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Memorandum From Martin Cross To Senator Langer Regarding Several Bills That Cross Wants To See Though The Committee, Likely 1955, Martin Cross

William Langer Papers

This undated memorandum, from Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross to United States (US) Senator William Langer, lists five US Senate Bills that Cross would like to see: US Senate Bill 2151 (S. 2151), US Senate Bill 1528 (S. 1528), US Senate Bill 746 (S. 746), US Senate Bill 1530 (S. 1530), and US Senate Bill 1956 (S. 1956).

There are some handwritten notes on the memorandum.

See also:

Telegram from Martin Cross to Senator Langer Regarding Senate Bills 2151 and 1528, February 23, 1956

An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold …

Letter From Barton Greenwood To Senator Langer Regarding Recommendation Of Frank Gordon For Superintendent Of The Fort Berthold Reservation, August 4, 1955, W. Barton Greenwood

William Langer Papers

This letter dated August 4, 1955, from acting Commissioner W. Barton Greenwood of the United States (US) Bureau of Indian Affairs to US Senator William Langer, acknowledges Langer's July 22th letter on behalf of Commissioner Glenn Emmons. Greenwood informs Langer that tribal members from the Three Affiliated Tribes recently visited to discuss the recommendation of Frank Gordon for superintendent of the Fort Berthold Indian Agency. Greenwood says that they were informed that Gordon would be given every consideration.

See also:

Resolution of the Governing Body of the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation Recommending Frank Gordon as Superintendent, …

Political Priming: A Study Of The North Dakota Nonpartisan League, William Langer, And Newspapers Effect On The Vote Return, Sarah Ann Link

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Political Culture On The Northern Plains : North Dakota And The Nonpartisan Experience, Thomas P. Shilts

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the history of North Dakota during the era of the Nonpartisan League (roughly 1915 through 1921). A significant body of research on the League exists, but no study has yet specifically addressed itself to exploring the political culture of the League and of its opponents in such a way that the full nature of the Nonpartisan "revolt" is made clear. The League was indeed the result of farmers’ perception of economic exploitation at the hands of big business, yet it was more basically a proactive struggle for inclusion. While employing elements of agrarian ideology, the League was …

Porter James Mccumber : Evolution Of A Senator, Amy Kathleen Rieger

Theses and Dissertations

Virtually nothing has been written about the early life and career of Porter James McCumber, who served North Dakota in the United States Senate from 1899-1922. Contributing to the lack of written material about the man is the fact that there are very few sources available concerning his social and political life. He left no official papers, and therefore no clear record of his life. The purpose of this thesis, then, is to illuminate the life and times of McCumber, with a special emphasis on his career in North Dakota through his election to the Senate in 1899. I will …

Wild Bill Goes To Washington : A Reassessment Of The Senate Career Of North Dakota's William Langer, Eric P. Bergeson

Theses and Dissertations

William Langer is firmly established as a legend in North Dakota history. The legend began during his controversial terms as attorney general (1916-1920) and governor (1932-1934 and 1936-1938). A maverick in the United States Senate after his election to the upper chamber in 1940, admirers saw him as a civil libertarian and a defender of the "common man." The loyalty and devotion of his constituents increased over the years because of his willingness to do favors for them and because of his considerable campaign skills. However, a study of his papers, the Congressional Record, and newspaper and magazine articles reveals …

Race Of The Century : Guy Vs. Young, 1974 North Dakota U.S. Senate Election, Allan C. Young

Theses and Dissertations

As the 1972-1974 election cycle began, Republican incumbent Milton Young, who had served in the U.S. Senate for twenty-seven years, decided to run for another term with realistic confidence in his ability to repeat prior election victories. His initial optimism began to erode as national Republican leaders questioned his ability to defeat his apparent opponent, former North Dakota Governor William L. Guy. Results of public opinion surveys added credibility to the perception of Young's weakness. Guy saw an opportunity to achieve his long-held goal of becoming a U.S. Senator and cautiously laid the groundwork for his campaign. As the two …

The Nonpartisan League Leadership And The Disloyalty Issue, Jack C. Carmichael

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Ku Klux Klan In Grand Forks, William Lathrop Harwood

Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects

During the 1920's the Ku Klux Klan powerfully influenced all levels of government in the United States. For example, its strength helped to elect governors and U.S. Senators in eight states. As a result of Klan efforts, Oregon voters in 1923 approved a measure prohibiting parochial schools from teaching the first eight grades, and Portland Klan candidates won seats on the city commission in the same year.

This thesis is a case study of the Klan's political activities in Grand Forks, North Dakota, the trading center of the fertile wheatlands of the northern Red River Valley. Here, the local Klan …

The 1966 Republican Campaign In North Dakota, Joseph Charles Crawford

Theses and Dissertations

The 1966 Republican Campaign in North Dakota discusses the efforts of the Party from May, 1965 through November, 1966. The pre-convention period illustrates the effort of the North Dakota Republicans to rebuild their organization after the 1964 defeat. Analysis of this effort is made with regard to finances, organization, and research.

The study then discusses the 1966 state convention, the rise of youth in the Party organization, background and insight into all the races, and a complete tabulation of all ballots. Special emphasis is placed on the problem of the John Birch Society and on how that problem was resolved …

Letter From Senator Langer To Colonel Lynn W. Pine Regarding Land Acquisition, July 23, 1958, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated July 23, 1958, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to US Army Corps of Engineers Colonel Lynn W. Pine, thanks Pine for his previous letter regarding land acquisition for the Garrison Dam and Reservoir. There is a handwritten note at the top of the document that reads "Garrison Dam"

See also:

Letter from Colonel Lynn W. Pine to Senator Langer Regarding Land Acquisition, July 16, 1958

Letter From Colonel Lynn W. Pine To Senator Langer Regarding Land Acquisition, July 16, 1958, Lynn W. Pine

William Langer Papers

This letter dated July 16, 1958, from Colonel Lynn W. Pine of the United States (US) Army Corps of Engineers to US Senator William Langer, discusses the scope of land acquisition for the Garrison Dam including both the acres purchased and the total cost of those lands. Pine also mentions that the lands have come from the Fort Berthold Reservation as well as from the towns Elbowoods, Sanish, and Van Hook.

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Colonel Lynn W. Pine Regarding Land Acquisition, July 23, 1958

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 809, March 26, 1958, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 26, 1958, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes tribal member Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senator [Richard] Neuberger has not yet held a hearing. This is presumably in reference to US Senate Bill 809 (S. 809) which was the subject of their correspondences around this date. Langer says that he is beginning to feel discouraged. Langer indicates that a group from the Standing Rock Reservation is in town and that they are split in their opinions on per capita payments. Langer still wants to see the bill though.

Handwritten notes …

Letter From Senator Langer To S.J. Mcelwain To Regarding The Naming Of The Reservoir Made By The Garrison Dam, March 21, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 21, 1958, from United States Senator William Langer to S.J. McElwain, marks the receipt of McElwain’s letter from March 7, 1958. Langer thanks McElwain and confides that “I have felt for some time that if this name is changed that the Reservoir should be named after Severt Thompson who has done so much for the situation in North Dakota.”

The letter is marked with the handwritten annotation “Garrison Dam.”

See also:

Letter from S.J. McElwain to Senator Langer Regarding the Naming of the Reservoir Made by the Garrison Dam, March 7, 1956

Letter From S.J. Mcelwain To Senator Langer Regarding The Naming Of The Reservoir Made By The Garrison Dam, March 7, 1956, S.J. Mcelwain

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 7, 1958, from S.J. McElwain to United States Senator William Langer, asks Langer to consider naming the reservoir made by Garrison Dam “the Garrison Lake or Reservoir” rather than Lake Sakakawea.

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Telegram from S.J. McElwain to Senator Langer Regarding the Tabling of US HR 104445, March 3, 1958

Telegram From S.J. Mcelwain To Senator Langer Regarding The Tabling Of Us Hr 104445, March 3, 1958, S.J. Mcelwain

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated March 3, 1958, from S.J. McElwain to United States (US) Senator William Langer, calls Langer’s attention to the information mailed by McElwain to Langer’s office about the Tabling of US HR 10445.

See also:

Letter from S.J. McElwain to Senator Langer Regarding the Naming of the Reservoir Made by the Garrison Dam, March 7, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding The Us Supreme Court Case Squire V. Capoeman, July 5, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated July 5, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, directs Cross's attention to the recent US Supreme Court decision on Squire v. Capoeman which concerns the taxability of produce from allotted land on indigenous reservations. The Court ruled that Indigenous people are protected from income tax payments on the produce because of treaties, trust patents, and the US Allotment Act. Langer anticipates that the US Internal Revenue Service will release a statement holding that Indigenous people are not subject to income taxation on proceeds from the sales of …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 2151 Which Is Now Us Public Law 84-553, June 11, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated June 11, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, encloses a report from Assistant Secretary of the Interior Wesley A. D'Ewart concerning US Senate Bill 2151 which is now US Public Law 84-553 (also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose"). There are handwritten notes on the letter.

See also:

Telegram from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Informing that US Senate Bill 2151 was Signed into Law, June …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Was Signed Into Law, June 5, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated June 5, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 was signed into law on June 4th. Langer says that he is contacting other tribal members with the news and that he is very happy the bill was signed into law.

The letter contains some handwritten notes.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for …

Telegram From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Was Signed Into Law, June 5, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated June 5, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 (S. 2151) was signed into law on June 4th. A letter is to follow.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose"

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Informing that US Senate Bill 2151 was Signed Into Law, June 5, …

Telegram From Senator Langer To Patrick Gourneau Stating That Langer Is Helping In Every Way Possible, April 25, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated April 25, 1956, from United States Senator William Langer to Patrick Gourneau of Turtle Mountain, responds to Gourneau's telegram and says that Langer is helping in every way possible.

A handwritten note at the top of the letter reads, "Cross, Martin."

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Telegram from Patrick Gourneau to Senator Langer Requesting that Langer Assist Martin Cross on His Present Mission in Washington, D.C., April 24, 1956

Telegram From Patrick Gourneau To Senator Langer Requesting That Langer Assist Martin Cross On His Present Mission In Washington, D.C., April 24, 1956, Patrick Gourneau

William Langer Papers

This telegraph dated April 24, 1956, from Patrick Gourneau of Turtle Mountain to United States Senator William Langer, asks Langer to assist Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross on his present mission in Washington, D.C.

There are some shorthand notes on the telegram.

See also:

Telegram from Senator Langer to Patrick Gourneau Stating that Langer is Helping in Every Way Possible, April 25, 1956

Telegram from Patrick Gourneau to Representative Burdick Asking that Burdick Support Martin Cross, April 24, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 2663, April 17, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated April 17, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, thanks Cross for his statement regarding US Senate Bill 2663 (S. 2663) which pertains to relief for depressed areas. Langer hopes that Cross's statements will help the bill's progress.

There are some handwritten annotations on the letter.

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding US Senate Bill 2663, March 2, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us House Resolution 5566, April 12, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated April 12, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, provides an update on US House Resolution 5566 (H.R. 5566) which aims to extend the US Indian Claims Commission. Langer reports that the US Subcommittee on Indian Affairs ordered the bill be reported to the US Full Interior Committee without the amendment recommended by the US Department of Justice. Langer encloses a copy of the pertinent US Senate Report (Senate Report 1727), which is not included with this document. Langer says he will keep Cross updated.

See also:

United …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding The Estate Of Richard Wolf, April 12, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated April 12, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, encloses a report from the US Department of the Interior regarding the estate of Richard Wolf. The department has supported two minor children as heirs to the estate. The report from the US Department of the Interior is not enclosed with this document.

There are some handwritten annotations on this letter.

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Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding the Funds of Mary Edith Good Bear and Fannie Wolf, March 22, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Douglas Mckay Regarding The Estate Of Richard Wolf, March 22, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 22, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to US Secretary of the Interior Douglas McKay, encloses a letter from Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross regarding the estate of Richard Wolf. Langer asks McKay for comments or suggestions on the matter. The letter from Cross was not included with this document.

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding the Funds of Mary Edith Good Bear and Fannie Wolf, March 22, 1956

Telegram From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Passed The Senate, March 19, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated March 19, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 (S. 2151) has passed the US Senate.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 on June 4, 1956. US Public Law 84-553 is also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose."

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Informing that US Senate Bill 2151 Passed the Senate, March …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Passed The Senate, March 19, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 19, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 passed the US Senate. Langer says that he will update Cross once the bill is voted on in the US House of Representatives. Langer suggests that Cross contact US Representative [Usher] Burdick regarding the bill.

There are some handwritten notes on the letter.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 on June 4, 1956. US Public Law 84-553 is also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 809, March 5, 1958, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 5, 1958, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes tribal member Martin Cross, is in regards to US Senate Bill 809 (S. 809) which is likely a reference to US Senate Bill 85-809 entitled, "To Provide Economic Assistance to the American Indians," sponsored by Sen. Langer. Langer informs Cross that S. 809 is not "dead." Langer makes some comments on the bill and asks Cross for his opinion on it.

There are some handwritten notes on the letter.

S. 809 did not become US public law.

See also:

Letter from Martin Cross …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Thanking Cross For Telegram Regarding Us Senate Bills 2151 And 1528, March 2, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 2, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, thanks Cross for his recent telegram regarding US Senate Bills 2151 and 1528 (S. 2151 and S. 1528). Langer asks how Cross is doing and for an update on the tribes.

A handwritten note at the top of the letter reads, "Cross, Martin."

See also:

Telegram from Martin Cross to Senator Langer Regarding US Senate Bills 2151 and 1528, February 23, 1956