History Commons^™

Public History Is Now, Sarah E. Dougher

Amplify: A Journal of Writing-as-Activism

A walking tour of downtown Portland in August 2021 raises questions for the writer about the purpose of “memory activism,” its relation to writing-as-activism. Drawing on critiques of urbanist Jane Jacobs and interrogating the concept of “reckoning,” the essay explores ways in which the streetscape and people there can deliver meaning and pose questions about systemic racism and unsheltered existence.

The Rise And Fall Of The Ku Klux Klan In Oregon During The 1920s, Ben Bruce

Voces Novae

At the turn of the twentieth century the Ku Klux Klan experienced a major revival in the United States. By the early 1920s, nationwide membership reached over two million. As it grew, the Klan sought new territory in the West to expand into. Being over ninety-five percent white, eighty-five percent native-born and mostly Protestant, the Oregon population was a perfect target for the Klan. Oregon soon became home to one of the country’s largest KKK organizations with over 30,000 sworn members in fifty separate chapters across the state. The Klan in Oregon also printed its own newspaper and had a …

Flood Of Change: The Vanport Flood And Race Relations In Portland, Oregon, Michael James Hamberg

All Master's Theses

This thesis examines race relations amid dramatic social changes caused by the migration of African Americans and other Southerners into Portland, Oregon during World War II. The migrants lived in a housing project named Vanport and an exploration behind Portlanders’ negative opinion of newcomers will be undertaken. A history of African Americans in Oregon will open the paper and the analysis of events leading up to a 1948 flood that destroyed the housing project and resulted in a refugee and housing crisis will comprise the middle of the paper. Lastly, an examination of whether or not an improvement in race …

Gribskov, Marius Larsen

The Bridge

Pastor Marius Larsen was one of the many Danish preachers who served Danish Lutheran Churches in the United States for a time and then returned to Denmark to accept pastorates in that country. Larsen served the Junction City, Oregon "Danish" Church in the late 1920s, and into the early 1930s, when he accepted a call to serve the Nathaniel Lutheran Church in Dagmar, Montana. He returned to Denmark in the mid 1930s and became pastor of the Als congregation located at the eastern end of "Limfjord," directly east of the city of Aalborg. While there he wrote a book about …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To William [Hibbard] 1868 Feb. 28, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

San Juan Island Febuary [February] 28^th 1868

My Dear Brother Since I last wrote you, I have received two letters from you. One, under date of Oct. 8^th, and one of Dec 17^th, the one of Oct. 8^th enclosing one from Mother under date of Sept 14^th. I commenced an answer to your letter of Oct. soon after receiving it, but having to go to Portland, at that time, I thought that I would finish it on the voyage down, and mail it there, the weather was rough that I was unable …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To William [Hibbard] 1865 Apr. 18, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

San Juan Island April 18^th 1865 Dear Brother William Your two letters under dates of Jany [January] 2^nd & Feby [February] 6^th inclosing one from Lizzie, came to hand yesterday, and according to your request I proceed to answer them immediately, although I do not know when I shall be able to mail my letter as I shall not be going to Victoria for sometime + may not have an opportunity of sending it there until I do go. You say that you have not received any letter from me since the one I wrote in May …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1865 Feb. 4, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria V I [Vancouver Island] Febuary [February] 4^th 1865

Dear Brother Your welcome letter under date of Oct. [October] 6^th last came to hand only last week, where it has been all this time, is a mystery [that I] which I wish, that I could solve. I wrote you a long letter in August which you should have received at or about the time your letter is dated, and I have been anxiously looking for an answer to it for some time past, and began to think that you surely could not have rec. [received] it, but as …

Private Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1865 Feb. 4, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Private Victoria V I [Vancouver Island] Febuary 4^th 1865

My dear brother In my last to you I inclosed [enclosed] a long private letter, but as I fear that you may not have received it I will briefly recapitulate its substance, which related cheifly [chiefly], to a difficulty with Mr Cutlar my partner. In July last I intended to have sent you two thousand dollars to apply upon my indebtedness to you & Ashley, as we had a brisk little run of business and I thought it my duty to draw out all that I possibly could for you. …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1864 May 30, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria May 30^th 1864 Dear Brother When I wrote you in January I did not think that I should allow so long a time to lapse before writing you again. But the prospect of my selling out here, and going home, which I fully advised you of at that time, has resulted in nothing but disapointment [disappointment], and has kept me in such a state of uncertainty and doubt that I had been expecting from week to week would be put an end to that I have delayed writing you much longer than I ought, or will again. The …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To Brother [William Hibbard], 1863 Sept. 25, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Please return this soon William

San Juan Island Sep 25th/63 [1863]

Dear Brother

Yours of July 30th came to hand last week and received a warm welcome, it is such a pleasure and relief to me to hear from home. When I say this you perhaps may wonder why it is that I am so delinquent in writing but the fact is my dear brother that I have little to write about except myself (and that so very unsatisfactory) that I often commence a letter and give it up thoroughly overcome with the blackest kind of blues. The isolated life …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To Brother [William Hibbard], 1863 June 2, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria June 2d 1863 Dear Brother Yours of Mch” [March] 26^th was received last week, and afforded me much pleasure, and gratification as it had been sometime since I had received any news from any one at home, and I was becoming fearfull [fearful], that when I did hear from you, that I should get bad news, but thank God, my dear brother, such was not the case, and I have been once more rejoyced [rejoiced] to know that you were all enjoying good health, and were prospered spiritually and temporally. I find that I am not able to …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1863 March 14, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

San Juan Island Mch [March] 14^th 1863

My dear Brother Enclosed I send you an account of sales of the Rubber Boots & Shoes shipped me by Ashley the charges on them, are only what I actually paid out on them and nothing in the way of commissions. The shipments were unfortunate though the goods, being of such an inferior quality, had they proved equal to Haywards Boots &, Shoes that are sold in this market, I think that I could have made something upon them instead of being obliged to sell them at a ruinous loss. I had …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1863 March 14, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

San Juan Island March 14^th 1863

My Dear Brother When I wrote you last under date of Dec [December] 21^st I mentioned (for the hundredth time probably) that I was going to improve, and write you oftner, than I had been in the habit of doing, but alas for human resolutions, and most especially my own, for they are barren of fruits, and productive of only regrets, at their failure. I have however been exceedingly occupied since I last wrote, the winter being unusually fine and dry, there has been a demand for lime, that we were unprepared …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1862 Nov. 10, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria V I [Vancouver Island], Nov [November] 10^th 1862

My Dear Brother I arrived here this morning from San Juan Island, and found your welcome letter awaiting me at the Post Office. I regret that I did not get it sooner, but I have not been in Victoria for about six weeks, and although I have requested persons to enquire for the letters for me, they have reported none. I am confident however, from the date of yours Aug [August] 28^th, that it must have been here the last time I sent. I am sure that I …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1862 July 27, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria July 27^th 1862 My Dear Brother

On my return to this place last week from Portland, Oregon, where I had been something over a month on business, I found your two welcome letters of April 10^th & May 28^th. I cannot understand why it is that letters are so delayed on the way from Canada to this place, I ought to have received yours of April 10^th previous to my leaving for Portland, neither do I receive more than one half of the letters you write me, for you mention that for the past …

Private Letter From Augustin Hibbard To Brother [William Hibbard], 1862 July 27, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria July 27^th 1862

Private

My Dear Brother[,]

Enclosed you will please find two blank notes sent for my signature. I feel that I am unable to sufficiently thank you for your kind letter of May 28^th, [and] nor to express my gratitude for the kind brotherly feeling pervailing [prevailing] it. The obligations that I am under to you and Ashley are of such a nature, and my position with regard to them is so unsatisfactory, that it has weighed heavily upon my spirits and caused me many a sleepless night, [and] [ ] [ ] [for] …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To Brother [William Hibbard], 1863 June 2, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria V I June 2d 1863

My Dear Brother

How I wish that it was in my power to fill up this sheet with something satisfactory to myself as well as to you, but I cannot it is still the same old story, of struggling and hoping, of that hope defered [deferred], which maketh the heart sick. I had hoped to have had a good summer trade (and may yet, late in the season) but the price of labour [labor] has taken such a rise that all building is stoped [stopped] for the present. Masons, Bricklayers, Carpenters, and all other …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1862 Apr. 24, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria April 24^th 1862

Dear Brother

Yours of Feby [February] 14^th came to hand last mail, but the Steamer remained here so short a time that I had not time to answer it then. The receipt of of it gave me much pleasure for I had not heard from any of you at home for a long time. The last letter that I received was from Ashley under date of Jany [January] 1^st which I answered on Mch [March] 5^th I shall expect to hear from him again in May. Our mail facilities for the past …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1862 Apr. 24, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria April 24^th 1862

Dear Brother

According to your request, I will write all business matters upon a separate sheet hereafter. I have not much to write at the present, and the little that I have to write I fear you will find very unsatisfactory, for it most assuredly is so to me. I have so woefully slipped up in all my calculations and come so far short of realizing what I expected, that I fear that you will have lost all confidence in my ability and judgment, and have come to the, perhaps, very reasonable conclusion, that I …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1861 Dec. 25, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Victoria VI [Vancouver Island] –[ Dec 25^th/61

Dear Brother

This is Christmas day and as I take my pen to write you a few lines. Wishing you a merrie time and a happy New Year, my mind travels back to years, and I am again taking my Christmas dinner at St. Andrews surrounded by the loved ones at home, it is a pleasing illusion, and I suffer myself to enjoy it for awhile, but as I dismiss it, God knows, how much I wish that it was a reality. I wrote you a few hurried lines by the …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [Ashley & William Hibbard] Feb. 7, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Fort Townsend, Washington Territory

Feby [February] 7^th 1859

Dear Brothers,

It is now more than two years since I have received a letter from you, or have written to you. This is not right, we should correspond once a year at the least, but I suppose that you like myself, have been your whole time, so occupied with business, that although you have often thought of me, and, determined to write to me when you would have leisure, yet the time has insensibly passed away, and the letters are still unwritten. I do not seek to excuse myself but …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1856 Oct. 16, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Fort Steilacoom, Puget Sound

Washington Territory

Oct 16^th 1856

Dear Brother,

Your very welcome letter of Aug 18^th reached me yesterday, and my heart was once more gladdened by knowing that at that date you were all well at home. I am, thank God, in good health and my prospects, in a worldly point of view are very fair. I have pretty severe work, as I am travelling the most of the time, and the facilities are small. My business is buying oil and cranberries, and, selling goods on [commission], for three houses in San Francisco.

I am …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1856 July 21, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

San Francisco July 21^st/56

My Dear Brother

I returned to this city on the 10 [ ] in good health having enjoyed my trip to Oregon, and, Puget Sound very much. I intend going up to the Sound again in about ten days. I went up for the purpose of getting orders, and, soliciting trade for a firm in this city, and, at the same time took a small stock of goods with me I did very well, and, think that there is a very good opening for a fair trade on the Sound.

It is one of …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To William Hibbard 1856 Feb. 4, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

No abstract provided.

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1855 Nov. 20, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

San Francisco Nov 20^th 1855

My Dearest Brother

According to my promise in my letter to William by the last mail, I now proceed to answer yours of July 8^th. If you could actually realize my dear brother the pleasure that your letters give me and how anxiously I look for letters from home every mail, you would I think, often devote a few leisure moments in writing to me. I know that I am sadly remiss of my duty, in writing home so seldom, but the privations, hardships, and, disapointments [disappointments] I have experienced during the …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To William Hibbard 1855 Nov. 3, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

No abstract provided.

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1854 Oct. 12, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Coloma Oct 12^th 1854

My Dear Brother

I received your letter of Aug [August] 17^th in Sept. [September] but not in time to answer it by last mail

You can readily conceive that it was with much anxiety that I opened it, for the black seal told me, too well, that some-one who was near and dear to me had been taken by the hand of Death, to that bourne from whence no traveller [traveler] returns.

I should have liked very much to have seen brother Benton again in this world, but the will of the Lord be …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1854 April 12, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

No abstract provided.

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1854 Jan. 12, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

Coloma Jany [January] 12th 1854

My Dear Brother

I believe that you of all the family write me the oftnest [oftenest], and your letters are always interesting and generaly [generally] long ones. Therefore in inditing this short Epistle to you I feel that shall still remain largely in your debt. I should have certainly written you a long letter by this mail had I not known that the letter to Father & Mother would be read by you and that you would consider it the same as you would were it addressed to you. In one of your letters you …

Letter From Augustin Hibbard To [William Hibbard] 1853 Aug. 27, Augustin Hibbard

Gold Rush Life

No abstract provided.