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Full-Text Articles in History

“Going Over The Top” – The Impact Of World War I On Three Leaders Of World War Ii, Nick Sage Jan 2020

“Going Over The Top” – The Impact Of World War I On Three Leaders Of World War Ii, Nick Sage

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis explores the impact that service in the First World War had on three global leaders of the Second World War: Winston Churchill, Adolf Hitler, and Harry Truman. Through analysis of original documents from the Churchill Archive Center, the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, and the archives of the National World War I Museum, this project contends that the years 1914-1918 became a common point of reference and reflection for these three leaders—especially in their private musings and public rhetoric during World War II. Additionally, primary evidence reveals that the personal narratives of wartime service that these …


Tracing Islamic Extremist Ideologies: The Historical Journey Of Jihad From The Late Antique Period To The 21st Century, Nikhil Kanade Jan 2016

Tracing Islamic Extremist Ideologies: The Historical Journey Of Jihad From The Late Antique Period To The 21st Century, Nikhil Kanade

CMC Senior Theses

Popular interpretations and academic scholarship tends to emphasize the relationship between jihad, military action, and communal violence. These reinforce a sense that violence is inherent to Islam. Investigations into the contexts where jihad has been deployed highlight how its use is often a call for unity believed to be necessary for political goals. Therefore, in order to deconstruct this belief, this thesis tackles instead the relationship between textual interpretations and historical actions, and how these varied across specific moments in time. The case studies examined range from the initial evolution of a theory of jihad in the late antique world, …


Beer And Brewing In German Culture: Bridging The Gaps Within Steam, John D. Sundquist Sep 2015

Beer And Brewing In German Culture: Bridging The Gaps Within Steam, John D. Sundquist

The STEAM Journal

A university-level course on science, history, and culture of beer and brewing offers students from a wide range of disciplines a unique opportunity to learn from each other. They gain an appreciation for STEAM and the interaction of a number of disciplines while examining a subject of growing interest. This paper provides a brief description of such a course and includes specific examples of ways in which students explore science, engineering, humanities and the arts, as these areas of research come together in the study of beer and brewing.


An Idealist's Journey: George Clayton Foulk And U.S.-Korea Relations, 1883-1887, Joohyun Kim Jan 2015

An Idealist's Journey: George Clayton Foulk And U.S.-Korea Relations, 1883-1887, Joohyun Kim

CMC Senior Theses

This senior thesis studies the character and influence of a young American naval officer and diplomat. George Clayton Foulk, the 1st Naval Attaché to the United States Legation and the 2nd U.S. Minister to Korea, brought his intellectual ability and passion to this East Asian country. He hoped for Korea to become an independent, modernized state. Due to the strong Chinese opposition and lack of assistance from the U.S. government, Foulk failed to realize his dream and left Korea in disgrace. However, his service instilled a positive image of America in the minds of many Koreans. By closely …


Cutting Out Worry: Popularizing Psychosurgery In America, Antonietta Louise Iannaccone Jan 2014

Cutting Out Worry: Popularizing Psychosurgery In America, Antonietta Louise Iannaccone

Scripps Senior Theses

We think of the lobotomy as utterly primitive and brutal; we shudder at the idea of it. The archetypal image of creepiness, violence, and unnecessary brutality was expressed in the book and movie One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. This procedure weighs heavy on America’s conscience but in 1945 the procedure was characterized as being as gentle as ‘cutting through butter’ and the therapeutic effect was described as ‘cutting out worry’. How did the lobotomy gain such widespread acceptance? One part of the answer is that Walter Freeman advocated for it not just among his colleagues, but through the popular …


Religious Iconography In "Twilight": Veneration And Fandom, Jacqueline E. Swaidan Nov 2013

Religious Iconography In "Twilight": Veneration And Fandom, Jacqueline E. Swaidan

LUX: A Journal of Transdisciplinary Writing and Research from Claremont Graduate University

The mysterious and dark atmosphere, the overwhelming focus on the main characters, and the constant contrast of dark and light in Twilight (2009) recall traditional Christian religious imagery. But more that that, this paper will argue that Twilight, the first of the romantic fantasy films adapted from the successful book series by Stephenie Meyer, draws explicitly on traditional Catholic religious imagery and ceremony to engender religious devotion in its fans. Images from the first Twilight film suggest that the creators of Twilight used religious imagery to captivate their audience. Christian constructs such as Eden’s eternity, Edward’s Christ-like abstinence, and …


Cultural Identity, Deafness And Sign Language: A Postcolonial Approach, Steven Loughran Mar 2013

Cultural Identity, Deafness And Sign Language: A Postcolonial Approach, Steven Loughran

LUX: A Journal of Transdisciplinary Writing and Research from Claremont Graduate University

Franz Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks describes the experience of the recently de-colonized members of the Negro (as he refers to those of African descent) population living in Europe, particularly France, in the 1960s. A little over a decade later, Edward Said published Orientalism, thus adding to a growing discipline of scholarship in the fields of art, literature, and cultural studies called “Postcolonialism.” My essay attempts to show that Deaf persons who communicate with each other using sign language can be viewed as a colonized group, and that applying postcolonial theory to the study of their culture is appropriate.


The Use Of Rhetoric In Anti-Suffrage And Anti-Feminist Publications, Artour Aslanian Mar 2013

The Use Of Rhetoric In Anti-Suffrage And Anti-Feminist Publications, Artour Aslanian

LUX: A Journal of Transdisciplinary Writing and Research from Claremont Graduate University

After decades of struggling to gain the right to vote, women were finally granted that right with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment on August 18, 1920. While it would seem that most, if not all, women would be in favor of gaining the right to vote, the women’s suffrage movement did not represent the wishes of all women within the United States. Scholarship in this area largely focuses on the historical developments of the suffrage movements, with the presence of female opponents of suffrage and anti-suffragist organizations receiving less attention.1 These anti-suffragists were vocal in their opposition to the …


Exhumándo La Memoria: La Memoria Histórica Español Tras El Cine Y Los Periodicos, Jillian Kate Raftery Jan 2012

Exhumándo La Memoria: La Memoria Histórica Español Tras El Cine Y Los Periodicos, Jillian Kate Raftery

CMC Senior Theses

(In Spanish) The Spanish Civil war isn't over in the hearts and minds of the people of Spain; rather, it is still being fought in the ideological realm of historical memory. Originally explored in literature and film, the theme of historical memory has not only become more visible and more explicit, but has taken the leap from art and literature into the political realm to become one of Spain's most pressing political issues.


The Value Of Youth In Major League Baseball, Jason Lee Jan 2011

The Value Of Youth In Major League Baseball, Jason Lee

CMC Senior Theses

In the fall of 2009, the New York Yankees claimed their 27th World Series title with a team that oozed capitalism and free markets. With over $200 million committed in its annual payroll, the Yankees capitalized on a strong free-agent class and some of the best known players in the game to generate their first World Series title since 2000. The feat was impressive, but the expectation in New York is always “championship or bust.” The following season, the Yankees fell in the American League Championship Series to the Texas Rangers who would go on to lose to the San …


Accessing History: The Murals Of Northern Ireland, Tony Crowley Jan 2008

Accessing History: The Murals Of Northern Ireland, Tony Crowley

Scripps Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.


Mothers And Non-Mothers: Gendering The Discourse Of Education In South Asia, Nita Kumar Jan 2007

Mothers And Non-Mothers: Gendering The Discourse Of Education In South Asia, Nita Kumar

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

This essay brings together and complicates three stories within South Asian education history by gendering them. Thus modern education was actively pursued by mothers for their sons; indigenous education should be understood as continuing at home; and women were crucial actors in men's reform and nationalism efforts through both collaboration and resistance. Gendered history should go beyond the separate story of girls and women, or the understanding of women as mothers and mothers as the nation, to see these three processes as gendered. The essay argues for the coming together of historical and anthropological arguments and for using literature imaginatively.


Review: Hubert Steinke, Irritating Experiments: Haller’S Concept And The European Controversy On Irritability And Sensibility, 1750-90 (Amsterdam And New York, 2005), Andre Wakefield Jun 2006

Review: Hubert Steinke, Irritating Experiments: Haller’S Concept And The European Controversy On Irritability And Sensibility, 1750-90 (Amsterdam And New York, 2005), Andre Wakefield

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

Reviewed work: Hubert Steinke. Irritating Experiments: Haller's Concept and the European Controversy on Irritability and Sensibility, 1750-90. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2005. 354 pp. $97.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-90-420-1852-5.


Review: Pamela O. Long, Openness, Secrecy, Authorship: Technical Arts And The Culture Of Knowledge From Antiquity To The Renaissance (Baltimore And London, 2001), Andre Wakefield Apr 2004

Review: Pamela O. Long, Openness, Secrecy, Authorship: Technical Arts And The Culture Of Knowledge From Antiquity To The Renaissance (Baltimore And London, 2001), Andre Wakefield

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

Reviewed work: Pamela O. Long. Openness, Secrecy, Authorship: Technical Arts and the Culture of Knowledge from Antiquity to the Renaissance. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001. Pp. xii+364. $55.


Review: Philip G. Dwyer, Ed. The Rise Of Prussia, 1700-1830 (London And New York, 2000), Andre Wakefield Jul 2003

Review: Philip G. Dwyer, Ed. The Rise Of Prussia, 1700-1830 (London And New York, 2000), Andre Wakefield

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

Reviewed work: Philip G. Dwyer, ed. The Rise of Prussia, 1700-1830. London and New York: Longman, 2000. xiv + 321 pp. $67.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-582-29268-0.


History Of Mathematics, An Intuitive Approach, Alejandro R. Garciadiego Jun 2002

History Of Mathematics, An Intuitive Approach, Alejandro R. Garciadiego

Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal

The main goal of this essay is to discuss, informally, an intuitive approach to the history of mathematics as an academic discipline. The initial point of departure includes the analysis of some traditional definitions of the concept of 'history' taken from standard dictionaries. This concise dissection attempts to suggest the complexity of the discipline.


Harvey Mudd College : The Third Decade Plus, 1976-1988, D. Kenneth Baker Jan 2002

Harvey Mudd College : The Third Decade Plus, 1976-1988, D. Kenneth Baker

All HMC Faculty Books

Kenneth Baker, second president of Harvey Mudd College, describes events at Harvey Mudd College during his tenure from 1976 to 1988.


Harvey Mudd College : The First Twenty Years, Joseph B. Platt Sep 1994

Harvey Mudd College : The First Twenty Years, Joseph B. Platt

All HMC Faculty Books

Joseph Platt, the author, was the founding president of Harvey Mudd College and a senior professor of physics.


Ascetic Behavior And Color-Ful Language: Stories About Ethiopian Moses, Vincent L. Wimbush Jan 1992

Ascetic Behavior And Color-Ful Language: Stories About Ethiopian Moses, Vincent L. Wimbush

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

The characterization of the fouth-century Black (Ethiopian) monk named Moses in late ancient Christian hagiographie narratives opens wide a window not only onto particular understandings of, and propaganda about, ascetic piety and religious orientations to the world, but also ancient (non-black) Christian sensitivies to racial/color differences. Four ancient sources— Palladius' Lausiac History, Sozomen's Ecclesiastical History, the anonymous Apophthegmata Patrum, and Acta Sanctorum—are analyzed on the basis of a recent translation.


Sunbelt Texas, Char Miller Jan 1991

Sunbelt Texas, Char Miller

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

What then is the Sunbelt, and Texas' place within it? The region first had to be recognized as a region, of course, and that has taken some doing. The term was initially employed in the late 1960s and soon came to loom large in the popular imagination. Still, its boundaries were and are inexact. Where is the Sunbelt? Some commentators have adopted an all-inclusive definition which links together those states south of the thirty-seventh parallel; an even more expansive version includes Virginia and the Pacific Northwest. Others rely on more precise, but no less problematic descriptions which, depending on the …


The Rise Of Urban Texas, Char Miller, David R. Johnson Jan 1990

The Rise Of Urban Texas, Char Miller, David R. Johnson

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

Texas contains three of the nation's ten largest cities, but their existence has not yet affected the hold that the state's rural heritage has on Texas' imagination--or so Texans' attachment to two nineteenth-century cultural landmarks, the Alamo and the Chisholm Trail, would suggest. As the shrine of Texas liberty, the Alamo continually generates elegies to the manly courage and bravery of the fallen heroes of 1836.


The Centrality Of Mathematics In The History Of Western Thought, Judith V. Grabiner Oct 1988

The Centrality Of Mathematics In The History Of Western Thought, Judith V. Grabiner

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

This article explores the interplay of mathematics and philosophy in Western thought as well as applications to other fields.


The Changing Concept Of Change: The Derivative From Fermat To Weierstrass, Judith V. Grabiner Sep 1983

The Changing Concept Of Change: The Derivative From Fermat To Weierstrass, Judith V. Grabiner

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

Historically speaking, there were four steps in the development of today's concept of the derivative, which I list here in chronological order. The derivative was first used; it was then discovered; it was then explored and developed; and it was finally defined. That is, examples of what we now recognize as derivatives first were used on an ad hoc basis in solving particular problems; then the general concept lying behind them these uses was identified (as part of the invention of calculus); then many properties of the derivative were explained and developed in applications both to …


"Teach Me O My God": The Journal Of Hiram Bingham (1815-1816), Char Miller Jan 1980

"Teach Me O My God": The Journal Of Hiram Bingham (1815-1816), Char Miller

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

During his years at college and in seminary, Bingham kept a journal which provides insights about the forces behind his own foreign missionary work in particular and those underlying the "invisible" Americans in general.


James Eights, Albany Naturalist: New Evidence, Char Miller, Naomi Goldsmith Jan 1980

James Eights, Albany Naturalist: New Evidence, Char Miller, Naomi Goldsmith

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

Eights's contributions to scientific study and to the popularization of science have been understated and misunderstood.


Foreword 9(1), Mildred E. Mathias Jan 1977

Foreword 9(1), Mildred E. Mathias

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


In The Beginning, Lee W. Lenz Jan 1977

In The Beginning, Lee W. Lenz

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

This article traces the early history of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, California, starting ca. 1867 with the Portolà Expedition. The expedition was the first to record the site where the botanic garden later came to be located, in Santa Ana Canyon, northeastern Orange County. Successive changes in land ownership eventually led to the Bixby family purchasing the land in 1875. Susanna Bixby Bryant, the founder of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, acquired the land in 1925.


Mathematics In America: The First Hundred Years, Judith V. Grabiner Jan 1977

Mathematics In America: The First Hundred Years, Judith V. Grabiner

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

There are two main questions I shall discuss in this paper. First, why was American mathematics so weak from 1776 to 1876? Second, and much more important, how did what happened from 1776-1876 produce an American mathematics respectable by international standards by the end of the nineteenth century? We will see that the "weakness" -at least as measured by the paucity of great names- co-existed with the active building both of mathematics education and of a mathematical community which reached maturity in the 1890's.


The Mathematician, The Historian, And The History Of Mathematics, Judith V. Grabiner Nov 1975

The Mathematician, The Historian, And The History Of Mathematics, Judith V. Grabiner

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

The historian's basic questions, whether he is a historian of mathematics or of political institutions, are: what was the past like? and how did the present come to be? The second question --how did the present come to be?-- is the central one in the history of mathematics, whether done by historian or mathematician. But the historian's view of both past and present is quite different from that of the mathematician. The historian is interested in the past in its full richness, and sees any present fact as conditioned by a complex chain of causes in an almost unlimited past. …