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Articles 1 - 30 of 341
Full-Text Articles in History
Quem Defende A Constituição?, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Quem Defende A Constituição?, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Paulo Ferreira da Cunha
A fase actual de ataque à Constituição parece ser a de legislar sem lhe prestar atenção, esperando que ninguém se lembre que existe, e ninguém levante questões de inconstitucionalidade. 2012 vai ser um ano em que se vão tirar as teimas sobre quem defende e quem não defende a Constituição. Feliz Ano Novo, com controlo da Constitucionalidade!
Catinka Heinefetter. A Jewish Prima Donna In Nineteenth-Century France, Ronald Schechter
Catinka Heinefetter. A Jewish Prima Donna In Nineteenth-Century France, Ronald Schechter
Ronald Schechter
No abstract provided.
Asia Vs América Latina, Guillermo Arosemena
A Constituição Laboral Em Alto Risco, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
A Constituição Laboral Em Alto Risco, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Paulo Ferreira da Cunha
A Constituição labora está a ser vítima de graves ataques. Já quase se pode ler o texto da nossa Constituição como se fora uma utopia de um país distante. Arriscamo-nos, por este caminho, a ter uma constituição nominal ou semântica, não normativa, não efectiva. E contudo ainda existe o texto, ainda existe o princípio da proibição do retrocesso, ainda existe um Tribunal Constitucional.
The Evolution Of Unemployment Relief In Great Britain, George R. Boyer
The Evolution Of Unemployment Relief In Great Britain, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
[Excerpt] Relatively little has been written about unemployment relief during the period between the passage of the Poor Law Amendment Act in 1834 and the adoption of national unemployment insurance in 1911. This study is an attempt to help fill the gap in the literature. It examines the changing roles played by poor relief, private charity, trade unions, and public employment in the lives of the urban unemployed during cyclical downturns from 1834 to 1911. The story that emerges offers no support for a "Whig theory of welfare." Public assistance for the unemployed was more generous, and more certain, from …
The Development Of The Neoclassical Tradition In Labor Economics, George R. Boyer, Robert S. Smith
The Development Of The Neoclassical Tradition In Labor Economics, George R. Boyer, Robert S. Smith
George R. Boyer
This essay on labor economics examines neoclassical theory's rise to ascendancy following the second World War, with a secondary focus on the relative decline but continued influence of institutionalist economic theory. The authors describe the evolution of institutional and neoclassical theory from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries, examine some early intellectual debates between the two camps, briefly describe the work of neoclassical labor economics pioneers, and look at major developments over the past 30 years. They argue that neoclassical economists' increasing intellectual breadth and influence in public policy have led them to pay closer attention to issues that have …
The Historical Background Of The Communist Manifesto, George R. Boyer
The Historical Background Of The Communist Manifesto, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
[Excerpt] The Manifesto of the Communist Party, published 150 years ago in London in February 1848, is one of the most influential and widely-read documents of the past two centuries. The historian A. J. P. Taylor (1967, p. 7) has called it a "holy book," and contends that because of it, "everyone thinks differently about politics and society." And yet, despite its enormous influence in the 20th century, the Manifesto is very much a period piece, a document of what was called the "hungry" 1840s. It is hard to imagine it being written in any other decade of the 19th …
Malthus Was Right After All: Poor Relief And Birth Rates In Southeastern England, George R. Boyer
Malthus Was Right After All: Poor Relief And Birth Rates In Southeastern England, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
The payment of child allowances to laborers with large families was widespread in early nineteenth-century England. This paper tests Thomas Malthus's hypothesis that child allowances caused the birth rate to increase. A cross-sectional regression model is estimated to explain variations in birth rates across parishes in 1826-30. Birth rates are found to be related to child allowances, income, and the availability of housing, as Malthus contended. The paper concludes by examining the role played by the adoption of child allowances after 1795 in the fertility increase of the early nineteenth century.
The Poor Law, Migration, And Economic Growth, George R. Boyer
The Poor Law, Migration, And Economic Growth, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
The loss to the English economy caused by decreased migration resulting from relief payments to agricultural laborers is estimated. I conclude that, at worst, the Poor Law had a small negative impact on national product. If poor relief and wages were substitutes, the Poor Law may have had a positive impact on capital formation and economic growth.
What Did Unions Do In Nineteenth-Century Britain?, George R. Boyer
What Did Unions Do In Nineteenth-Century Britain?, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
The article examines the development of the insurance function of trade unions. It analyzes how such policies worked, and why union benefit packages differed across occupations. It also addresses the impact of insurance policies on union organization. Insurance benefits increased the ability of unions to attract and retain members. They did not, however, significantly increase the power of union leaders relative to employers or union rank and file.
Unemployment And The Uk Labour Market Before, During And After The Golden Age, Timothy J. Hatton, George R. Boyer
Unemployment And The Uk Labour Market Before, During And After The Golden Age, Timothy J. Hatton, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
During the ‘golden age’ of the 1950s and 1960s unemployment in Britain averaged 2 per cent. This was far lower than ever before or since and a number of hypotheses have been put forward to account for this unique period in labour market history. But there has been little attempt to isolate precisely how the determinants of wage setting and unemployment differed before, during and after the golden age. We estimate a two-equation model over the whole period from 1872 to 1999 using a newly constructed set of long-run labour market data. We find that the structure of real wage …
Labour Migration In Southern And Eastern England, 1861-1901, George R. Boyer
Labour Migration In Southern And Eastern England, 1861-1901, George R. Boyer
George R. Boyer
This paper examines the determinants of migration from 19 southern counties to six major destinations in England and Wales from 1861-70 to 1891-1900. I find that, while the size of origin-destination wage gaps and the distance between origin and destination areas were important determinants of migration flows, as expected, migration was also strongly influenced by the number of previous migrants from an origin county living in a destination. The assistance provided by previous migrants to friends and relatives contemplating migration led to a perpetuation of earlier migration patterns, and helps to explain the continued dominance of London as a destination …
New Estimates Of British Unemployment, 1870-1913, George R. Boyer, Timothy J. Hatton
New Estimates Of British Unemployment, 1870-1913, George R. Boyer, Timothy J. Hatton
George R. Boyer
We present new estimates of the British industrial unemployment rate for 1870- 1913, which improve on the Board of Trade's prior estimates. We use similar sources, but our series includes additional industrial sectors, allows for short-time working, and aggregates the various sectors using appropriate labor-force weights from the census. The resulting index suggests a rate of industrial unemployment that was generally higher, but less volatile, than the board's index. We then adjust our series to an economywide basis, and construct a consistent time series of overall unemployment for 1870-1999.
Moving Forward, Looking Back: Renewing The Struggle For An American Curriculum, Dave Powell
Moving Forward, Looking Back: Renewing The Struggle For An American Curriculum, Dave Powell
Dave Powell
Rationales for public school reform in the United States are often tied to historical perspectives on the birth and development of schools and are buffeted by the assumption that the history of public schooling says much about how reform efforts should proceed. This interpretive article explores 2 such perspectives on 21st century schools: those of Diane Ravitch, distinguished educational historian and commentator; and those of Herbert Kliebard, considered one of the preeminent authorities on the development of the American curriculum. This investigation reveals that Ravitch’s longstanding condemnation of progressivism and curricular differentiation as the source of what ails public schools …
Inconstitucionalidade Da Abolição De Feriados, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Inconstitucionalidade Da Abolição De Feriados, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Paulo Ferreira da Cunha
Feriados celebrando datas essenciais do Estado ou da República são símbolos nacionais. Como tais, são matéria constitucional (materialmente constitucional) ainda que não constante do texto da Constituição. Abolir feriados destes, para mais sem sequer prévia discussão nacional, além de denotar um desprezo profundo pela cultura e pela História... é inconstitucional.
De Keynes Aos Desafios Futuros, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
De Keynes Aos Desafios Futuros, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Paulo Ferreira da Cunha
Keynes anda esquecido pelos economistas da moda. É pena, porque o resultado, catastrófico, das políticas neoliberais está à vista. Entretanto, reflecte-se sobre como a velha esquerda moderada se deixou contaminar pelo vírus do neoliberalismo (e a velha direita social também, e mais ainda), havendo porém novas teorias e propostas no horizonte, como o capitalismo humanista, no Brasil e em Espanha, e a "next left", no Reino Unido. Será possível uma confluência coerente e frutuosa dos que não querem, de uns e de outros lados, um mundo só baseado na ganância e na aniquilação do mais fraco? É o grande desafio …
Cae Otro Muro Socialista, Guillermo Arosemena
Cae Otro Muro Socialista, Guillermo Arosemena
Guillermo Arosemena
No abstract provided.
Constituição, Polícia Da Dívida?, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Constituição, Polícia Da Dívida?, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Paulo Ferreira da Cunha
Depois de em Portugal, Espanha e Alemanha (pelo menos) se falar há algum bom tempo no assunto – não sabemos de onde surgiu a primeira inspiração, mas tanto monta – , no início de Dezembro de 2011 veio da União Europeia a magna necessidade, logo secundada pelo Primeiro-ministro português, de introduzir expressamente na Constituição (já vamos ver que poderá não ser tanto assim) limites ao endividamento do Estado. Vamos fazer mais uma revisão constitucional ?
Referendar Estados De Excepção, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Referendar Estados De Excepção, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha
Paulo Ferreira da Cunha
O valor do referendo, nas nossas democracias de espectáculo e demagogia, é muito discutível. Há porém casos extremos em que pode ser útil e até imprescindível. Numa crise como a presente, comandada por mercados sem rosto, é preciso dar voz ao Povo. A questão está em saber se ele falará por meios juridicamente previstos, e constitucionalmente regulados, ou se virá a tomar a Palavra por vias menos convencionais, embora sempre com relevância constitucional... Perante tais desafios, não é legítima a abstenção do constitucionalista, que não é um estrito tabelião do Direito Público.
Eutaw Springs, Battle Of, Steven Smith
Marion, Francis, Steven Smith
Marion's Brigade, Steven Smith
Mcintire Air National Guard Station, Steven Smith
Mcintire Air National Guard Station, Steven Smith
Steven D. Smith
No abstract provided.
Gates' Flight From Camden, Steven Smith
Contrabands, Steven Smith
Snow's Island, Steven Smith
The Black Infantry In The West, 1869-1891, By Arlen L. Fowler, Steven D. Smith
The Black Infantry In The West, 1869-1891, By Arlen L. Fowler, Steven D. Smith
Steven D. Smith
A review of The Black Infantry in the West, 1869-1891, by Arlen L. Fowler
Historic Period Military Sites Archaeology In The Southeast, Steven Smith
Historic Period Military Sites Archaeology In The Southeast, Steven Smith
Steven D. Smith
No abstract provided.
The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During The Civil War, By James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., Steven D. Smith
The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During The Civil War, By James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., Steven D. Smith
Steven D. Smith
This contains a review of the title book, The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During the Civil War, by James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., as well as a review of an additional book:
Thank God My Regiment an African One: The Civil War Diary of Colonel Nathan W. Daniels, edited by C.P. Weaver
The Submarine H.L. Hunley: Confederate Innovation And Southern Icon, Steven Smith
The Submarine H.L. Hunley: Confederate Innovation And Southern Icon, Steven Smith
Steven D. Smith
No abstract provided.