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- ‘nature of government’ reasoning (12)
- Articles of Confederation (9)
- Quantum values (9)
- Federal convention (7)
- Early Constitution (5)
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- Exigencies (4)
- Conditional statements (3)
- Contingent statements (3)
- Unique words (3)
- Appraisives (2)
- Bill of Rights (2)
- Constituent expulsion (2)
- Constitution (2)
- Corrective Constitution (2)
- Particle semantics (2)
- Philadelphia Constitution (2)
- Philadelphia constitution (2)
- Quantum semantics (2)
- Quorum (2)
- Secrecy (2)
- Semantic cleansing (2)
- Stare decisis (2)
- Temple of Certainty (2)
- United States Supreme Court (2)
- Acquired meanings (1)
- Citation systems (1)
- Constitutional text units (1)
- Constitutional tranche (1)
- Delegates (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 55
Full-Text Articles in History
Table Annexed To Article: Secrecy Broken: Reports Of The Delegates Following The Federal Convention, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Secrecy Broken: Reports Of The Delegates Following The Federal Convention, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Despite the measures taken to ensure the secrecy of the proceedings during the federal convention, many delegates made reports to their states and explained the choices behind various clauses. However, no delegate had access to the official journal of the constitutional convention.
Table Annexed To Article: Our Constitutional Kinesis: Words That Can Go Like A Machine, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Our Constitutional Kinesis: Words That Can Go Like A Machine, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitution II, the Philadelphia constitution (1787), inspired many ‘machine/ry’ references. OCL catalogs, with the help of acknowledged secondary sources, a working list of metaphors which were deployed to credit and discredit our second constitution.
Table Annexed To Article: Congress And Parliament Deploy Appraisives (1801-1802), Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Congress And Parliament Deploy Appraisives (1801-1802), Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Parliament (primary text writer, the House of Commons) produced 24,647 words beginning in 1801; in in a comparable interval, Congress produced 27,123 words. By coincidence, this was the first year that Parliament served as the text-writer for the newly-minted United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Appraisives in the English language, numbering 3,683 have been tested against the Early Constitution. Appraisives in the Early Constitution, 2 OCL 193. This investigation tests the known class of appraisives in these target vocabularies employed by Congress and Parliament. Mean words between ‘hits’ are returned.
Order Of Delegate Arrival At Philadelphia Tabled Against Support/Opposition To Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner, David Kimball
Order Of Delegate Arrival At Philadelphia Tabled Against Support/Opposition To Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner, David Kimball
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Fifty-five delegates were appointed by twelve states to attend the federal convention in May, 1787. Arrival of the delegates is matched with support/opposition for the Constitution.
Table Annexed To Article: Deployment Of ‘Constitution’ Surveyed In Farrand’S Records Of The Federal Convention, Vols. 1 And 2, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Deployment Of ‘Constitution’ Surveyed In Farrand’S Records Of The Federal Convention, Vols. 1 And 2, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Excluding Farrand’s apparatus, the convention’s speech events as recorded by any note-taking total 386,049 words. The word ‘constitution’ was deployed 147 times in Vol. 1 and 411 times in Vol. 2 for a grand total of 558 hits. Of these 558 hits, 74.91% were assigned the semantic value of ‘text,’ 17.03% value ‘government,’ 1.61% could have been taken by a reader to refer to either value, and 6.45% of these instances referred to a foreign constitution. OCL surveys and cumulates this data.
Delegate Arrivals At Philadelphia Compared To Voting Records At The Ratification Conventions By State, Peter J. Aschenbrenner, David Kimball
Delegate Arrivals At Philadelphia Compared To Voting Records At The Ratification Conventions By State, Peter J. Aschenbrenner, David Kimball
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Fifty-five delegates were appointed by twelve states to attend the federal convention in May, 1787. Eleven states ratified the Constitution between December 7, 1787 and July 26, 1788. When delegate arrival dates are compared with the order in which their respective state ratification conventions completed their business, a significant number of delegates supporting the constitution are missing in action.
Table Annexed To Article: Delegate Arrivals In Philadelphia Compared To Voting Records, Peter J. Aschenbrenner, David Kimball
Table Annexed To Article: Delegate Arrivals In Philadelphia Compared To Voting Records, Peter J. Aschenbrenner, David Kimball
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Fifty-five delegates were appointed by twelve states to attend the federal convention in May, 1787. Eleven states ratified the Constitution between December 7, 1787 and July 26, 1788. When delegate arrival dates are compared with the order in which their respective state ratification conventions completed their business, a significant number of delegates supporting the constitution are missing in action.
Table Annexed To Article: A Detailed Breakdown Of Note-Takers Surveyed From Farrand’S Records Vols. 1 And 2 (1937), Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: A Detailed Breakdown Of Note-Takers Surveyed From Farrand’S Records Vols. 1 And 2 (1937), Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Eleven of the fifty-five delegates that attended the Federal Convention took notes during the proceedings. These notes, along with Jackson’s official journal and available committee drafts, are assembled in Farrand’s Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 at volumes 1 and 2. OCL provides a page-by-page breakdown of the text [of their notes] which appears in the Farrandian presentation.
Comparing American Constitutions I And Ii: Topics Treated In Constitution I With Similar Topics Followed Into Constitution Ii, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Comparing American Constitutions I And Ii: Topics Treated In Constitution I With Similar Topics Followed Into Constitution Ii, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL explores, topic by topic, the treatment by text-writers in Constitution II of similar text crafted in Constitution I. Results are surveyed, topic by topic.
Naming Constitutions And Constitutional Text In The Early American Republic, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Naming Constitutions And Constitutional Text In The Early American Republic, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
From the beginning of the nation (October 7, 1777) to the disaster of Dred Scott (March 6, 1857), the United States has produced thirty-two articles worth of constitutioinal text, in 133 constitutional text units, beginning with the Articles of Confederation (opening date noted above). OCL names all the writings and groups them, for the first time.
Our Aesthetic Constitutions: A New View, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Our Aesthetic Constitutions: A New View, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
A six-way division of constitutional text is presented. Responsibilities and disabilities occupy the semantic spaces ordinarily assigned to ‘powers’ and ‘rights,’ respectively. Titles, offices and intersections are segregated, which category includes the restraints between any two (and more) actors and bodies. Aspirational language is carved out, along with text addressing government to government issues, here, federal and state governments. Finally each instance of an apparatus, permitting, commanding, and prohibiting operational consideration of issues (as they may arise in the future) are named.
Table Annexed To Article: Comparing American Constitutions I And Ii: Topics Treated In Constitution Ii Compared To Similar Topics In Constitution I, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Comparing American Constitutions I And Ii: Topics Treated In Constitution Ii Compared To Similar Topics In Constitution I, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL explores, topic by topic, the origins of Constitution II, in its appearance as the Early Constitution. Its 5,224 words are surely in debt to the 3,453 words of Constitution I. But by how much? The results are surveyed in the table annexed hereto.
Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitutions I and II are surveyed and all words appearing are treated equally, that is, treated as appearing uniquely. The texture of the two constitutions is thereby investigated by presenting comparative lists of the 775 unique words of Constitution I with the 831 unique words of Constitution II.
Table Annexed To Article: Naming Constitutions/ Constitutional Text In The Early American Republic, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Naming Constitutions/ Constitutional Text In The Early American Republic, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
From the beginning of the nation to disaster of Dred Scott (March 6, 1857), the United States has produced twenty-one writings which may be grouped as constitutional text units after the Articles of Confederation. OCL names all the writings and groups them, for the first time.
Table Annexed To Article: Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitutions I and II are surveyed and all words appearing are treated equally, that is, treated as appearing uniquely. The texture of the two constitutions is thereby investigated by presenting comparative lists of the 775 unique words of Constitution I with the 831 unique words of Constitution II.
Table Annexed To Article: Topic By Topic Comparisons Of Constitutions I And Ii: The Articles Of Confederation And The Early Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Topic By Topic Comparisons Of Constitutions I And Ii: The Articles Of Confederation And The Early Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Topics in the Articles of Confederation and the Early Constitution are surveyed, thereby cumulating the surveys appearing in Comparing American Constitutions I and II: Topics Treated in Constitution II Compared to Similar Topics in Constitution I, 2 OCL 206, which starts from the Early Constitution and traces roots and origins by topic back into the Articles of Confederation. Comparing American Constitutions I and II: Topics Treated in Constitution I with Similar Topics Followed into Constitution II, 2 OCL 553, takes the reverse view.
Comparing And Contrasting American Constitutions I And Ii: A Roadmap, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Comparing And Contrasting American Constitutions I And Ii: A Roadmap, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL surveys Constitution I (1781) and Constitution II (1787-1804) through thirteen articles and tables including this article. Word counts, frequencies, and topics are investigated with results in each constitution compared, one with another. A road map to OCL’s progress is provided.
Topic By Topic Comparisons Of Constitutions I And Ii: The Articles Of Confederation And The Early Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Topic By Topic Comparisons Of Constitutions I And Ii: The Articles Of Confederation And The Early Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Topics in the Articles of Confederation and the Early Constitution are surveyed, thereby cumulating the surveys appearing in Comparing American Constitutions I and II: Topics Treated in Constitution II Compared to Similar Topics in Constitution I, 2 OCL 206, which starts from the Early Constitution and traces roots and origins by topic back into the Articles of Confederation. Comparing American Constitutions I and II: Topics Treated in Constitution I with Similar Topics Followed into Constitution II, 2 OCL 553, takes the reverse view.
Introducing Constitutional Text Units (And Related Issues), Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Introducing Constitutional Text Units (And Related Issues), Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
An alternative presentation of constitutional text is proposed; OCL offers to locate constitutional text in typographically represented space and time. A new numbering system is proposed which obviates the annoying brackets, asertisks, footnotes and other punctuography of modern presentations of the Early Constitution.
Table Annexed To Article: Our Aesthetic Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Our Aesthetic Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
If natural language is deficient, then descriptions-in-words of constitutions may suffer the same fate. What other choices are there, when an investigator – or more typically, a speaker in ordered discourse – or even more usually a speaker uttering demotic elaboration – sets out to describe constitutional text? Isn’t it obvious that artifacts featuring words lock users into using more words? OCL offers (the first of) several studies.
Our Aesthetic Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Our Aesthetic Constitution, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
If natural language is deficient, then descriptions-in-words of constitutions may suffer the same fate. What other choices are there, when an investigator – or more typically, a speaker in ordered discourse – or even more usually a speaker uttering demotic elaboration – sets out to describe constitutional text? Isn’t it obvious that artifacts featuring words lock users into using more words? OCL offers (the first of) several studies.
Table Annexed To Article: The Mathematical Logic Of Blocking Power: From Thirteen To Forty-Four States, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: The Mathematical Logic Of Blocking Power: From Thirteen To Forty-Four States, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL explores the mathematical logic of blocking power, that is, the power to block organic change. In Constitution I (the Articles of Confederation) the formula was absurdly simple. Any state, no matter how geographically small, economically insignificant and revoltingly irrelevant could block organic change desired by all the other constituents. Hence, secession orchestrated (via Constitution II) so that the first nine states (willing to do so) could secede from Rhode Island.
How Many Unique Words Did It Take To Write Our First Constitution?, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
How Many Unique Words Did It Take To Write Our First Constitution?, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
In 3,466 words – crafted between July, 1776 and November, 1777 – the Continental Congress created Constitution I, universally known as the Articles of Confederation. How many of these words are unique? And how many of these 3,466 words did the Philadelphia convention use in crafting the 4,321 words of Constitution II?
The Mathematical Logic Of Blocking Power: From Thirteen To Forty-Four States, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
The Mathematical Logic Of Blocking Power: From Thirteen To Forty-Four States, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL explores the mathematical logic of blocking power, that is, the power to block organic change. In Constitution I (the Articles of Confederation) the formula was absurdly simple. Any state, no matter how geographically small, economically insignificant and revoltingly irrelevant could block organic change desired by all the other constituents. Hence, secession orchestrated (via Constitution II) so that the first nine states (willing to do so) could secede from Rhode Island.
The Foreigners Among Us: Constituent Expulsion In The Early American Republic, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
The Foreigners Among Us: Constituent Expulsion In The Early American Republic, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL surveys constituent explusion through the impost laws passed in the first session of the First Federal Congress. The purpose of the laws was to make clear to North Carolina and Rhode Island that Constitution II was a ‘take it or leave it’ affair. North Carolina, never truculent, merely slow to ratify, got the message; Rhode Island’s struggle with political reality created a near year-long sideshow before it finally bowed the neck Providential to the inevitable. Pay up or join up.
How Many Unique Words Did It Take To Write Our First Constitution?, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
How Many Unique Words Did It Take To Write Our First Constitution?, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
In 3,466 words – crafted between July, 1776 and November, 1777 – the Continental Congress created Constitution I, universally known as the Articles of Confederation. How many of these words are unique? And how many of these 3,466 words did the Philadelphia convention use in crafting the 4,321 words of Constitution II?
Table Annexed To Article: The Foreigners Among Us, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: The Foreigners Among Us, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL surveys constituent explusion through the impost laws passed in the first session of the First Federal Congress. The purpose of the laws was to make clear to North Carolina and Rhode Island that Constitution II was a ‘take it or leave it’ affair. North Carolina, never truculent, merely slow to ratify, got the message; Rhode Island’s struggle with political reality created a near year-long sideshow before it finally bowed the neck Providential to the inevitable. Pay up or join up.
A Survey Of Note-Takers In Farrand, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
A Survey Of Note-Takers In Farrand, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Twelve writers took notes of proceedings at the federal convention beginning in May, 1787 at Philadelphia. The best known are Major Wm. Jackson and James Madison, the convention’s official Secretary and its unofficial note-taker, respectively. The efforts of all twelve note-takers are surveyed by output.
Table Annexed To Article: Our Constitutional Kinesis: Words That Can Go Like A Machine, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Our Constitutional Kinesis: Words That Can Go Like A Machine, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Americans have long been known for their appreciation of the kinetic effort involved in writing constitutional text, as long as the work begun at York, Pa (October, 1777) is subordinated to that commenced at Philadelphia (May, 1787). Gathered in one place are selected ‘machine’ quotes by which text itself is ennobled as automaton. OCL lists and reports for further investigation into this phenomenon.
Table Annexed To Article: The Doctrine Of Stare Decisis In The United States Supreme Court, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: The Doctrine Of Stare Decisis In The United States Supreme Court, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL surveys United States Supreme Court cases from 1791 to 1900 for deployment of the phrase stare decisis in opinions and published arguments before the Court. The people, as Madison conceded, make their own precedents; they do this by approving (or not disapproving) official action (in the recent past); in turn, these officials look back to official action taken at time/s more or less remote from the present for their precedents.