History Commons^™

Referendums Education In The United States: Reform Or Assimilation?, Francisco Ramos

Franciso Ramos

The antibilingüe movement that is spreading across the United States has become one of the most controversial in the debate on the education of linguistic minorities issues. Ron Unz, the California millionaire who has managed to eliminate bilingual programs in California and Arizona and trying to do the same today in Colorado and Massachusetts, is a clear example of assimilationist movement, which argues that immigrants should give up their languages and vernacular cultures to integrate into American society. This article summarizes the history of bilingualism in the United States, focusing on decisions that have affected the education of minority students, …

Ua1b2/1 A Commemoration Of Wku's Integration: 1956-2006, Howard Bailey, Monica G. Burke, John Hardin, Sherese Martin, Maxine Ray, C. J. Woods

Monica Burke

A publication that chronicles the history of WKU's desegregation efforts. This commemorative publication is also an historical document that highlights the prolific accomplishments of WKU African American graduates. The impact of Western's spirit on countless African American graduates and the Bowling Green community unfolds in the pages that follow. The joy of having access to an education, the struggles of transforming an institutional climate, the kindness of WKU faculty, staff, and students and the rewards of walking across the stage in Diddle arena are chronicled by those who experienced it firsthand.

History Of Maine's Early Fishing Lures And Their Makers, William B. Krohn

William B. Krohn

There are numerous cottage industries associated with outdoor recreation in Maine, including the making of boats, canoes, guns, oars, paddles, snowshoes, sleds, and many types of fishing equipment (e.g., flies, lures, rods, reels, and nets). While the history of some of these items have been explored (e.g., early gun makers and bamboo fly-rod makers), the small-scale manufacturing of fishing lures in Maine has gone unstudied. Even the collectors of North American fishing lures, with a few exceptions (e.g., Dunlap Hook, Rangeley Spinner, and Stanley Aluminum Smelt), have over-looked the Pine Tree State. Based on a decade of research, this book …

"The Horace Chilton Memoirs, Part Ii." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 30 No. 2 (Winter, 1991): 1-11., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Senator Horace Chilton's description of Tyler, Texas, from when he was a boy during the Civil War.

"The Horace Chilton Memoirs, Part I." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 30 No. 1 (Summer 1991): 1-19., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Senator Horace Chilton's memoirs of growing up in Tyler, Texas, during secession, Civil War and Reconstruction, including an account of the emancipation of the family's slaves. His father, George Chilton, belonged to the Knights of the Golden Circle, was a delegate to the Secession Convention, and served in the Third Texas Cavalry, then as ordnance officer under Gen. Bee. He was elected to Congress after the war but was denied his seat.

"The Civil War Letters Of Elbridge Littlejohn, Part 2." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 18 No. 1 (Summer, 1979): 11-50., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

The letters of Elbridge Gerry Littlejohn, Co. G, 10th Texas Cavalry, to his wife Sallie Jefferies Littlejohn, in Smith County, Texas, during the Civil War.

"The Civil War Letters Of Elbridge Littlejohn, Part 1." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 17 No. 2 (Winter, 1978): 8-60., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Letters between Elbridge Gerry Littlejohn of the 10th Texas Cavalry, and his wife Sallie Jeffries Littlejohn in Starrville, Smith County, Texas, during the Civil War.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: The Texas Methodist Newspapers, 1878-1879." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 38 No. 2 (Winter 1999): 19-29., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Articles from the Texas Christian Advocate, a Methodist newspaper, 1878-1879, concerning Tyler and Smith County, Texas.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: The Texas Methodist Newspapers, 1874-1877.", Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Articles gleaned from the Texas Christian Advocate, a Methodist newspaper, which deal with Tyler and Smith County, Texas, 1874-1877.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: The Texas Methodist Newspapers, 1872-1873." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 37 No. 2 (Winter 1998): 16-25., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Articles from the Texas Christian Advocate, a Methodist newspaper, 1872-1873, concerning Tyler and Smith County, Texas.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: The Texas Methodist Newspapers, 1851-1859." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 36 No. 1 (Summer 1997): 16-25., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Articles from the Texas Wesleyan Banner and Texas Christian Advocate, both Methodist newspapers, from the years 1851-1859, that deal with Tyler and Smith County, Texas.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: Newspapers." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 31 No. 1 (Summer 1992): 36-44., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Articles gleaned from regional newspapers concerning newspapers in Tyler and Smith County, Texas, 1860-1875.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: Miscellaneous." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 35 No. 2 (Winter 1996): 18-24, Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Newspaper articles about miscellaneous activities in Tyler and Smith County, Texas, during the Civil War and Reconstruction, gleaned from regional papers.

"Newspaper Notes, A Continuation: Business & Communications; Marriages & Deaths." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 32 No. 1 (Summer 1993): 24-36., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

Articles gleaned from regional newspapers concerning businesses, communications, marriages, and deaths in Tyler and Smith County, Texas, 1860-1875.

"Early Lindale Businesses." Chronicles Of Smith County, Texas 31 No. 1 (Summer 1992): 25, 31, 35., Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

A listing of businesses in Lindale, Texas, as rated by the Mercantile Agency Reference Book, 1880-1897.

Maria Susanna Cummins' London Letters: April 1860, Heidi Lm Jacobs

Heidi LM Jacobs

Within scholarship on Maria Susanna Cummins (1827-1866), there are two recurrent phrases: "author of the best-selling novel The Lamplighter" and "little is known about her life." Despite the early contextualization of Cummins by various scholars, most of the recent critical work on Cummins has centered on her first and best-known novel, The Lamplighter (1854). Very little critical attention has been paid to Cummins's life, her career as a publishing author, her lesser known novels, her periodical publications, and her archived letters. Written in the weeks preceding the publication in the United States and Britain of her third novel, El …

"So Lost To Honor;" The Mass Desertion Of The Camp Ford Guard- July 20, 1864, Vicki Betts

Vicki Betts

No abstract provided.

"Town Of God": Ota Benga, The Batetela Boys, And The Promise Of Black America, Karen Sotiropoulos

Karen Sotiropoulos

No abstract provided.

"Town Of God": Ota Benga, The Batetela Boys, And The Promise Of Black America, Karen Sotiropoulos

Karen Sotiropoulos

No abstract provided.

Session A-3: Across The Wide Missouri: Illinois & Early Exploration Of The Trans-Mississippi West, Claiborne A. Skinner Jr.

Claiborne A. Skinner Jr.

Illinois History is often perceived as a contradiction in terms. Until the arrival of Abraham Lincoln, most folks think that nothing of any note happened here. This presentation will address the French traders and explorers from the Illinois Country who pushed west up the Missouri and Arkansas Rivers in the century preceding Lewis and Clark's more famous jaunt. The two knew of these French travelers only too well and recruited a half dozen Illinois French at Fort Massac and Kaskaskia to show them how to get to the "unknown". The effect these men had on the Plains was profound.

Session B-1: The Prize: Teaching Early Illinois History To Secondary School Students, Claiborne A. Skinner Jr.

Claiborne A. Skinner Jr.

This presentation will outline ways in which Illinois can be placed at the center of the story of colonial America and the events which triggered the Revolutionary War. The discussion will be accompanied by a bibliography of relevant secondary readings for instructors, lists of public domain primary sources for students, websites where these can be obtained, lists of Illinois historical sites connected to these materials, and suggestions as to how to interpret these sites for students.

Session A-1: The Cuban Missile Crisis: Understanding The Impact Of Personality On Leadership, Lee Eysturlid

Lee W. Eysturlid

This session will explore the impact of the various types of personalities that were involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis. These differences had a direct impact on the way each leader reacted to the stresses and demands of the crisis as well as their own political objectives. Attendees will come away with an immediately teachable topic on world leadership and the Cuban Crisis as an event.

Session A-2: Lincoln And Douglas: The Debates, The Background And Why What You Say Matters, Lee Eysturlid

Lee W. Eysturlid

This presentation will get at the important meanings and usages of the famous debates for the Senate that took place between Lincoln and Douglas in the state of Illinois. Attendees will gain a working knowledge of the event and explore ways to make use of it in class. Finally, the session will align the materials presented with the Common Core standards dealing with the "integration of knowledge and ideas" as well as "reading and writing for literacy".

The Tourist Experience In Boston, 1848-1910: American History, Middle-Class Leisure And The Development Of Urban Tourism, Hillary Corbett

Hillary Corbett

This project analyzes a selection of representative guidebooks produced between 1848 and 1910, to illustrate the development of a tourist industry in Boston and to indicate how the changing nature of the city influenced a similar change in the tourist experience. It also provides the necessary context in which to place this narrative. Part I introduces two key elements essential to understanding the relevance of urban tourism in Boston: the city’s experiences with the national phenomena of electrification and urban planning in the mid- to late-nineteenth century, and Boston’s distinctive role in nineteenth-century America’s developing national identity and history. In …

Our Leschi: The Making Of A Martyr, Alexander Olson

Alexander Olson

In1929, Nisqually Indians erected a tombstone over the grave of Leschi, a former tribal leader who had been executed in 1858 for the murder of a local white man. Leschi's remains were moved to the gravesite in 1917 after the federal government had condemned his previous resting place, on the Nisqually reservation, for an expansion of Fort Lewis. This was the second time that Leschi had been reburied. In 1895, his remains had been moved from his original gravesite just outside the reservation boundaries. His memorialists knew better than to inscribe "Rest in peace" on his tombstone.

"The Church Or The Wheel?" Religious Institutions Respond To The American Bicycle Boom.Pptx, Christopher A. Sweet

Christopher A. Sweet

"This Is America?" The Sixties In Lawrence, Kansas, Robbie Lieberman

Robbie Lieberman

Review of: This Is America?" The Sixties in Lawrence, Kansas. Monhollon, Rusty L.

Dissent In The Heartland: The Sixties At Indiana University, Robbie Lieberman

Robbie Lieberman

Review of: Dissent in the Heartland: The Sixties at Indiana University. Wynkoop, Mary Ann.

The Myth Of Freedom Of Information., John Chenault

John Chenault

The article discusses the myths surrounding the founding of the U.S. and the freedoms of information supposedly conferred by its founders in the drafting and ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Particular focus is given to the efforts of libraries in defending the public's right to know and their attempts to inform and instruct the public on the significance of openness in government. The misuse of a quote by former U.S. President James Madison about freedom of information is explored.

Bringing Books To A "Book-Hungry Land": Print Culture On The Dakota Prairie, Lisa Lindell

Lisa R. Lindell

The dearth of reading material was a recurring lament in the writings and memoirs of Dakota settlers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. “I was born with a desire to read, . . . and I have never gotten over it,” declared Henry Theodore Washburn, recalling his Minnesota boyhood and homesteading years in Dakota Territory, “but there was no way in those days to gratify that desire to any great extent.”1 This lack was indeed of consequence. In the pre-electronic era, print was a primary means of obtaining information, insight, and pleasure. High rates of literacy, sharp increases …