Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

History Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 1 - 11 of 11

Full-Text Articles in History

Teaching African-American Children: The Legacy Of Slavery, Harold Horton Jun 1994

Teaching African-American Children: The Legacy Of Slavery, Harold Horton

New England Journal of Public Policy

The pathetic state of urban public school education offered to African-American children stems from slavery, when it was against the law to educate slaves, who were regarded as chattel. This article traces the history of the blighting of their minds by stripping those slaves of their African culture, and its effect on African-American children, as well as other children of color, today. Horton offers suggestions for coping with the problems of modern schools as related to respecting and teaching these children, pointing out that the system is the problem, not the children.


Eastern Abenaki Autonomy And French Frustrations, 1745-1760, David L. Ghere Jun 1994

Eastern Abenaki Autonomy And French Frustrations, 1745-1760, David L. Ghere

Maine History

Most Abenaki Indians became French allies between 1745 and 1760, but in effect it was English policy that ultimately drove them into this alliance. While the Western Abenakis were generally reliable allies, French officials were repeatedly frustrated by their limited influence over the Eastern Abenakis and by the restrained reaction of these Indians to English provocations. Eastern Abenakis became reluctant French allies.


Grandmother, Daughter, Princess, Squaw: Native American Female Stereotypes In Historical Perspective, Pauleena M. Macdougall Jun 1994

Grandmother, Daughter, Princess, Squaw: Native American Female Stereotypes In Historical Perspective, Pauleena M. Macdougall

Maine History

One consequence of the English-Algonquin interaction was the development of certain female stereotypes. The Algonquin language term for female evolved into the English word “squaw” and assumed new meaning as it was applied to all Native American women. Similarly, the daughter of a tribal leader; married to a British man, acquired the attributes of European royalty, becoming a “princess. ”


The African-American Urban Milieu And Economic Development, Lenneal J. Henderson Mar 1994

The African-American Urban Milieu And Economic Development, Lenneal J. Henderson

Trotter Review

Economic disparity between urban white America and urban black America is becoming more pronounced, whether in central cities, suburbs, or edge cities. African-American employment prospects have declined in central cities, increased slightly in suburbs, and increased substantially for the few African Americans living and working in edge cities. William Julius Wilson cites the decline in stable, higher-paying, blue-collar employment in the industrial cities throughout America. Others identify the changing structure of metropolitan employment as characterized by more rapid professional and white-collar employment growth in suburbs and edge cities and declining employment in central cities. In his book, Cities Without Suburbs …


Revisiting The Question Of Reparations, James Jennings Mar 1994

Revisiting The Question Of Reparations, James Jennings

Trotter Review

Recent congressional action to award Japanese Americans "reparations" for their internment during World War II, as well as the Florida state legislature's act to award $150,000 to black survivors of a white riot rampage of Rosewood, a black town, in 1923, has contributed to a re-emergence of the call for black reparations. Several black state and local politicians and leaders across the United States have called for legislative action that would compensate blacks for three and one half centuries of racial enslavement. The awarding of reparations to Japanese Americans is not the only precedent for indemnity to a group of …


The African-American Business Tradition In Boston, Robert C. Hayden Mar 1994

The African-American Business Tradition In Boston, Robert C. Hayden

Trotter Review

African Americans in Boston have been exhibiting their interest and talents in business for a long time. Those in business today are continuing a tradition that goes back to the African culture of preslavery days. Enslaved Africans who were brought to America came from a business tradition, from a culture of great traders, merchants, and craftsmen. Many enslaved blacks, in fact, purchased their freedom by marketing their skilled services and handmade products.


The History Of Social Work Education For Black People 1900-1930, Robenia Baker Gary, Lawrence E. Gary Mar 1994

The History Of Social Work Education For Black People 1900-1930, Robenia Baker Gary, Lawrence E. Gary

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The nature and extent of the contributions of Black people to social work education during the early twentieth century is the focus of this paper. The scope of this investigation includes: the identification of prominent Black social work educators; analysis of the curricula and the Atlanta School of Social Work and the Bishop Turtle School; and a description of the four basic approaches to social work training for Black people during this development phase of the social work profession.


"Gentle Student Bend Thine Ear To My Speech" An Essay About Sojourner Truth, Abolitionist And Feminist, Laura B. Somerville Mar 1994

"Gentle Student Bend Thine Ear To My Speech" An Essay About Sojourner Truth, Abolitionist And Feminist, Laura B. Somerville

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Sojourner Truth provides a powerful model of advocacy for the social work profession. This paper offers an analysis of this important historical figure that centers around the implications of being a doubly oppressed minority. An analysis of the nineteenth century chattel slavery system sets the stage for understanding the social environment. A brief biography of her life and evolution from enslaved chattel to feminist activist will highlight her social, spiritual, and personal development. Her philosophy, which is compatible with the modern feminist movement, is outlined by an analysis of her speeches.


William Still, A Pioneer African American Social Worker, Audreye E. Johnson Mar 1994

William Still, A Pioneer African American Social Worker, Audreye E. Johnson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article focuses upon William Still as an early modern day social worker who engaged in providing social work services to individuals/ families, groups, and the community. The contributions of other African American pioneers are noted to demonstrate the legacy of service in the African American community. Still's life long dedication to social welfare and social work are highlighted. Covered is more than half a century of service to African Americans by this devoted man. African American contributions to social work is underscored through the life and time of William Still.


North Carolina Public Welfare Institutes For Negroes 1926-1946, Yolanda N. Burwell Mar 1994

North Carolina Public Welfare Institutes For Negroes 1926-1946, Yolanda N. Burwell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Black welfare workers in the South had limited opportunities for professional social work education and development. In 1926, annual public welfare institutes for Blacks were sponsored by the North Carolina State Board of Charities and Public Welfare through its Division of Work Among Negroes. They filled a critical educational and professional void. For twenty years, these annual institutes bolstered the knowledge and skills of a growing corp of Black welfare workers and the maturation of the profession in North Carolina.


Evidence Of Jessakkidds At Machiasport, Roger B. Ray Jan 1994

Evidence Of Jessakkidds At Machiasport, Roger B. Ray

Maine History

Jessakkidds are powerful and prestigious members of an Ojibiua religious society. Evidence of their appearance in eastern Maine - signaling anxiety among the Native peoples of the area - can be found in petroglyphs, etched in rock on the shores of Holmes Bay. In this article Roger B. Ray con nects the symbols in the Sprague-site petro glyphs with the turmoil at the end of the Laurentian Tradition way of life.