Amjambo Africa! (March 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Museveni of Uganda..........2/3

College applications andscholarships ........................4/5

Publisher’s Editorial/BetterDays Ahead? ..........................6

Translations

French ............................7/24

Swahili............................8/24

Somali ............................9/24

Kinyarwanda...............20/24

Portuguese ...................21/24

Influential Black leaders .....10

Community masks fromTracey Sesselberg.................11

World Market Basket ..........12

Fishermen feed MainersHealthy cooking with Yvonne ElingaOrganization updates .........13

Burundi Star.........................14

Messan Jordan Benissan inCamden ................................15

Photo essay/Onyx Emelo ...16

Helping kids in Angola.......17

News from Africa................18

Avoiding scams & fraud .....19

Biden proposes immigration changes .................................27

State Building In Post Conflict Rwanda: Popular Participation Of Citizen In Local Conflict Mitigation, Innocent Ndahiriwe

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

When studying local state building this article addresses the questions how does state led conflict mitigation in post conflict Rwanda work? How is it experienced by the citizens in terms of participation, accountability and local state legitimacy? Theoretically, the study engages with literature on state-building, state society relations and local conflict mitigation. The study’s findings have indicated that the citizens’ contribution to local state-building was still modest due to low motivation among the citizens involved in the conflict mitigation process due to insufficient resources and infrastructure in the conflict mitigation process, despite the fact that the state has granted legal …

Amjambo Africa! (February 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In This Issue

buyoya’s legacy ............................2/3

lockdown in Tchad .....................2/3

lewiston equity Committee .......4/5

editorial ...........................................6

News from africa ..........................10

MlK Day ..................................10/15

Diversity Northern light .............11

World Market basket ...................12

basbousa with Nahla alsafarSomali cooperativesyouth programming ...............13/24

‘Temperature’ by Zoza ................14

Jalali to release new book ............15

Immigration reform ......................16

Help with tax season ....................19

Columns ...................................22/23

Pam leo .........................................26

Translations

French ...........................................7

Swahili ..........................................8

Somali ...........................................9

Kinyarwanda .............................20

Portuguese ................................21

Family Matters: Feminist Nationalism In 20th Century Egypt, Harry Malinowski

History - Master of Arts in Teaching

I. Synthesis Essay………………………………..2

II. Primary Documents and Headnotes………..23

III. Textbook Critique…………………………….34

IV. New Textbook Entry………………………….37

V. Bibliography…………………………………...41

Amjambo Africa! (January 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In This Issue

COVID and women......................2/3

Reza Jalali..........................................4

Editorial............................................6

Translations

French ............................................7

Swahili............................................8

Somali ............................................9

Kinyarwanda...............................20

Portuguese..................................21

News from Africa..........................10

Scholarship.....................................11

Year in Review..........................12/13

Celebrating Diversity....................16

Finance .............................................9

Insurance........................................22

Roseline Souebele.........................22

Rupal Shah.....................................23

Dora Mills.......................................23

Long Hungry Winter.....................24

Education Academy ................26/27

#Aminext: The Link Between European Colonization And Gender-Based Violence In Contemporary South Africa, Jenna Meredith Pagel

Capstone Showcase

Alarmingly, the female murder rate in South Africa is five times the global average (BBC News 2019). According to data from 2017 and 2018, a woman is murdered every four hours in South Africa (Wilkinson 2019). More than 30 women were killed by their spouses in August 2019, and at least 137 sexual offenses are committed per day in South Africa (Francke 2019).

For this thesis, and in order to understand why South Africa has some of the highest rates of violence against women in the world, I consult a number of scholars who conclude that the overall issue of …