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Medieval Infertility: Treatments, Cures, And Consequences, Zia Simpson Jun 2021

Medieval Infertility: Treatments, Cures, And Consequences, Zia Simpson

The Forum: Journal of History

Since the first civilizations emerged, reproductive ability has been one of the most prominent elements in assessing a woman’s value to society. Other characteristics such as beauty, intelligence, and wealth may have been granted comparable consequence, but those are arbitrary and improvable. Fertility is genetic, and for centuries it was beyond human control. Among the medieval European nobility, fertility held even greater power. The absence of an heir could, either directly or indirectly, bring about war, economic depression, and social disorder. Catholicism provided a refuge by allowing barren women to retain their hopes, while simultaneously enriching Rome’s coffers. Other women …


Warm Journal Volume 1 Issue 2, 1972-2021 Women's Art Registry Of Minnesota Apr 1980

Warm Journal Volume 1 Issue 2, 1972-2021 Women's Art Registry Of Minnesota

WARM Journal

This issue contains two interviews, one with Pat Olson about her graphic design work and life as an artist, and one with B.J. Shigaki about her life and being the director of the Rochester Art Center. There is a collection of poetry by Jill Breckenridge-Haldeman, and a review of Obstacle Race by Germaine Greer, a book on women’s “fine art” from the Middle Ages to the mid-20th century. Also included in the issue were submissions of artistry with descriptions from members of WARM.