History Commons^™

Romani American History: Historical Absences And Their Consequences, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

American historians have created an historical absence by ignoring Romani people’s presence in evidence from the past. The origins of this “absence-ing” are multifaceted and interrelated, but fundamentally stem from the continued influence of out-of-date and unprofessional ways of thinking and knowing. Examining and understanding “absence-ing” requires a consideration of the nature of the discipline of history as well as a history of the missing historicization of Romani Americans. The consequences of the “absence-ing” of Romani people from American histories have negatively and distinctively influenced four different groups of people: historians of the Americas; historians of Romani people in Europe; …

Sites Of Incarceration And Forced Labour Under The Nazi Regime And Its Allies, 1933-1945, Maja Kruse, Anne Kelly Knowles

History Faculty Scholarship

This map was commissioned by the United Nations Education Outreach Section to be part of a refreshed permanent Holocaust exhibition at UN headquarters in New York City. The contents of the map draw on years of research by Anne Kelly Knowles, Maja Kruse, and other members of the Holocaust Project research team at the University of Maine, Duke University, Washington University at St. Louis, and Middlebury College. This research was supported chiefly by grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities, with additional support from team members' institutions. No territorial boundaries are shown because they changed many times from 1938 …

Contagion, Causality, And Circumspection In A Late-Mamluk Digest Of Natural Philosophy, Joseph Leonardo Vignone

History Faculty Scholarship

Like many men born to scholarly families at the turn of the fifteenth century, ʿAbd Allāh Ibn Ayyūb al-Qādirī moved from Damascus to Cairo as a young adult to pursue a career in law. Though this legal career soon foundered, Ibn Ayyūb gained a reputation in Cairo for perfectly embodying the pietistic and professional ideals of the Islamic learned elite, or ulama. In this article, I introduce this hitherto unstudied figure of the late Mamluk era with reference to his treatise on a major scholarly debate of his day: the extent to which natures, or the elemental composition of celestial …

Louisiana Bohemians: Community, Race, And Empire, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

In 1720, thirteen deported French Bohemian (Romani) families disembarked in the floundering Louisiana colony. Anti-Bohemian sentiment combined with a growing French Empire in need of able-bodied and reproductive laborers to dislocate these families from their already precarious lives. Over the next century, as Louisiana increasingly developed along new and more intransigent racialized lines, Bohemians navigated and helped construct this emergent racial order in diverse ways. Despite the formation of an initial Bohemian community in eighteenth-century Louisiana, their descendants were eventually distributed into new colonial racial categories. The racial potential of Louisiana Bohemians declined as their actions, especially their sexual choices, …

Racializing American ‘Egyptians’: Shifting Legal Discourse, 1690s–1860s, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

This article situates the historical “Egyptian,” more commonly referred to as “Gypsy,” into the increasingly racist legal structures formed in the British North American colonies and the early United States, between the 1690s and 1860s. It simultaneously considers how those who considered themselves, or were considered by others, as “Egyptians” or “Gypsies” navigated life in the new realities created by such laws. Despite the limitations of state-produced sources from each era under study, inferences about these people’s experiences remain significant to building a more accurate and inclusive history of the United States. The following history narrates the lives of Joan …

Novel Adventures: Using The Journey To The West To Teach Tang China History And Culture, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

"To Get Himself Out Of Slavery": Escape, Justice, And Honor In The Life Of A Colonial French Louisiana Bohemian ("Gypsy"), Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Review Of Working The Mississippi: Two Centuries Of Life On The River By Bonnie Stepenoff, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Contextualizing American Gypsies: Experiencing Criminality In The Colonial Chesapeake, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

From Common Lands To Second Nature: The Scholarship Of Richard W. Judd And The Future Of Eastern Environmental History, Eileen Hagerman, Brian Payne, Matt Mckenzie, Kate Veins, John Cumbler, Brian Donahue, Brian Payne

History Faculty Scholarship

Renowned environmental historian, Richard Judd, retired from teaching at the University of Maine, May 2018. Professor Judd was one of the UMaine History Department’s most prolific scholars and helped build numerous connections between the sciences and the humanities at UMaine in addition to being a significant force within the interdisciplinary field of environmental history itself for the past three decades.

Professor Judd authored dozens of books and articles related to conservation; environmental thought; and the traditional farming, hunting, fishing, and logging cultures of Maine and northern New England. He also served as an editor for a number of projects—most notably …

Trump’S Ascendancy As History, Ryan Irwin

History Faculty Scholarship

An essay titled "Trump’s Ascendancy as History" written by Ryan Irwin.

'An Egiptian And Noe Xtian Woman’: Gypsy Identity And Race Law In Early America, Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

Though many scholars have referenced Joan Scott as the earliest Gypsy in North America, thanks to a 1695 Henrico County Virginia court record identifying her as “an Egiptian and noe Xtian woman,” none have explored her life further. Despite this, an examination of the fornication charge against Scott suggests much about her life. Scott entered the colony twenty years before her fornication charge and while unmarried bore a child whose father the court considered a man of color. In these ways, Scott’s life appears similar to her contemporaries. Yet, in other ways Scott’s experience differed. By allowing the court to …

Some Parts Sooner, Some Later, And Finally All, Ryan Irwin

History Faculty Scholarship

An essay titled "Some Parts Sooner, Some Later, and Finally All" written by Ryan Irwin.

Irreconcilable Differences, Ryan Irwin

History Faculty Scholarship

A review of "Irreconcilable Differences" by Jeremy Friedman.

The Effect Of Military Service On Indian Communities In Southern New England, 1740–1763, Brian D. Carroll

History Faculty Scholarship

Military sources combined with existing ethnohistorical narratives about the experience of Algonquian groups living ‘behind the frontier’ in colonial southern New England provide insight into the impact of imperial warfare on Indian peoples. Virtually every indigenous male in the region after King Philip’s War served in the colonial military. Tribes used the service of their men as leverage in negotiations with colonial governments as they attempted to advance their own agendas and protect their sovereignty. Yet Indian soldiers died in large numbers, mainly from infectious disease. Death rates for Indian soldiers were so high that it affected tribal demographics and …

Beyond The Dusty World: Daoism And The Epistolary Dialectics Of Thomas Merton And John Wu, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

In 1961, two great thinkers and spiritual masters inaugurated an epistolary exchange that transpired into a rich dialectic between East and West. Professor John H. Wu (Wu Jingxiong 吳經熊 1899-1986) and Father Thomas Louis Merton, OCSO, (1915-1968) largely centered their interchange upon the topic of the Dao 道, or “Way,” as it was articulated in the Daoist tradition in China’s Zhou (1045-221 BC) and Han (206 BC-AD 220) eras. With due respect to the abiding intellects and spiritual insight of these two interlocutors, this paper considers the possible disparities between what Wu and Merton understood to be the “Dao” of …

Book Notes And Review - Chinese Christian Theology, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

Book review of Alexander Chow's Theosis, Sino-Christian Theology and the Second Chinese Enlightenment.

Latina/O Gender And Sexuality, Deena J. González, Ellie D. Hernández

History Faculty Scholarship

Gender and sexuality among US Latina/o populations encompass a continuum of experiences, historical, cultural, religious, and lived. Gender and sexuality varied by culture or ethnicity and by era across the many different Latino populations descended from Latin Americans. Latino national histories, born inside the thirty-three different Latin American countries in existence today, are united in one irrefutable link to the conquest, by Spain. The Spanish and Portuguese warred against many indigenous empires, towns, and communities encountered in 1519, and the wars continued subsequently into the 1800s, during the colonization of the Americas by other countries, including the United States.

China's Tale Of Two Cities: Beijing, Shanghai, And A Legacy Catholic Perserverance, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

Seton Hall University Talk 2015

Heaven In Conflict: Franciscans And The Boxer Uprising In Shanxi, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

Whitworth Faculty Scholarship Forum 2015

Resilience After Catastrophe? Five Reflections On “Apocalypse Then”, Michitake Aso

History Faculty Scholarship

An article titled "Resilience after Catastrophe? Five Reflections on "Apocalypse Then" " by Michitake Aso.

Warming The Past: Paul Serruys, Stephen Durrant & The Voices Of Ancient China, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

Confucius defined a teacher as someone who, “Warms up the past in order to know the present.”1 Today I would like to warm up a different kind of past, not a literary, linguistic, philosophical, cultural, or technical past, by which we discern whether one is a teacher, but I would like to warm up a historical past about teachers themselves, especially those previous Sinological masters who fashioned their students into a new generation of Sinologists. I know that Steve will blush when I refer to him as a “Sinological master,” but perhaps my remarks today will persuade everyone else here …

Interactions With A Violent Past: Reading Post Conflict Landscapes In Cambodia, Laos, And Vietnam, Michitake Aso

History Faculty Scholarship

A review of "Interactions with a Violent Past: Reading Post-Conflict Landscapes in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam" by Vatthana Pholsena and Oliver Tappe

Anathema & Dialog: Ecumenism From Aquinas To Ratzinger, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

Whitworth Ecumenism 2015

China Gothic: Indigenous' Church Design In Late-Imperial Beijing, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

In 1887 the French ecclesiastic-cum-architect, Bishop Alphonse Favier, negotiated the construction of Beijing’s most extravagant church, the North Church cathedral, located near the Forbidden City. China was then under a semi-colonial occupation of missionaries and diplomats, and Favier was an icon of France’s mission civilisatrice. For missionaries such as Favier, Gothic church design represented the inherent caractère Français expected to “civilize” the Chinese empire. Having secured funds from the imperial court to build his ambitious Gothic cathedral, the French bishop enlisted local builders to realize his architectural vision, which consisted of Gothic arches, exaggerated finials, and a rose widow with …

The West, Deena J. González

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Politics Of Sexuality, Ellie D. Hernández, Deena J. González

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Rodolfo Acuña, Deena J. González, Yvette J. Saavedra

History Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Hagiography & Historicity: Li Wenyu's Quanhuo Ji Account Of The 1900 Siege Of Beitang, Anthony E. Clark

History Faculty Scholarship

By 1879 the Shanghai Jesuit, Li Wenyu, SJ, 李問漁 (1840-1911) had distinguished himself as one of Shanghai’s leading writers and editors; he had established both Yiwenlu, 益聞錄 Shanghai’s third newspaper, and the Gezhixinbao, 格致新報 the area’s most popular scientific journal. Less famous, though habitually consulted by historians of China’s turbulent Boxer era (1898-1900), was his protracted and hagiographic narrative of Boxer violence, the Quanhuoji 拳禍記. Li’s meticulous collection of witness testimonies and documentary materials recounting Boxer incidents remains an often-cited source in present historical research; this paper examines the historical reliability of his Quanhuoji, first published in 1905. Careful scrutiny …

Globalization As History, Ryan Irwin

History Faculty Scholarship

A review of "Global Interdependence: The World After 1945" by Akira Iriye.