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Articles 1 - 30 of 488
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
"Nothing In America Would Outrival Such A Spectacle": The Contested Histories Of Mount Rushmore, Western Tourism, And American Nationalism, Sophia Ciatti
Undergraduate Research Awards
Mount Rushmore, as one of the primary tourist destinations of both South Dakota and the American West in general, is an important source for an examination of American interstate tourism. However, while many scholars have discussed the physical history of Mount Rushmore, such as Gilbert Fite’s Mount Rushmore and Rex Allen Smith’s The Carving of Mount Rushmore, fewer historians have discussed the intellectual history behind the monument. The intentions imbued in the monument from its creators, and the impact the creation of Mount Rushmore had upon the American public are both worth analyzing because those two aspects ended up …
Artlessness: A Disturbing Ideal In Fanny Burney's Evelina, Autumn Wille
Artlessness: A Disturbing Ideal In Fanny Burney's Evelina, Autumn Wille
Undergraduate Research Awards
Before the Enlightenment, the psychological symptoms which are now associated with autism were rationalized through a lens of religion and folklore. Post-Enlightenment, the term “autism” and its classification as a neurodivergence were first recorded midway through the 20th century (Zeldovich). Between these two explanations is a two-hundred-year gap in which faith-based rationalizations were shunned in the name of science, yet science had not developed a label for autism—nor was that label perhaps yet necessary, given the relative simplicity of the world compared to today. What, then, was the social appraisal of autistic-coded symptoms during those two hundred years, and …
Krautrock, Kraftwerk, And Techno: The Transnational And Interracial Circulations Of Electronic Music Genres Between Europe And America, Eleanor Robb
Undergraduate Research Awards
Since the 1960’s, there has been a circular exchange of musical elements and genre-creation between Black[1]musicians in America and the German band Kraftwerk. The effects of deindustrialization, population decline, and white flight in Detroit, coupled with the presence of the city’s Black inhabitants during the 1960’s and 70’s, created the conditions for a breakthrough of genre in American music. In turn, Kraftwerk’s auditory presence in America, and particularly in Detroit, became a particular influence on the developing electronic music genre of Detroit Techno. Samples and interpolations from this influence still permeate American popular music today. The genre of …
Framing Femininity: Opportunities For Gender Non-Conformity At U.S. Women's Colleges At The Turn Of The Twentieth Century, Natté Fortier
Framing Femininity: Opportunities For Gender Non-Conformity At U.S. Women's Colleges At The Turn Of The Twentieth Century, Natté Fortier
Undergraduate Research Awards
Cross-dressing and same-sex attractions were common occurrences at historically women’s colleges (HWCs) in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the majority of these institutions came into their own. When examining typical characteristics of HWC campus cultures in their formative years, one might be surprised to see misalignment between common and accepted behaviors by college women versus outside social expectations for women of their class and time period. Thus we might ask: what unique opportunities existed in the early era of HWCs that permitted students to transcend elite patriarchal expectations for gender and femininity? This paper aims to explore …
Theatre As An Individual And Collective Art, Chin Wai Wong
Theatre As An Individual And Collective Art, Chin Wai Wong
Theatre Student Work
Art can be as tangible as objects. Art can also be as intangible as ideas. Art exists in multiple forms, such as painting, music, literatures, dancing, acting, and so on, which at the same time defines the form of theatre art. The multi-dimensional nature of theatre art is complex and requires a lot from people, including time, money, and effort. Such effort is not singular but rather diverse and multi-layered. It not only requires people to have contributive skills but also the ability to bind together the skills that different people have. Theatre is collaborative by nature, so communication is …
The Racial Inventions Of Medieval Travel Writings, Paramita Vadhahong Painter
The Racial Inventions Of Medieval Travel Writings, Paramita Vadhahong Painter
Undergraduate Research Awards
The famous travel writings of Ibn Battuta and Sir John Mandeville convey formative racial, political, and sociocultural dynamics that shape their respective regions and time periods. This paper investigates how their travel narratives manipulate the reader into accepting the authors’ definitions of otherness through the lens of race, religion, and alterity. Their accounts address elements such as bodily difference, standards of social hospitality, and religious customs from untrustworthy yet popularly accepted standpoints, indirectly promoting reform of other cultures towards their own worldviews. Although Ibn Battuta is a historical figure whose travels across the Islamic world are documented in written accounts, …
The Forced Effeminization Of Male Chinese Immigrants And The Consequences Of This Process, Hailee Brandt
The Forced Effeminization Of Male Chinese Immigrants And The Consequences Of This Process, Hailee Brandt
Undergraduate Research Awards
The aim of this paper is to uncover and highlight the forced effeminization of male Chinese immigrants and the consequences of this process during the Chinese Exclusion Act Era. The Chinese Exclusion Act Era is defined by a period of time within American history in which strict and scrutinizing laws were created with the aim of restricting access to the United States for Chinese people. Additionally, these laws aimed to restrict the freedom the Chinese people might have had whilst living their lives in America if they ever were to make it through such oppressive borders. The most notable of …
Retelling Tales: Patience Agbabi's Queering Of Chaucer's "The Man Of Law's Tale", Caylin Wigger
Retelling Tales: Patience Agbabi's Queering Of Chaucer's "The Man Of Law's Tale", Caylin Wigger
Undergraduate Research Awards
Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is recognized as a formative text within the canon of English literature. Because of his widely known status, Chaucer and his writings have become the central focus of many medievalists; this does not simply mean the increased presence of critical writings, but also creative works that are inspired by The Canterbury Tales. Patience Agbabi’s Telling Tales is a contemporary poetic retelling of The Canterbury Tales in which she explores the origins of ideas such as diaspora, colonization, racialized thinking, social hierarchy, and binary thinking, only to question these ideas in her own writing. Author …
Impacts On Native American Literacy Throughout The 1800s, Alyssa Lawhorn
Impacts On Native American Literacy Throughout The 1800s, Alyssa Lawhorn
Undergraduate Research Awards
The literacy of Indigenous peoples of America underwent extreme transformations as the tedious attempts by descendants of colonizers to integrate aspects of white American life into Indigenous customs continued. Native American literacy exclusively consisted of oral traditions prior to the arrival of British colonizers in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. These oral traditions were, and still are, key elements of Indigenous culture as they serve to distribute cultural lessons, record histories, and share religious legends through the generations and amongst others. As the basis of Indigenous culture these traditions were one of the primary features of Native American life that scholars …
“A Colony Of Our Choice”: Black Baltimoreans And Emigration To Trinidad, Mars Mcleod
“A Colony Of Our Choice”: Black Baltimoreans And Emigration To Trinidad, Mars Mcleod
Undergraduate Research Awards
Black American history is a narrative characterized by a struggle for rights, including rights to self-preservation and self-determination, for all Americans. Exemplified throughout all four centuries of Black America’s creation, Black resistance to white supremacy has appeared in the form of protests, violence, emigration, and social movements, as well as more accommodationist theory and practice. Black Americans have been the primary force in building out and enforcing revolutionary the ideas presented in the Declaration of Independence, ensuring that those words, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator …
Jewish Pioneers In The Service Of Christian Whiteness In The 19th-Century American West, Elizabeth Klein
Jewish Pioneers In The Service Of Christian Whiteness In The 19th-Century American West, Elizabeth Klein
Undergraduate Research Awards
In recent years, historians of American religion have contributed significantly to pushing back against the conception of America as a nation founded on religious freedom and characterized since its inception by a strong sense of pluralism. Although religious tolerance was one of the most essential American ideals, it was not always a reality for minority religious groups, and the religious pluralism that developed in the years after the Revolution was created by those outside of the Christian majority who had to fight to create space within it. This research has shown that over the course of American history, Jews have …
“Their Eyes Met At The Same Instant”: The Queer Gothic And Triumphant Romance Of The Price Of Salt, Deirdre Price
“Their Eyes Met At The Same Instant”: The Queer Gothic And Triumphant Romance Of The Price Of Salt, Deirdre Price
Undergraduate Research Awards
The Price of Salt by Patricia Highsmith is a seminal 20th century lesbian text famous for its suspenseful tone, slow burn romance, and narrow escape from the entrappings of the literary modes of mid-century lesbian pulp fiction. The novel provides its reader with a case study in the ways our dominant culture and narratives influence us and how we can push back against them, for it rejects the tendency held by much of English literature written prior to the last quarter of the twentieth century to punish the lesbian at the conclusion of her story for her deviance from the …
Communication Of Values And Morals Through Andrea Della Robbia’S Prudence, Caylin Wigger
Communication Of Values And Morals Through Andrea Della Robbia’S Prudence, Caylin Wigger
Undergraduate Research Awards
Created by Andrea della Robbia in 1475, the circular relief of Prudence, executed in tin-glazed terracotta, exemplifies an intrinsic relationship to religion, morals, and virtues in both medium and subject matter, typical of Renaissance Art. From the development of the della Robbia family workshop, to modern conservation efforts, the della Robbia tin-glazed terracotta method elucidates a timeless and extreme dedication to moral values. The inherent humility of the terracotta, a simple clay dug from the earth, had been recognized even before Andrea created Prudence by close followers of the Christian faith. Not only were the basic elements of Prudence …
Rabbits And Hogs And Bears, Oh My! Monstrous Births And Control Over Pregnant Bodies, Elizabeth Klein
Rabbits And Hogs And Bears, Oh My! Monstrous Births And Control Over Pregnant Bodies, Elizabeth Klein
Undergraduate Research Awards
Monstrous birth stories occupied early modern European society between the 16th and 18th centuries. These stories depicted gruesome and fantastical births influenced by the imaginations and ill virtue of pregnant women, and the tales were the subject of much interest within the intellectual and medical community. The discussion of these births that took place among the male members of such communities were particularly revelatory of the way female bodies were viewed and controlled in early modern Europe. These conversations are evidenced in the writings of 16th and 17th-century European physicians about the power of women’s imaginations over their pregnant bodies, …
Jewish People And Relationships With Christians In The Antebellum Us, Elizabeth Klein
Jewish People And Relationships With Christians In The Antebellum Us, Elizabeth Klein
Undergraduate Research Awards
In surveys of American history, the presence of Jewish people is usually not mentioned more than twice. The first time is with the late 19th-century’s major wave of Jewish immigration, and the second is with the onset of the Second World War and the Holocaust. Although discussing the history of Jewish immigration and anti-semitism in the United States is important, these stories are not the only ones that comprise Jewish American history. Little attention is paid to the Jewish population in America during the antebellum era, yet it is clear that Jewish people were here, and their presence was only …
Wearing Your Heart On Your Sleeve: Expressing Hecuba’S Emotions In Artistic Retellings, Marie Gruver
Wearing Your Heart On Your Sleeve: Expressing Hecuba’S Emotions In Artistic Retellings, Marie Gruver
Undergraduate Research Awards
Hecuba has famously been regarded as the secondary character of the Fall of Troy and not as the maternal symbol of the city’s downfall itself as she deserves. Forever the overlooked heroine, I argue that it is not Euripides’ Hecuba per se, but readings of her story by empathetic artists, creators, and scholars of different time periods are who create new interpretations of Hecuba’s role within her own myth. As artistic renditions have progressed through time, Hecuba’s grief itself has become the central focus of the illustrated retellings of her story.
The Worth Of The Black Disabled Body: An Excavation Of Black Disabled Legal History, Alyssa Mcleod
The Worth Of The Black Disabled Body: An Excavation Of Black Disabled Legal History, Alyssa Mcleod
Undergraduate Research Awards
Slave law was overwhelmingly concerned with the state of individual bodies, from the earliest colonial iterations of race-based statutes through to the end of the antebellum era, becoming a key index in shaping the concept of race from that point forward. In this time, white legislators were trying to answer several burgeoning questions including: Are enslaved bodies inherently damaged, broken, criminal, or worthy of manumission? The answer, it seems, is that every enslaved person’s value was determined almost strictly on the value of their labor, and therefore, their ability to work (and thus, by implication, their value as salable property). …
Don’T Die A Woman If You Want Your Own Way: Idealization Of Florentine Noblewomen Through Posthumous Renaissance Portraiture, Asha Fletcher-Irwin
Don’T Die A Woman If You Want Your Own Way: Idealization Of Florentine Noblewomen Through Posthumous Renaissance Portraiture, Asha Fletcher-Irwin
Art History Senior Papers
Renaissance women’s portraiture served a narrative purpose for the patron, always informed by whether the painting’s subject was alive at the time of painting. My own interest in posthumous portraiture came from a single sentence in renowned Renaissance scholar Patricia Simons’ article on the identification of Tornabuoni women in the Santa Maria Novella. She wrote of Ghirlandaio’s fresco of Giovanna Tornabouni, painted after her death, in which he copied a profile portrait done during her lifetime but decided to further idealize it.[1] Renaissance portraiture was never accidental, and female Florentine portraiture of the era was particularly riddled with symbolism. …
Diane Arbus: Documenting The Abnormal, Lyla Cornman
Diane Arbus: Documenting The Abnormal, Lyla Cornman
Art History Senior Papers
The late Diane Arbus once said, “Everybody has that thing where they need to look one way but they come out looking another way and that’s what people observe. You see someone on the street and essentially what you notice about them is the flaw…there’s a point between what you want people to know about you and what you can’t help people knowing about you.”[1] Arbus was aware that no one is exempt from others’ gaze, including herself, a theme repeated throughout her work. In this essay, I will be examining the work of Diane Arbus that showed intimate …
‘The House Which Samuel Built’: Negotiating Jewish Identity In The Mudéjar Synagogues Of Medieval Toledo, Shelby Barbee
‘The House Which Samuel Built’: Negotiating Jewish Identity In The Mudéjar Synagogues Of Medieval Toledo, Shelby Barbee
Art History Senior Papers
The Jewish presence in Spain in the Middle Ages has long been a subject of considerable interest and study in a variety of fields.[1] Remarkably, a handful of synagogues from this period survive to the present. Toledo, in particular, is home to two such structures: The El Transito synagogue of the 14th century and the Synagogue of Santa Maria La Blanca from the early 13th century.[2] Both were built under Christian kingship and are stylistically Mudéjar, meaning that while they were built after Toledo was reconquered and did not have Muslim patrons, the structures contain …
Interpretresses: Native American Women Translators In Colonial America, Faith Clarkson
Interpretresses: Native American Women Translators In Colonial America, Faith Clarkson
Undergraduate Research Awards
Underlying all the disputes and treaties between native Americans and Europeans was the need for an understanding of what the groups were saying to each other. Translation was the common denominator throughout the numerous interactions between native tribes in America and colonists coming over from Europe. In colonial America, translators were crucial to establishing relationships between native Americans and the Europeans that came to North America to create colonies. These interpreters operated in the in-between of two different cultures and they needed to be knowledgeable enough about both of them to correctly convey meaning to either side. It was also …
John Andrew Jackson: Enslaved Resistance, Uncle Tom’S Cabin, And The Downfall Of American Chattel Slavery, Alexander Ernst
John Andrew Jackson: Enslaved Resistance, Uncle Tom’S Cabin, And The Downfall Of American Chattel Slavery, Alexander Ernst
Undergraduate Research Awards
John Andrew Jackson was a former slave who lived in the early-to-middle nineteenth century. After escaping slavery in South Carolina and making his way north to Massachusetts, Jackson was forced to head to Canada after the passing of the Fugitive Slave Act. Jackson lectured about his experiences as a slave after he travelled to England and he eventually returned to South Carolina after the Civil War, to the place where he was enslaved, where he worked to improve the lives of other former slaves. During his journey to Canada Jackson met Harriet Beecher Stowe, who housed Jackson and helped him …
The Creature In The Looking Glass: Miltonic Marriage And The Female Self In Breaking Dawn, Jay Wright
The Creature In The Looking Glass: Miltonic Marriage And The Female Self In Breaking Dawn, Jay Wright
Undergraduate Research Awards
Near the close of Breaking Dawn, the final installment of Stephenie Meyer's Twilight saga, Edward asks his new wife Bella a question. “When will you ever see yourself clearly?” (Dawn 744). Bella has no answer for him. Edward's question and, more importantly, Bella's apparent inability to answer is symptomatic of a broader issue throughout Breaking Dawn, in which, even as Bella obtains all that she has desired, her sense of self begins to fracture. Breaking Dawn formalizes Bella’s union with Edward through a series of increasingly binding steps: first through legal marriage, then sexual intimacy and pregnancy, then through vampiric …
The Impact Of Patriarchy On Stud Lesbians, Meilin Miller
The Impact Of Patriarchy On Stud Lesbians, Meilin Miller
Undergraduate Research Awards
Intersectional feminism informed how literary scholar bell hooks understands and interacts with the world. As a result, feminism is deeply intertwined in all of her commentaries and sociocultural analyses. In her 2003 book We Real Cool: Black Men and Masculinity, hooks writes about how male masculinity and blackness interact with each other in this society. Her proclivity towards feminism isn’t restrained. A majority of the book is dedicated to understanding how toxic patriarchy has victimized and empowered black men, specifically seeking to examine their relationship with black women. However, black masculinity in women is an area that hooks does …
Ati, The Indigenous People Of Panay: Their Journey, Ancestral Birthright And Loss, Annielille Gavino
Ati, The Indigenous People Of Panay: Their Journey, Ancestral Birthright And Loss, Annielille Gavino
Dance MFA Student Scholarship
This research investigates the Ati people, the indigenous people of Panay Island, Philippines— their origins, current economic status, ancestral rights, development issues, and challenges. This particular inquiry draws attention to the history of the Ati people ( also known as Aetas, Aytas, Agtas, Batak, Mamanwa ) as the first settlers of the islands. In contrast to this, a festive reenactment portraying Ati people dancing in the tourism sponsored Dinagyang and Ati-Atihan festival will be explored. This paper aims to compare the displacement of the Ati as marginalized minorities in contrast to how they are celebrated and portrayed in the dance …
The Practice Of Clitoridectomies: Its Influence On The Gikuyu Tribe, Kenyan National Identity, Cultural Nationalism, And British Powers, Savannah Scott
The Practice Of Clitoridectomies: Its Influence On The Gikuyu Tribe, Kenyan National Identity, Cultural Nationalism, And British Powers, Savannah Scott
Undergraduate Research Awards
Within the Western world, the practice of clitoridectomies is infamous for its associations with infertility, hemorrhaging, and irreversible complications that affect the fertility and life of mothers and young women. In contrast, select tribes in the Eastern hemisphere uphold the practice with historical and cultural significance promoting its continuation in modern day; amongst these select tribes is the Gikuyu tribe in Kenya, Africa. The Gikuyu tribe, commonly known as the Kikuyu, has a long cultural history with clitoridectomies as the practice originated in ancestral tribal groups and is performed annually in a rite of passage ceremony called irua. Jomo Kenyatta, …
Rejecting Bolivarianism: Political Power In South America, Jaiya Mcmillan
Rejecting Bolivarianism: Political Power In South America, Jaiya Mcmillan
Undergraduate Research Awards
By the time he was 36, Simon Bolivar had freed six countries from Spanish rule, often fighting armies of thousands with a couple hundred militia rebels. Bolivar was an incredible military strategist with a liberal approach, and went on to govern both Peru, and then-Gran Colombia, which was made up of modern-day Colombia and Venezuela. After his death in 1830, each of the countries he liberated mourned his loss, and in the almost two centuries since then, leaders have constantly used his name in order to revive his spirit and bolster their own political agendas. One such example is the …
Radical Feminist Nuns: Spiritual Activism, Catholicism, And The Power Of (Sister)Hood, Emily Lauletta
Radical Feminist Nuns: Spiritual Activism, Catholicism, And The Power Of (Sister)Hood, Emily Lauletta
Gender & Women’s Studies Student Scholarship
Based on the readings of authors such as Gloria Anzaldúa, AnaLouise Keating, Leela Fernandes, and others, throughout the course of this semester, I have been able to develop my own definition of spiritual activism that I believe integrates the theories and concepts that these scholars have written about with my own experiences. Having done both intensive self-study and academic research, I have come to understand that spiritual activism is the act of transforming one’s self through personal and communal reflection in order to work towards transforming the world and set it on a pathway towards equity and social justice. Based …
Sustainability Literacy In French Literature And Film: From Solitary Reveries To Treks Across Deserts, Annette Sampon-Nicolas
Sustainability Literacy In French Literature And Film: From Solitary Reveries To Treks Across Deserts, Annette Sampon-Nicolas
French Faculty Scholarship
This essay explores the imperative to embrace a new model of education that will engage students in learning about the interconnectedness of our multi species world, sustainability, and global solidarity -- the belief "that unity of humankind can be established on the basis of some basic or core human values" (Korab-Karpowicz 305). Foreign language courses -- in particular advanced-level offerings that address literacy, critical thinking, and cultural comparisons -- are ideal settings for educating for sustainability literacy. Such literacy is essential to our collective twenty-first-century global identity, but it requires transformative educational practices. As we design foreign language courses, we …
Dandelion Wishes: Short Stories, Lucy E. Marcus
Dandelion Wishes: Short Stories, Lucy E. Marcus
English & Creative Writing Students Scholarship and Creative Work
Lucy Marcus was Roanoke's Writer by Bus in 2019. This is a collection of short stories inspired by her bus rides.