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Articles 1 - 30 of 63
Full-Text Articles in History
The Unwavering Movement: Integrating Reason Into British Penal Code 1730-1823, Rebecca M. Good
The Unwavering Movement: Integrating Reason Into British Penal Code 1730-1823, Rebecca M. Good
International ResearchScape Journal
Between the early 16th and 18th centuries, English attitude towards crime and correction were based on the strong held belief that faith and religion were the only cure to immorality. Lawmakers began to threaten citizens with capital punishment for menial crimes such as petty theft and begging. Resulting of a moral panic, lawmakers turned to the deterrence to dissuade citizens from partaking in criminal activity. The list of crimes punishable by death in England rose from 50 offenses in 1688 to over 220 in 1815. This article explains the origins of the Bloody Code and how Enlightenment-Era thought …
Between The Circle And The Line: Ibn Khaldun’S View Of History And Change, Allen James Fromherz
Between The Circle And The Line: Ibn Khaldun’S View Of History And Change, Allen James Fromherz
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Historians from many different eras and contexts have viewed history and historical change as either linear or circular in nature. Giambattista Vico (d. 1744 CE), the Italian philosopher and historian, organized history in a cyclical way as different nations and peoples rise and fall. At the same time, according to Vico (2000), humanity was destined towards equity. Sima Qian of China (d. 86 BCE) viewed the past as a series of circular attempts to restore the Mandate of Heaven and consolidate central power, attempts that were then followed by breakdowns into feudal states (Qian, 1995). For Qian, history seemed to …
The Twisted Mirror Of Perception: Social Science In Service Of Political/Ideological Expediency -- The Case Of Russian Eurasianism, Dimtry Shlapentokh
The Twisted Mirror Of Perception: Social Science In Service Of Political/Ideological Expediency -- The Case Of Russian Eurasianism, Dimtry Shlapentokh
Comparative Civilizations Review
There are many reasons why certain creeds or phenomena from foreign countries remain unknown in the West. They could be almost totally ignored for decades before becoming interesting to the scholarly community and general public until, eventually, works about them become published by the leading presses.
Readers: An Invitation To A Continuing Debate, Joseph Drew
Readers: An Invitation To A Continuing Debate, Joseph Drew
Comparative Civilizations Review
The organization was created in 1961, with a conference held at Salzburg, Austria. Scholars gathered there under the auspices of UNESCO for six days in October. Among those present were Pitirim Sorokin and Arnold Toynbee. The topics included the definition of the word “civilization,” problems in the analysis of complex cultures, civilizational encounters in the past, the Orient vs. the Occident, problems of universal history, theories of historiography, and the role of the social sciences and the humanities in globalization.
The Comparative Study Of Civilizations And Its Relation To China, David Wilkinson
The Comparative Study Of Civilizations And Its Relation To China, David Wilkinson
Comparative Civilizations Review
Chinese scholars have recently expressed much interest in the comparative study of civilizations, lately carried on mostly in the West, but long open to, and increasingly of interest to, diverse perspectives. This essay is intended to suggest a road toward the development of comparative-civilizational studies centered on some questions of both historical and contemporary significance, with particular attention to one question concerning which the initial presuppositions of Western and Chinese scholars, in particular, may be at variance, but where there may be room for the development of agreed empirical-theoretical conclusions.
Phoenicians: The Quickening Of Western Civilization, John C. Scott
Phoenicians: The Quickening Of Western Civilization, John C. Scott
Comparative Civilizations Review
A relatively recent field of inquiry, Phoenician and Punic studies covers much the same time and geographical areas as Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic Greek and Roman history.1 Adjacent fields include economic, business, writing, agricultural, nautical, and biblical history. Scholarship today is moving beyond the Hellenocentric and Romanocentric viewpoints and the record of Phoenician history is increasingly seen as critical for understanding European origins.
Chiming The Hours Of History: The Historiosophy Of Pitirim A. Sorokin As A Spring Of His Integralistic Sociocultural Paradigm, Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov
Chiming The Hours Of History: The Historiosophy Of Pitirim A. Sorokin As A Spring Of His Integralistic Sociocultural Paradigm, Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov
Comparative Civilizations Review
The purpose here is to present an original rethinking of the genesis, evolution, essence, role, place, and significance of the philosophical and historical views of the great Russian and American philosopher, sociologist and educator Pitirim A. Sorokin. In addition, an attempt will be made to determine their place and role in his scholarly work, as well as in the world’s treasury of the highest achievements of the human spirit.
The Element-Based Method Of Civilization Study, Andrew Targowski
The Element-Based Method Of Civilization Study, Andrew Targowski
Comparative Civilizations Review
The purpose: to define the element-based method of studying civilization with a meaningful contribution to contemporary life. The methodology: the transdisciplinary, big-picture view of human development on Earth based on graphic modeling of civilizational elements, their relations, and dynamics. The findings: about 200+ civilizational elements have been recognized within about 500 possible elements of society, culture, and infrastructure. Practical implications: today, civilization infrastructure challenges society and culture, which can lead to the fall of the Homo sapiens race and the rise of a human-machine race. Moreover, one of the options will be the rise of designer babies and the dichotomy …
Spengler’S “Magian” Classification Applied To An Unrecognized Ecumene: The Near East, 1500 To 0 Bce, David B. Richardson
Spengler’S “Magian” Classification Applied To An Unrecognized Ecumene: The Near East, 1500 To 0 Bce, David B. Richardson
Comparative Civilizations Review
My aim in the following discussion was to determine from the historical evidence that small group of ideas, metaphysical assumptions, and attitudes which made up the core of the Magian I psychological world-outlook. The latter two-thirds of the essay is devoted to this problem, while the first third is concerned with the evidence for the very existence in the first millennium B.C. of a Near Eastern worldview of the same order as that of Greece, Europe, China, and India.
A Physics For Civilization, Arthus S. Iberall
A Physics For Civilization, Arthus S. Iberall
Comparative Civilizations Review
A highly accomplished polymath, Arthur Iberall (1918-2002) served as an executive board member of the ISCSC as well as a long-time member and a distinguished participant in the ISCSC annual meetings. He was an expert on complex systems thinking.
Radio Maria Transylvania: National Representation, Prayer, And Intersubjectivity In A Growing Catholic Media Network, Marc Roscoe Loustau
Radio Maria Transylvania: National Representation, Prayer, And Intersubjectivity In A Growing Catholic Media Network, Marc Roscoe Loustau
Journal of Global Catholicism
This article examines the public discourse of a Radio Maria Transylvania, a growing Catholic media network for members of the Hungarian ethnic minority in Romania. I look at two primary narratives: first, accounts about how the network was founded in the mid-2000s. And second, listeners’ prayers to the Virgin Mary published on the media network’s web site. Acts of petitioning powerful others for assistance on behalf of a family are central features of Radio Maria Transylvania’s storytelling–on behalf of a national family in the case of the network’s origin narratives and a natal family in the case of prayers to …
The Promises And Perils Of Radio As A Medium Of Faith In A Q’Eqchi’-Maya Catholic Community, Eric Hoenes Del Pinal
The Promises And Perils Of Radio As A Medium Of Faith In A Q’Eqchi’-Maya Catholic Community, Eric Hoenes Del Pinal
Journal of Global Catholicism
Because their parish is large, dispersed, and overwhelmingly rural, FM radio is one of the few reliable means through which the Q’eqchi’-Maya Catholics of San Felipe in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, can communicate with each other en masse. Yet, because it is a one-way medium, it is also impossible to gauge how its intended audience is responding, or if is even there to receive broadcasted messages. Drawing on ethnographic material collected in 2005 (on the use of radio broadcasting to call together ritual participants) and 2016 (on an ultimately failed attempt to launch a radio station to serve rural parishioners), …
Introduction: Mediating Catholicisms: Studies In Aesthetics, Authority, And Identity, Eric Hoenes Del Pinal, Marc Roscoe Loustau, Kristin Norget
Introduction: Mediating Catholicisms: Studies In Aesthetics, Authority, And Identity, Eric Hoenes Del Pinal, Marc Roscoe Loustau, Kristin Norget
Journal of Global Catholicism
No abstract provided.
Overview & Acknowledgements, Mathew Schmalz
Overview & Acknowledgements, Mathew Schmalz
Journal of Global Catholicism
No abstract provided.
Empowerment, Resistance And The Birth Control Pill: A Feminist Analysis Of Contraception In The Developing World, Abigail S. Trombley
Empowerment, Resistance And The Birth Control Pill: A Feminist Analysis Of Contraception In The Developing World, Abigail S. Trombley
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Politics, Economics and World Affairs
The vast majority of literature on the use of contraception focuses on its frequently documented connection to socioeconomic development. Thus, contraception has become a favored programmatic element of western organizations that deliver it to women in the developing world. I analyze discourse from transnational organizations that advocate for women’s use of birth control in the developing world, as well as deliver contraceptive services themselves, in order to uncover the dominance of liberal, capitalist assumptions therein. A primary consequence of this discourse is the reconstruction of colonial relations between the global north and global south. My alternative analysis, informed by a …
In Pursuit Of Healing And Memories: Cross-Border Ukrainian Pilgrimage To A Polish Shrine, Iuliia Buyskykh
In Pursuit Of Healing And Memories: Cross-Border Ukrainian Pilgrimage To A Polish Shrine, Iuliia Buyskykh
Journal of Global Catholicism
I present an analysis of Roman Catholic, Greek Catholic and Orthodox pilgrimages to Kalwaria Pacławska in south-east Poland near the Polish-Ukrainian border. Before World War II, there were two pilgrimage sites in Kalwaria Pacławska, one Roman Catholic and the other Greek Catholic. Today, Ukrainian pilgrimage is quite a diverse phenomenon, consisting of people of both Ukrainian and Polish origin, and the three Christian denominations. The approach to pilgrimage as a palimpsest can broaden the research perspective of mobile religiosities and reconsider the interactions between religious motivations, sacred sites, memories, experiences, and storytelling through space and time. In my research case, …
Film Review: The Impure: An Abolitionist Documentary Film Of The 19th Century Traffic In Jewish Women, Caroline Norma
Film Review: The Impure: An Abolitionist Documentary Film Of The 19th Century Traffic In Jewish Women, Caroline Norma
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
No abstract provided.
Once Upon A Time...When A Revolution Evolved To A Civil War In Syria, Crystal M. Myers
Once Upon A Time...When A Revolution Evolved To A Civil War In Syria, Crystal M. Myers
The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research
This paper gives an overview of how the conflict in Syria has evolved from a revolution into a sectarian civil war. Power is maintained by the ruling Assad family through promotion of the Alawite minority within the government and military. Methods of persecution on the Sunni majority by the Assad government are discussed as well as a policy of strategic expulsion of the Sunni enclave to Idlib, a city on the outskirts of Syria (bordering Turkey).
Multiple Identities: Touchstones In Terrorism, Democratic Institutions, And The Rule Of Law, Mary Frances Lebamoff
Multiple Identities: Touchstones In Terrorism, Democratic Institutions, And The Rule Of Law, Mary Frances Lebamoff
Comparative Civilizations Review
This paper explores the underlying, foundational politico-social theories and themes that relate closely to radicalization, terrorism, democracy and the rule of law. It examines factors (touchstones) critical to these areas (political violence, terrorism, rule of law and democracy, along with democratic institutions). Some of these touchstones include the ‘lenses’ of identities, tribalism, and contrasts between identities, including cultural, linguistic, socialization and civilizational aspects.
In China's Vanguard Civilization: Is There Shelter For The Third World?, Tseggai Isaac
In China's Vanguard Civilization: Is There Shelter For The Third World?, Tseggai Isaac
Comparative Civilizations Review
This paper looks at China’s civilizational and modernization heritages. Its ancient civilization is described as the first phase of China’s civilization. In the first phase, China’s Civilization was stellar, and creative, possessing well–structured bureaucratic institutions with phenomenal capacities for artistic production and the advancement of high sciences. The second phase of China’s civilization reflects its current modernization, one inspired and operationalized by Marxism and Maoism. The earlier phase of China’s Civilization was aloof, benign, self-sufficient, reticent and reluctant to attract untoward global attention. This ancient civilization, rooted in the organic soil of China itself, was holistic, robust on its own …
Didier Maleuvre. The Art Of Civilization, A Bourgeois History. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, Pedro Geiger
Didier Maleuvre. The Art Of Civilization, A Bourgeois History. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, Pedro Geiger
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
Comparative Civilizations Review No. 80 Full Issue, Comparative Civilizations Review
Comparative Civilizations Review No. 80 Full Issue, Comparative Civilizations Review
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
Walter Benesch, 1932-2017, Laina Farhat-Holzman
Walter Benesch, 1932-2017, Laina Farhat-Holzman
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
Front Matter, Comparative Civilizations Review
Front Matter, Comparative Civilizations Review
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.