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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in History
Political Economy Of The Middle East: Historiography And The Making Of An Episteme, Jordan Rothschild
Political Economy Of The Middle East: Historiography And The Making Of An Episteme, Jordan Rothschild
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
The Great Divergence accelerated a process of Western European states dominating the majority of the world’s geography and people economically and geopolitically. Given the stakes of this shift and its ramifications for all of the history that followed, and the significant way that the divide continues to shape our world, this phenomenon is subject to considerable debate within the historiography. This paper uses the Great Divergence as a departure point to analyze the different schools of political economic history, from the flawed sociologies of the early 20th century theorists to the World Systems Theorists and beyond. A key aspect of …
Attempted Book Bans: The Censorship Of Queer Themes In The 1950s, María J. Quintana-Rodriguez
Attempted Book Bans: The Censorship Of Queer Themes In The 1950s, María J. Quintana-Rodriguez
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This article aims to explore queer book banning during the 1950s in response to Cold War national defense tactics. The decade witnessed the formation of the first public LGBTQ+ rights organizations in the United States as well as a rise in queer literature and publications. This publicization of queerness in society was seen as a rejection of traditional societal norms and threatened the Cold War-imposed gender ideology. In addition, the fear of Communist expansion led to the conflation of homosexuals and Communists, categorizing queerness and queer-related themes as immoral and as an interference in the United States' fight for democracy. …
The Limits Of Solidarity: Leftist Jewish Israeli Activism For Palestine In The 1960’S And 2010’S, Ryann M. Hubbart
The Limits Of Solidarity: Leftist Jewish Israeli Activism For Palestine In The 1960’S And 2010’S, Ryann M. Hubbart
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
What does it mean for Jewish Israelis to engage in Palestinian solidarity? How do they navigate their positions of privilege in their activism? To explore these questions, I begin with a historical trajectory of the rise and fall of leftist Jewish Israeli activist organizations in response to global and local developments. I focus on two periods and their organizations: The Israeli Socialist Organization in the 1960’s and 1970’s and Ta’ayush and Physicians for Human Rights Israel in the 2010’s. In both cases the individuals in question are a very small minority of Israelis. From there I analyze these organizations and …
The Rise Of Russian Peasant Witchcraft: A Response To Social Unrest In Imperial Russia, Katrina Sommer
The Rise Of Russian Peasant Witchcraft: A Response To Social Unrest In Imperial Russia, Katrina Sommer
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Imperial Russia became home to a unique form of witchcraft from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Combining its religious history, patterns of imperial expansion and governance, and social hierarchies, witchcraft accusations arose during especially troublesome economic and political times. Differing from eighteenth-century America Witchcraft trials, these trials were not only femicide. Targeting anyone who might subvert established social or cultural norms, these accusations often led to violent expungement, ending with a ritual of communal bonding.
Lord Northcliffe And The Fall Of The Liberal Party, Jonathan Briffault
Lord Northcliffe And The Fall Of The Liberal Party, Jonathan Briffault
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
The decline of the Liberal Party following their 1906 triumph has prompted countless historical analyses. Despite their significant majorities, popular agenda, and divided opposition, the Liberal Party was unable to convert its support into political success. This paper suggests, through an analysis of the papers and writings of Lord Northcliffe, that the rise of New Journalism and, in particular, Lord Northcliffe’s dominance of the press, laid the foundation for the Liberal Party’s demise. Lord Northcliffe, through his monopolization of the press, offered a coherent and unified opposition to the Liberal agenda, successfully splintered the Liberal leadership, and guided the Conservative …
Property Laws, White Settler Power And The Kingdom Of Hawai’I, Martin Rakowszczyk
Property Laws, White Settler Power And The Kingdom Of Hawai’I, Martin Rakowszczyk
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Hawai’ian property laws in the 19th century, while intended to provide for the transition of the islands to a European mode of commerce and allow for greater prosperity, weakened the power of Native Hawai`ian subjects and ultimately contributed to European planter power and the eventual annexation of the islands. Prior to European contact, land in the Kingdom of Hawai`i was communally owned and not treated as a tradable commodity. However, forced to settle foreign debts, the Hawai’ian government instituted land reform intended to raise money and maintain Hawai’ian sovereignty. Given the constant threat of annexation by Western powers and …
The Tanganyika Groundnut Scheme: A Site Of Change And Conservatism, Jane A. O'Connell
The Tanganyika Groundnut Scheme: A Site Of Change And Conservatism, Jane A. O'Connell
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
By focusing on the notorious Tanganyika Groundnut Scheme, this paper examines the evolution of British development policy in an East African colony throughout the pre-and post-war eras. I begin by detailing the historiography of writing on the Tanganyika Groundnut Scheme, connecting the shift in tone and focus of historians to broader trends in academia and perceptions of Africa, and then continue to provide an overview of pre-war colonial policy in Tanganyika. After laying out this framework, I highlight the profound impact of World War Two on British thought and the ways in which this translated to development policy, accounting for …
Cinquante Cinq Millions De Français?: French Propaganda During The Algerian Revolution, Amaya Escandon
Cinquante Cinq Millions De Français?: French Propaganda During The Algerian Revolution, Amaya Escandon
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
In the late 1950’s to early 1960’s, the visual landscape of Algerian communities would have included walls plastered with various posters and pamphlets in both French and Arabic urging them to “talk,” or to enlist in the French Army, or to “say yes to France and Algeria,” or to say “Yes to Peace.” During the Algerian Revolution, a conflict of urban warfare, terrorism, torture, and no detectable enemy for the French to target, both sides recognized that the war would be won through political control of the population. One of the ways they fought for this control was through visual …
The Bodies Of The Condemned: The Return Of The Body As The Object Of State Power, Kenzo E. Okazaki
The Bodies Of The Condemned: The Return Of The Body As The Object Of State Power, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper provides a historical analysis of the genealogy of American policing and attempts to explain the return of state power to individual bodies. It argues that this return was informed by French counterinsurgency strategies in Algeria. Through engagement with Foucault's analysis of power and surveillance practices, it aims to shed light on and help us better understand and combat police brutality today.
Full Issue: Volume 2, Issue 1, Editorial Board
Full Issue: Volume 2, Issue 1, Editorial Board
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
The first issue in the second volume of the Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal.
Selection From "Una Iglesia Desaparecida: The End Of An Era For The Chilean Catholic Church", September Porras Payea
Selection From "Una Iglesia Desaparecida: The End Of An Era For The Chilean Catholic Church", September Porras Payea
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This article aims to investigate the changing political alignment of the Chilean Catholic Church following the fall of the dictatorship in the early 1990’s. The author brings together a primary source collection of new articles, photographs, and interviews, as well as a secondary source collection of sociological surveys and historiography, to interrogate the process and outcome of this political transition. The article maintains that desires for hierarchical control and a rejection of past, progressive theology motivated Church leaders to transition the Church away from community based leadership, to clerical control.
Media, Criminal Injustice, And The Black Freedom Struggle, Erin G. Turner
Media, Criminal Injustice, And The Black Freedom Struggle, Erin G. Turner
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Since the mid-20th century, media outlets have driven publicity for newsworthy events and shaped content for their receptive audiences. Commonly, massive movements seek publicity to attract attention and participation for protests, demonstrations, slogans, and unfortunate events. For instance, the black freedom struggle of the 1950s through the 1970s took advantage of their traumatic narratives of oppression to attract national and international attention. Many African Americans who experienced dastardly components of a racist criminal justice system were, in turn, earning respect and power from their freedom-seeking counterparts by commodifying the emotion that fueled black liberation efforts.[i] Media, therefore, became …
The Performance Of Change Through The G.I. Bill, Jillian B. Smith
The Performance Of Change Through The G.I. Bill, Jillian B. Smith
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
The Serviceman’s Readjustment Act of 1944 represented unprecedented investment in social services which uplifted veterans into the middle class. As observers hail the G.I. Bill for its provisions for supposed deserving Americans, popular memories of the G.I. Bill emphasize its imagination of modern veterans’ support and race-neutral policy, while ignoring its shortcomings. The G.I. Bill presents a departure from the New Deal and ushers in a conservative era of creating social programs, while still maintaining the status quo.
The Importance Of Morocco In The Spanish Civil War, Jarod E. Ramirez
The Importance Of Morocco In The Spanish Civil War, Jarod E. Ramirez
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper addresses the pivotal yet forgotten role that Morocco played in the Spanish Civil War. Other histories and analyses of the Civil War limit discussion to the Spanish side of the conflict without recognizing the colonialist holdings that Spain had and the ways that those lands and people impacted the war. This leads to an incomplete history that denies the Civil War its full historical context and the foundational context for the Nationalist side of the conflict. This paper analyzes the war as well as the ideological creations behind Spanish Fascism and the ways in which Morocco was tied …
Shikata Ga Nai: Statelessness And Sacrifice For Japanese-American Volunteers During The Second World War, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Shikata Ga Nai: Statelessness And Sacrifice For Japanese-American Volunteers During The Second World War, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Through a Philosophical analysis of the nature of Internment Camps as well as oral histories of veterans who volunteered to serve in the US military from the camps, this paper will argue that the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII was an event that the Supreme Court and surrounding legal discourse placed outside of legal jurisdiction. Those within the camps were thus condemned to a life lacking political qualification and juridical personhood. Faced with the dangers of this condition, interned Japanese Americans who served in the U.S. Army consciously laid claim to the American political community through the sacrifice of …
Mob Ideology Or Democracy: Analyzing Taiping Rebellion’S Defeat And Revolution Of 1911’S Triumph In Ending The Qing Dynasty, Bincheng Mao
Mob Ideology Or Democracy: Analyzing Taiping Rebellion’S Defeat And Revolution Of 1911’S Triumph In Ending The Qing Dynasty, Bincheng Mao
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper investigates the underlying factors that caused the Qing Dynasty of China to survive the Taiping Rebellion yet crumbled upon the Revolution of 1911. It first examines the ideological differences between the two attempts of regime change, followed by an exploration into the extent of foreign interference in determining the outcomes of the two events. Subsequently, the author analyzes the conflict between the constitutionalists and the absolute monarchists within the Qing court during the time of the Revolution in 1911. Ultimately, this paper concludes that the Qing dynasty survived the Taiping Rebellion yet crumbled upon the Xinhai Revolution because …
The Horseshoe Theory Of Mental Illness And Incarceration, Alicia Y. Liu
The Horseshoe Theory Of Mental Illness And Incarceration, Alicia Y. Liu
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper focuses on the relationship between historical mental illness treatment and modern incarceration, reimagining it as a horseshoe, with mental illness on one end and prison on the other. There are three reasons why the two parallel each other, these being: formulated sequestration, chronicity, and histories of failed high-minded reform. The paper then writes about the intersection of the two in a mental health ward in a prison. The last aspect discussed is the gap between the ends of the horseshoe, which is due to the role of volition.
Full Issue: Volume 1, Issue 1, Editorial Board
Full Issue: Volume 1, Issue 1, Editorial Board
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
The first issue of the Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal.