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Articles 1 - 30 of 49
Full-Text Articles in History
Civil War Journalism: Two Rough Drafts Of One History, Brianna Collora
Civil War Journalism: Two Rough Drafts Of One History, Brianna Collora
History Honors Program
This paper addresses journalism in the Civil War by analyzing both Northern and Southern reporting. The severity of censorship changed throughout the duration of the war, with it less harsh in the Union by the end. Southern officials did not censor as much, both because their resources were scarcer, and their officials were more opposed to the use of censorship. While past historians have argued that the decrease in Northern censorship is because the Union began to have the upper hand in the war, I argue that the decrease in Union censorship was not only because the Union was now …
In A Pickle: African Americans Struggles With Racism And Progress In Mount Olive, North Carolina, 1930-1955, Devin Lamb
In A Pickle: African Americans Struggles With Racism And Progress In Mount Olive, North Carolina, 1930-1955, Devin Lamb
History Honors Program
This paper examines the experiences of African Americans living in Mount Olive, North Carolina during the 20th century. Life in Mount Olive afforded African Americans a multitude of opportunities such as economic, educational, and access to healthcare. Though African Americans' situation in Mount Olive was better than Black people living in other locations throughout North Carolina, an exodus still occurred in the latter half of the 20th century. I argue African Americans stayed in Mount Olive because of the stability and economic opportunities provided to them by staying post-great migration, but that the persistence of racism and segregation made living …
Towards A Psychological Science Of Abolition Democracy: Insights For Improving Theory And Research On Race And Public Safety, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Phillip Atiba Goff
Towards A Psychological Science Of Abolition Democracy: Insights For Improving Theory And Research On Race And Public Safety, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Phillip Atiba Goff
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
We call for psychologists to expand their thinking on fair and just public safety by engaging with the “Abolition Democracy” framework that Du Bois (1935) articulated as the need to dissolve slavery while simultaneously taking affirmative steps to rid its toxic consequences from the body politic. Because the legacies of slavery continue to produce disparities in public safety in the U.S, both harming Black people and the institutions that could keep them safe, psychologists must take seriously questions of history and structure in addition to immediate situations. In the present article, we consider the state of knowledge regarding psychological processes …
Being Careful : Progressive Era Women And The Movements For Better Reproductive Health Care, Sarah Patterson
Being Careful : Progressive Era Women And The Movements For Better Reproductive Health Care, Sarah Patterson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
ABSTRACTFor American and British women, the definition of being healthy changed in the first two decades of the twentieth century. Previously, there had been a resigned acceptance of the fact that a woman’s reproductive capacity often relegated her to a lifetime of suffering and ill health. Certainly, individual women sometimes sought out solutions to their health problems, but there was no concerted social movement to help all women. Then in the Progressive Era that changed. The professionalization of medicine, combined with scientific breakthroughs, such as using Salvarsan to treat syphilis and urine testing to identify eclampsia meant that women could …
Eleanor Roosevelt And Charles Malik: Titans Of Peace And Architects Of Post-Wwii International Cooperation, Ankeith Prince Illiparambil
Eleanor Roosevelt And Charles Malik: Titans Of Peace And Architects Of Post-Wwii International Cooperation, Ankeith Prince Illiparambil
History
This thesis examines the impact that the leadership of Eleanor Roosevelt and Charles Malik had on both the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 and the greater trajectory of international cooperation as orchestrated by the United Nations. The study begins by looking at the “Big Three” conferences organized by the Allied Powers near the end of World War II and the hope that American President Franklin D. Roosevelt had for what could be accomplished by international cooperation. From there, we follow the leadership of Eleanor Roosevelt and Charles Malik as members of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. …
Empire State Interrupted : Seneca Sovereignty And Settler Debates Over Land, 1779-1889, Elana Krischer
Empire State Interrupted : Seneca Sovereignty And Settler Debates Over Land, 1779-1889, Elana Krischer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
New York’s western expansion began during the American Revolution. From then on, a variety of American settler groups and individuals attempted to possess and control Seneca land in what is now western New York. These American settler groups, such as missionaries, land speculators, state and federal officials, and land surveyors, carried out individual projects of dispossession and erasure throughout the nineteenth century. In the process, they shaped the space of the Seneca reservations and the trajectory of American expansion. In justifying dispossession, American settlers crafted elaborate sets of laws and rights. These conflicting claims became so entangled that dispossession was …
The Last Step To Whiteness : American Jews, Civil Rights, And Assimilation, 1954-1988, Eric Morgenson
The Last Step To Whiteness : American Jews, Civil Rights, And Assimilation, 1954-1988, Eric Morgenson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines the relationship between American Jews and African Americans through the prism of evolving Jewish whiteness. In the post-World War II period, American Jews were an outsider group that were moving into the mainstream. American Jews interested in assimilating tied themselves to the cause of African American civil rights in the 1950s and 1960s. This was partially motivated by a desire to help an oppressed minority work towards equality in the United States. However, it was also motivated in part by a desire to aid in their own assimilation process. The idea of creating a colorblind American society …
Proletarian Modernism : Aesthetic Intervention In Naturalist Epistemology In Steinbeck, Wright And Mccullers, Kenji Kihara
Proletarian Modernism : Aesthetic Intervention In Naturalist Epistemology In Steinbeck, Wright And Mccullers, Kenji Kihara
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores three proletarian novels published at the end of the Depression era—John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, Richard Wright’s Native Son, and Carson McCullers’s The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter—in light of how their aesthetics complicates the inherited epistemology of literary naturalism in response to the changing political climates in the age of the Popular Front. Calling these texts “proletarian modernism,” I investigate how their aesthetics mediate the relations among Marxist ideas, political solidarity and the American value of individualism in an age when it became gradually difficult to fundamentally criticize capitalism and liberalism.
Making Good : World War I, Disability, And The Senses In American Rehabilitation, Evan Patrick Sullivan
Making Good : World War I, Disability, And The Senses In American Rehabilitation, Evan Patrick Sullivan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study looks at how disabled American soldier-patients and the US Army used the senses as tools of rehabilitation after the Great War. Contemporaries argued that, when the hundreds of thousands of American soldiers came home wounded or sick after the Great War, the men needed to make good. The phrase “making good” meant that sacrifice in the war was not enough, and veterans had to become socially and economically independent, and return to heterosexual relationships. In an effort to return to normalcy, the US Army relied on rehabilitation, which aimed to medically and socially re-integrate the men into society.
“A Life Stripped Of Humanity”: Using The Buffalo Department Store Strike Of 1913 As A Case Study Of Abused Pre-World War I Female Department Store Workers, Kyle Thaine
CURCE Annual Undergraduate Conference
When one considers the movement of women into the labor force, images of Rosie the Riveter, the Triangle Shirtwaist Company, or New England textile mills are often conjured. But many women entered the workforce through retail employment, seemingly a much better work environment. Considering awful workplace conditions, these retail women workers are often overlooked. This paper argues that pre-World War I era female department store workers were an abused class that suffered as much as many of their female contemporaries. The paper begins with a general discussion of women’s labor history up until 1913, with a focus on women in …
The Transformation For Chinese Americans From Political Apathy To Activism: A Case Study On Manhattan Chinatown Tenants In 1970, Shouyue Zhang
The Transformation For Chinese Americans From Political Apathy To Activism: A Case Study On Manhattan Chinatown Tenants In 1970, Shouyue Zhang
CURCE Annual Undergraduate Conference
This presentation will introduce the political participation of Chinese tenants in Manhattan Chinatown in the era of post-Civil Rights Movement. To strive for the self-determination of their communities, the “Model Minority” unprecedentedly participated in social movements named as “Asian American Movement” across the United States in the 1970s. This case study will describe the background, mobilization, and process of a demonstration against the telephone company‘s requisition of land located in Manhattan Chinatown from 1969 to 1970. Consequently, the telephone company was no longer mighty as real estate developers in the early stage of urban renewal, even making a concession to …
Black Trojans : The Free Black Community's Grassroots Abolition Campaign In Troy, New York Before 1861, Jennifer J. Thompson Burns
Black Trojans : The Free Black Community's Grassroots Abolition Campaign In Troy, New York Before 1861, Jennifer J. Thompson Burns
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores the evolution and trajectory of the abolition movement led by black men and women in Troy, New York, before 1861. At the grassroots level, black Trojan men and women claimed public spaces and founded societies and associations that simultaneously supported local black upliftment and laid the foundation from which a larger abolitionist network, within New York State and across state and national borders, was constructed. Through the operations of an “Aboveground Railroad” system that complimented the Underground Railroad system through Troy but focused on the movement of free people, as well as communications in abolition and black …
A Glittering Dream : Celebration, Spectacle, Power, And Identity In American Cities, 1886-1924, Wyatt Erchak
A Glittering Dream : Celebration, Spectacle, Power, And Identity In American Cities, 1886-1924, Wyatt Erchak
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In July 1886, the city of Albany, New York celebrated the Bicentennial of the granting of its city charter, an event that synthesized and innovated existing forms of spectacle and celebration. Parades of municipal, fraternal, commercial, and military organizations joined orations and elaborate pyrotechnics to mark the occasion. Its central feature—a grand “historical pageant”—was one of the first times a city told the sequential story of its creation using dramatic and mechanical techniques, with expert assistance from Mardi Gras and Carnival float designers.
When The World Seemed New: Ue Local 301 And The Decline Of The American Labor Movement, Jacob Houser
When The World Seemed New: Ue Local 301 And The Decline Of The American Labor Movement, Jacob Houser
History Honors Program
On February 19, 1954 Senator Joseph McCarthy made his return to Albany, New York to expunge any subversive elements within the defense industry, particularly at the Schenectady General Electric plant. McCarthy was willing to bring anyone down with him that he could. A man named Charles Rivers was called forth to testify on the first day of the hearings. Rivers did not know that he was being brought before Senator McCarthy as a suspected Communist, but McCarthy in turn did not know that Rivers did not even work for General Electric. Once he realized he had the wrong man, all …
"True Principles Of Liberty And Natural Right" : The Vermont State Constitution And The American Revolution, Kevin R. Ingraham
"True Principles Of Liberty And Natural Right" : The Vermont State Constitution And The American Revolution, Kevin R. Ingraham
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Vermont state constitution was the most revolutionary and democratic plan of government established in America during the late eighteenth century. It abolished adult slavery, eliminated property qualifications for holding office, and established universal male suffrage. It invested broad power in a unicameral legislature, through which citizens might directly express their will through their elected representatives. It created a weak executive with limited power to veto legislation. It mandated annual elections for all state offices, by which the people might frequently accept, or reject, their leaders. It thus established a participatory democracy in which ordinary citizens enjoyed broad access to …
The Education Of Thomas Sweeny : A Case Study Of Education For The Poor In New York City, 1828-1845, Josie Madison
The Education Of Thomas Sweeny : A Case Study Of Education For The Poor In New York City, 1828-1845, Josie Madison
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores the education of one of the first inmates of the New York House of Refuge, the first juvenile reformatory in the country. The relationship between reformatory staff and inmates is considered, along with indenturing practices of the institution, including the practice of indenturing a significant number of boys to the whaling industry. In the case of Thomas Sweeny, the Refuge’s plan for reformation was successful because of the unique circumstances that led Sweeny to live for a time as a beachcomber in the islands of the South Pacific. His skill at acquiring languages and his ability to …
The Supreme Court Vs. The President: How The Court Decides The Constitutionality Of Challenged Presidential Actions, Laura Wittern-Keller
The Supreme Court Vs. The President: How The Court Decides The Constitutionality Of Challenged Presidential Actions, Laura Wittern-Keller
Campus Conversations in Standish
In this presentation, Dr. Laura Wittern-Keller discusses the growth of presidential power through unilateral action—executive orders, proclamations, national security directives, and signing statements—and how the Supreme Court has determined the constitutionality of those actions. The precedent usually used by the Supreme Court stems from a 1952 case that found President Harry Truman’s executive order authorizing the seizure of some American steel mills to be an unconstitutional extension of presidential unilateral action. The case, Youngstown Sheet and Tube v. Sawyer, included a concurrence by Associate Justice Robert Jackson that created a three-part test of presidential orders. That test, modified in …
Women’S Liberation, Family, And The Fight For Daycare At The University At Albany, Sheri Sarnoff
Women’S Liberation, Family, And The Fight For Daycare At The University At Albany, Sheri Sarnoff
History Honors Program
On October 9 1970, the Albany Student Press, the University at Albany’s student newspaper, featured an article entitled, “Day Care A Basic Issue,” which discussed the Pierce Hall Day Care Center. The students using the center claimed that the University’s Administration contradicted their original support for the on-campus daycare center. The students exclaimed, “issue after issue has been fabricated (Space, money etc) to stall the progress on the Center.”1 The article also featured a quote from a spokeswoman from the Women’s Liberation Front arguing that, “the Administration has continually enjoyed putting forth the facade of working with women, when …
Authority's Last Stand: Mainline Protestants, Catholics, And Albany’S Tumultuous Sixties, Calley Quinn
Authority's Last Stand: Mainline Protestants, Catholics, And Albany’S Tumultuous Sixties, Calley Quinn
History Honors Program
In 1970, a mainline Protestant in the Capital Area Council of Churches officially reached his breaking point. “Students in vast numbers have risen in rebellion against conventional American society,” Reverend Frank Snow stated to fellow Council members, “…. The crisis, as we all know from observation, if not from personal experience, is real.”1 Serving as head campus minister for the State University of New York at Albany, Snow could not handle counseling one more student concerned with the Vietnam War and conscription laws. He made it very clear in the Annual Report of the Capital Area Council of Churches …
The Murals Of The Dewey Graduate Library, Kristen Thornton-De Stafeno
The Murals Of The Dewey Graduate Library, Kristen Thornton-De Stafeno
Dewey Graduate Library History
The history and descriptions of the Great Depression-era Works Progress Administration Murals created by artist William Brantley Van Ingen, a student of Louis Comfort Tiffany, depicting the history of Albany, New York State.
Legislating For American Empire : The U.S. Congress And Territorial Policy, Timothy Lindberg
Legislating For American Empire : The U.S. Congress And Territorial Policy, Timothy Lindberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The United States has always administered territorial governments and the primary entity entrusted with this authority is the United States Congress. This dissertation, using an American Political Development framework, seeks to uncover the variety of ways in which Congressional decision-making over territorial policy has shifted. The goal is to understand how the United States Congress worked toward establishing and maintaining an American Empire via the use of territorial policy. A variety of causal mechanisms causing are investigated, including the demographic targets of policy, partisan conflicts, changing norms and rules of Congress, pressures from other branches or the states, national security …
Defending God : Thomas Paine's Last Crusade And The Contest Over His Memory, Theodore William Marotta
Defending God : Thomas Paine's Last Crusade And The Contest Over His Memory, Theodore William Marotta
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation is focused on two key elements. First, it offers a new interpretation of Thomas Paine's religious writings, arguing that Paine was not attacking religion, but rather was defending God. Second, the dissertation explores Thomas Paine's hotly contested place in America's historical memory by focusing on the individuals who have fought for decades to restore Paine's reputation in the eyes of Americans, and the tremendous difficulties they experienced as a result of their efforts.
Nationalism In New England : Keene, New Hampshire And The American Civil War, Thomas Anthony Mcgrath
Nationalism In New England : Keene, New Hampshire And The American Civil War, Thomas Anthony Mcgrath
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract: Nationalism in New England: Keene, New Hampshire and the American Civil War
Preserve Or Perish : The Orange County Food Preservation Battalion And Food Conservation Efforts In New York State During The Great War, 1917-1919, Sarah Elizabeth Wassberg
Preserve Or Perish : The Orange County Food Preservation Battalion And Food Conservation Efforts In New York State During The Great War, 1917-1919, Sarah Elizabeth Wassberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis examines the role of both private voluntary organizations like the Orange County Food Preservation Battalion as well as city- and state-sponsored organizations in food conservation efforts during World War I in New York state (1917-1919). Society women such as Orange County Food Preservation Battalion chairman Mrs. Theodore Bailey, in conjunction with professional home economists, played an important role early in the war effort in disseminating the patriotic pleas of Herbert Hoover and the U.S. Food Administration, but their efforts were later subsumed by state-run entities such as the New York State Food Commission. Using an unpublished scrapbook kept …
For The Improvement Of The Breed Of Horse : Thoroughbred Racing And National Security In The Age Of Horsepower, 1776-1945, Elizabeth Redkey
For The Improvement Of The Breed Of Horse : Thoroughbred Racing And National Security In The Age Of Horsepower, 1776-1945, Elizabeth Redkey
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
From Biblical times through the mid-twentieth century, humans relied on horses as a critical vehicle of war. But horses, unlike modern machines, could not simply be manufactured to the necessary specifications, in the necessary numbers, at the necessary times. In addition, cavalry warfare was the most physically demanding of all tasks to which humans have put horses, and required horses of exceptional endurance and athletic ability. Creating a pool of such horses to be drawn from in times of military need took careful breeding and planning. But the United States, with its fear of a standing military, and its decentralized …
The Collision Of Political And Legal Time : Foreign Affairs And The Court's Transformation Of Executive Authority, Kimberley Liané Fletcher
The Collision Of Political And Legal Time : Foreign Affairs And The Court's Transformation Of Executive Authority, Kimberley Liané Fletcher
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A dynamic institutional relationship exists between the United States executive branch and the United States Supreme Court. This dissertation examines how the Court affects constitutional and political development by taking a leading role in interpreting presidential decision-making in the area of foreign affairs since 1936. Examining key cases and controversies in foreign policymaking, primarily in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, this dissertation highlights the patterns of intercurrences and the mutual construction process that takes place at the juncture of legal and political time. In so doing, it is more than evident that the Court not only sanctions the claims made …
The Church And Modern Marriage : Denominational Marriage Counseling And The Transformation Of Mainline Christian Religion In Germany And The United States, 1920s-1970s, Anette Lippold
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Competition is at the heart of the religious market model, which serves as the primary counter theory to the longstanding concept that modernity inevitably included secularization. Using the United States as its primary example, the market model postulates that the longstanding presence of multiple religious offerings encouraged religious institutions to pay attention to popular religious needs and interest, in turn promoting their own continued vitality. In contrast, lack of competition prompted a certain lassitude among religious providers in Europe, leading to their ultimate inability to address the needs of European religious consumers. The market model, however, assumes that competition expresses …
"For Divers Good Causes And Considerations" : Manumission Practices Of Albany, Ny Slaveholders, 1799-1824, William Angelo Meredith
"For Divers Good Causes And Considerations" : Manumission Practices Of Albany, Ny Slaveholders, 1799-1824, William Angelo Meredith
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
On March 29, 1799, the New York State Legislature received notice that the state's Council of Revision had approved, "an Act for the gradual abolition of Slavery." The bill changed slavery in such a way that children born to slaves after July 4, 1799, became free upon reaching the age of twenty-five for females and twenty-eight for males. Given the monumental change produced by this legislation, historians have linked passage of the gradual abolition bill to an increase in slave manumissions. While the gradual abolition bill may have prompted slaveholders to consider manumission, it was not the overall motivating force …
Investigating New York : Governor Alfred E. Smith, The Moreland Act, And Reshaping New York State Government, John T. Evers
Investigating New York : Governor Alfred E. Smith, The Moreland Act, And Reshaping New York State Government, John T. Evers
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
By examining Governor Alfred E. Smith's use of gubernatorial investigations sanctioned by law under the under the Moreland Act, this work details his efforts to transform New York State government from a chaotic system of boards, bureaus, commissions, and departments to a streamlined cabinet-style executive branch dominated by a strong governor. Hindered by a state constitution which severely limited gubernatorial power, Smith utilized one of the few tools open to governors to draw attention to, and then change, state government: executive investigation. In order to gain control of state administrative, budgetary, and public policy initiatives Smith challenged legislative leaders and …
Steam, Electricity & Gas : Historical Perspectives On What We Drive Today And Why, Michael Edward Flinton
Steam, Electricity & Gas : Historical Perspectives On What We Drive Today And Why, Michael Edward Flinton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
ABSTRACT