History Commons^™

Chilean Coup – Un General Assembly Meeting Simulation Scenario And Background Readings, Kitty Lam

Kitty Lam

This lesson plan for high school students in World History and United States History courses is related to Augusto Pinochet's 1973 coup d'etat in Chile. Students will simulate a fictitious United Nations General Assembly Meeting in December 1973 to address the crisis in Chile. This lesson is based on material from the CNN Cold War documentary series, episode 18 "Backyard" and primary source material from "Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973", National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 8, by Peter Kornbluh (http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/nsaebb8i.htm). There are two documents related to this lesson …

Regional Integration And Transnational Politics: Popular Sector Strategies In The Nafta Era, Maria Lorena Cook

Maria Lorena Cook

[Excerpt] This chapter argues that although economic integration between the United States and Mexico had been taking place for some time, it was the formal recognition of this process as represented by the discussions surrounding the North American Free Trade Agreement that facilitated transnational political action by non-state actors. Whereas the globalization of the economy and the prevalence of neoliberal economic policies may be considered by some to undermine popular sector organization and actions, formal recognition of regional economic integration in North America has produced a ‘transnational political’ arena that has expanded the resources available to non-governmental groups, increased their …

Foucault, Marxism And The Cuban Revolution: Historical And Contemporary Reflections, Sam Binkley, Jorge Capetillo-Ponce

Jorge Capetillo-Ponce

This article relates central themes of Marxist and Foucauldian thought to the intellectual and political legacy of the Cuban Revolution. Against the backdrop of a reading of Foucault’s relationship to the revolutionary left, it is argued that Marxist theoretical discourse on guerrilla struggle (as articulated by Mao, Guevara and others) provide an intriguing case for bio-political struggle. In the case of the Cuban revolution, an ethics of self-transformation appears in which new ways of living and practicing life are cultivated in opposition to sedimentations of state power. Moreover, in addition to this historical case, a discussion is offered of the …

Argentina Is Deity And Juan Domingo Perón Its High Priest: The 'Politics Is Religion' Metaphor In Perón's Political Discourse, 1946-1952, Deborah Berho

Deborah Berho

This essay examines how charismatic former president of Argentina Juan Domingo Perón used the metaphor 'politics is religion' in his political discourse.

Review Of Native And National In Brazil (Comparative Studies In Society And History), Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

No abstract provided.

Review Of Native And National In Brazil (Bulletin Of Latin American Research), Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

No abstract provided.

Counterfoundational Histories From Native Brazil: On Violence And The Aesthetics Of Memory, Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

Review Of Native And National In Brazil (Hispanic American Historical Review), Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

No abstract provided.

Movimientos Obreros Y Por Los Derechos Humanos En América Latina: Convergencia, Divergencia Y Consecuencias Para La Promoción De Los Derechos Económicos, Sociales Y Culturales [Labor Movements And Human Rights In Latin America: Convergence, Divergence, And The Implications For The Promotion Of Economic, Social And Cultural Rights], Maria Lorena Cook

Maria Lorena Cook

[Excerpt] Los derechos propios del trabajo forman parte de los derechos humanos hace mucho tiempo y gozan del reconocimiento de pactos internacionales. La Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos, adoptada por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, en 1948, enumera los derechos a condiciones de trabajo justas y favorables; a igual remuneración por trabajo de igual valor; a una remuneración equitativa y favorable, y a formar sindicatos y afiliarse a ellos. El Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos (PIDCP) incluye los derechos a la libertad de asociación y a formar sindicatos y afiliarse a ellos. El Pacto Internacional de Derechos …

Send In The Mouse, How American Politicians Used Walt Disney Productions To Safeguard The American Home Front In Wwii, Jordan Winters

Jordan Winters

Despite the success of Disney’s first full length featured film Snow White in 1937 , the animators’ strike of the late 1930s and the war in Europe cutting of international profits brought the Walt Disney Company was near bankruptcy by 1941. Walt Disney was faced with the possibility of closing down his studio. However, the entrance of the United States into WWII and the rising threat of the spread of Nazism became the saving grace to the Walt Disney Studio. This essay explores the collaborations between Disney, businessman and politician Nelson Rockefeller, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the 1940s. …

Send In The Mouse, How American Politicians Used Walt Disney Productions To Safeguard The American Home Front In Wwii, Jordan M. Winters

Jordan M Winters

Despite the success of Disney’s first full length featured film Snow White in 1937 , the animator’s strike of the late 1930s and the war in Europe cutting of international profits, by 1941 the Walt Disney Company was near bankruptcy. Walt Disney was faced with the possibility of closing down his studio. However, the entrance of the United States into WWII and the rising threat of the spread of Nazism became the saving grace to the Walt Disney Studio. This essay explores the collaborations between Disney, businessman and politician Nelson Rockefeller, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the 1940s. Through …

Journeys To Others And Lessons Of Self: Carlos Castaneda In Camposcape, Ageeth Sluis

Ageeth Sluis

Drawing on Michel Foucault’s concept of heterotopia, this article examines the importance of place and gender within constructions of race politics in Carlos Castaneda’s series on shamanism. Championing a “separate reality” predicated on an indigenous worldview, Castaneda’s lessons invited transnational middle-class youth to "journey" alongside him to camposcape—an anachronistic and idealized countryside—as a means to escape the bourgeois values of their homelands and find spiritual fulfillment in a timeless and "authentic" Mexico. Castaneda’s work proposed new viable spaces of difference in Mexico, yet inscribed these spaces with a masculinist discourse that served to neutralize the gender trouble within the counterculture …

Projecting Pornography And Mapping Modernity In Mexico City, Ageeth Sluis

Ageeth Sluis

Drawing on Elizabeth Grosz’s and Doreen Massey’s insights that place and gender are mutually constitutive, this article examines the articulation among the embodied city, sexual desire, and changing gender norms in the wake of the Mexican Revolution. At this time, a newly governing revolutionary elite sought to reinvigorate and “civilize” Mexico City through a series of urban reforms and public works, partly in response to their concern over women in public as a social problem. By analyzing depictions of female nudity as conversant with urban landscapes in the banned magazine Vea, the author argues that pornography connected Mexico City to …

Bataclanismo! Or, How Deco Bodies Transformed Postrevolutionary Mexico City, Ageeth Sluis

Ageeth Sluis

In the spring of 1925, Santa Anita's Festival of Flowers seemed to follow its tranquil trend of previous years. The large displays of flowers, the selection of indias bonitas (as the contestants of beauty pageants organized in an attempt to stimulate indigenism were known) and the boat-rides on the Viga Canal, all communicated what residents of neighboring Mexico City had come to expect of the small pueblo in the Federal District since the Porfiriato: the respite of a peaceful pastoral, the link to a colorful past, and the promise that mexicanidad was alive and well in the campo. Unfortunately, wrote …

Por Uma História Da Família E Da População Na Amazônia Brasileira: Percursos Historiográficos, Daniel Barroso

Daniel S. Barroso

No abstract provided.

Múltiplos Do Cativeiro: Casamento, Compadrio E Experiência Comunitária Numa Propriedade Escrava No Grão-Pará (1840-1870), Daniel S. Barroso

Daniel S. Barroso

No abstract provided.

Cana-De-Áçúcar No Brasil, Vittorio Pastelli

Vittorio Pastelli

Panorama do desenvolvimento do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil com ênfase no Estado de São Paulo, das origens no século 16 até o presente.

The Politics Of Economic Restructuring In Mexico: Actors, Sequencing, And Coalition Change, Maria Lorena Cook, Kevin J. Middlebrook, Juan Molinar Horcasitas

Maria Lorena Cook

[Excerpt] This introductory chapter addresses three topics. The first section examines the historical origins of Mexico's postrevolutionary authoritarian regime, focusing on the principal institutional and coalitional legacies of regime formation in the aftermath of the 1910-1920 Mexican Revolution. It also addresses briefly the relationship between authoritarian rule and import-substituting industrialization from the 1940s through the 1970s, as well as the challenges posed by economic crisis in the 1980s. The second part of this chapter analyzes in greater detail the impact of economic crisis and restructuring on the stability of Mexico's governing coalition and the growing importance of opposition parties and …

Organizing Opposition In The Teachers' Movement In Oaxaca, Maria Lorena Cook

Maria Lorena Cook

[Excerpt] This essay examines the continuing struggle of rank-and-file teachers to democratize the SNTE, a union of between 800,000 and one million members linked to the PRI. In particular, the essay analyzes the dissident movement's strategy of organizing to hold and win elections in union locals, and assesses the advantages and limitations of this strategy over a ten-year period (1979-1989). What were the implications of organizing within an official union for the movement's internal organization, demands, strategies, and ability to achieve its goals? This essay is divided into three parts. The first looks at the official union as an institution …

Landscapes Of Freedom And Inequality: Environmental Histories Of The Pacific And Caribbean Coasts Of Colombia, Shawn Van Ausdal

Shawn Van Ausdal

In this comparative environmental history, we examine the divergent trajectories of Colombia’s coastal forests since the mid-19th century. In the Pacific lowlands, natural resource extraction by a black peasantry altered the forested landscape but did not transform it completely. Left by the white, merchant elite in charge of the extractive process, this post-emancipation society maintained their territorial independence and avoided significant internal differentiation. Racial divisions, however, signaled the continuation of disparities that had their origin in slavery and colonialism. In the Caribbean, by contrast, the expansion of cattle ranching better integrated the region into the nation, but at the expense …

Vacas Y Pastos: Creación De Paisajes Ganaderos, Shawn Van Ausdal, Robert W. Wilcox

Shawn Van Ausdal

No abstract provided.

Ao Fim De Uma Bela Época: Migração Ibérica, Redes Sociais E Trabalho Em Belém No Limiar Do Século Xx, Maria De Nazaré Sarges, Daniel S. Barroso

Daniel S. Barroso

No abstract provided.

Los "Popol Wuj" Y Sus Epistemologías: Las Diferencias, El Conocimiento Y Los Ciclos Del Infinito, Carlos M. López

Carlos M. López

In this book the author studies one of the documents contained in the Ayer MS 1515, commonly known as the Popol Wuj (or Vuh). This text constitutes a fragmentary but not necessarily coherent corpus of writings, however, it still is a very important piece of the cultural and epistemological discourse of some of the pre-colonial Mesoamerican civilizations. Another important characteristic of this text is the superposition of multiple re-phonetizations and translations to which the text has been subjected. This transforms it into a text written under conditions of coloniality that encompasses several layers of meanings intersected by Western concepts. The …

Agency, Structures And Peru: Action And In-Action During 1980-2000, Kimberly A. Protzel

Kimberly Protzel

The Shining Path along with Alberto Fujimori's presidency in Peru (encompassing the years 1980-2000) created a terrifying chaos that was wound up in both state and insurgent terrorism, corruption, and massacres. While this chaos is inextricably linked to Peru's history, I fear is being all too quickly forgotten. My main motivation behind this research has been to take a step towards increasing awareness of these events and the many reasons behind them: the agenic nature of some versus the lack of it in others, structures developed by colonialism, and most terrifyingly of all - willful ignorance. By understanding these reasons, …

Productivity Gains And The Limits Of Tropical Ranching In Colombia, 1850-1950, Shawn Van Ausdal

Shawn Van Ausdal

Contrary to the common assumption that Colombian ranchers were uninterested or unable to improve their cattle operations before the 1950s, this article provides evidence of slowly rising productivity indices from the mid-nineteenth century. These improvements were based on the diffusion of African grasses, new breeds of cattle, barbed-wire fencing, and better ranch management. However, despite such gains, Colombian ranchers failed to break into the international beef trade; their productivity levels did not rise sufficiently to compete against major exporters such as Argentina. Nonetheless, the gains they made suggest that this failure was not simply rooted in the backward and non-productive …

Museo De Aguas De Alicante El Agua En El Origen De Alicante Una Visión Histórico-Arqueológica Desde La Prehistoria Hasta La Época Moderna, Pablo Rosser

pablo rosser

A partir de restos arqueológicos, de documentación de archivo y de cartografía histórica, se hace una evolución sobre cómo el agua y su uso permitió el asentamiento de población en Alicante desde el neolítico hasta época contemporánea.

From Slave Revolt To A Blood Pact With Satan: The Evangelical Rewriting Of Haitian History, Elizabeth Mcalister

Elizabeth McAlister

Enslaved Africans and Creoles in the French colony of Saint-Domingue are said to have gathered at a nighttime meeting at a place called Bois Caïman in what was both political rally and religious ceremony, weeks before the Haitian Revolution in 1791. The slave ceremony is known in Haitian history as a religio-political event and used frequently as a source of inspiration by nationalists, but in the 1990s, neo-evangelicals rewrote the story of the famous ceremony as a ‘‘blood pact with Satan.’’ This essay traces the social links and biblical logics that gave rise first to the historical record, and then …

Contact And Missionization At Tayasal, Peten, Guatemala, Timothy W. Pugh

Timothy W Pugh

Until their conquest by the Spanish in 1697, many Itza Maya occupied a large village at Tayasal, Peten, Guatemala. After the conquest, two missions were built there. The village and missions are located within 2 km of modern Flores, which was once Nojpete´n, the Itza capital, and later the Spanish presidio (fortified administrative center). Our excavations uncovered the San Bernabe´ mission on the Tayasal peninsula and defined the Late Postclassic-period (A.D. 1400–1525) occupation of the site. San Bernabe´ was established in the early 18th century as part of Spanish efforts to control indigenous populations in Peten. Our research demonstrates that …

Labores Ganaderas En El Caribe Colombino, 1850-1950, Shawn Van Ausdal

Shawn Van Ausdal

No abstract provided.

Artículo Político Campaña Electoral 2011 B, Pablo Rosser

pablo rosser

No abstract provided.