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Claremont Colleges

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The Place Of The Eighteenth Century In American Agricultural History, Richard Bushman Jan 2001

The Place Of The Eighteenth Century In American Agricultural History, Richard Bushman

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

On the eve of the Revolution about 80 percent of the labor force of British North America worked in agriculture. Most colonists spent the majority of their waking hours doing farm work. People of all classes and ethnic origins (men, women, and many children) devoted their days to planting tobacco, husking corn, building fences, milking cows, slaughtering pings, clearing brush, weeding vegetables, churning butter, killing chickens, salting meat, and hoeing, hoeing, hoeing. Native Americans hunted more than Europeans and Africans, but Indians, too, worked the soil. The vast bulk of the population spent its energies from dawn to dusk, day …


The Rise And Fall Of Civility In America: The Genteel Republic, Richard Bushman Jan 1996

The Rise And Fall Of Civility In America: The Genteel Republic, Richard Bushman

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Ours is not the first age to feel pangs of anxiety about the decline of civility, refinement, and manners. Two centuries ago, the currents of revolution stirred similar fears among many of America's Founding Fathers. To these creatures of the Enlightenment, living in their Virgina plantation houses and Philadelphia mansions, manners and refinement ranked with the rule of law, the development of science, and the practice of the arts as the greatest of civilization's achievements.