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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Insider Research Into 'Experiment With Light': Uncomfortable Reflexivity In A Different Field, Helen Meads
Insider Research Into 'Experiment With Light': Uncomfortable Reflexivity In A Different Field, Helen Meads
Quaker Studies
In this article based on ongoing research, I discuss the difficulty of separating my personal experience from my research into 'Experiment with Light'. I argue by reference to the work of Labaree, Pillow and Boff that the inherent complexities of researching a process which itself seeks 'Truth' requires the researcher to be reflexive to the point of discomfort. I show how the dilemmas Labaree identifies in insider research signal Pillow's uncomfortable reflexivity and move her analysis beyond the context of race and gender to the religious context, where it serves a different purpose. I conclude by reference to Boff's theory …
Quaker Events For Young People: Informal Education And Faith Transmission, Simon Best
Quaker Events For Young People: Informal Education And Faith Transmission, Simon Best
Quaker Studies
This article examines Quaker events for young people and explores the nature of these events through examination of official policies, questionnaires and observation at events. It examines the purposes of Quaker events for young people as described by official policies and by youth work practitioners and examines the significance of these events in the lives of adolescent Quakers. Quaker events for young people are analysed in comparison with the values and principles of 'informal education'. Contrasts are drawn between Quaker events for young people and Christian youth work. This article also explores the nature of faith transmission at Quaker events …
The Magic Lantern And The Cinema: Adult Schools, Educational Settlements And Secularisation In Britain, C. 1900-1950, Mark Freeman
The Magic Lantern And The Cinema: Adult Schools, Educational Settlements And Secularisation In Britain, C. 1900-1950, Mark Freeman
Quaker Studies
This article examines the impact of an increasingly secularised demand for adult education in the first half of the twentieth century on two movements with which Quakers were closely associated: the adult schools and the educational settlements. It argues that the educational settlements, originally established to extend and enhance the work of the adult schools, were better able to accommodate to a secularised climate, and this ensured their survival. Neither movement flourished in the same way as the secular Workers' Educational Association and adult education provided by local education authorities, and this reflected the weakness of religious adult education in …
'A Civil And Useful Life': Quaker Women, Education And The Development Of Professional Identities 1800-1835, Camilla Leach
'A Civil And Useful Life': Quaker Women, Education And The Development Of Professional Identities 1800-1835, Camilla Leach
Quaker Studies
Exhorted by George Fox to live a 'Civil and useful life', educated middle-class Quaker women who did not feel called to undertake a recognised ministerial role within the Religious Society of Friends still used their education and skills to the benefit of the wider community. This article examines the engagement of Quaker women with education by focussing on the work of Mariabella and Rachel Howard (mother and daughter), who were involved in several educational charities between 1800 and 1835. The article seeks to address the irony of two educational campaigners who as non-professional women sought to professionalise the work of …
Mary Birkett Card (1774-1817): Struggling To Become The Ideal Quaker Woman, Josephine Teakle
Mary Birkett Card (1774-1817): Struggling To Become The Ideal Quaker Woman, Josephine Teakle
Quaker Studies
This paper is based on The Works of Mary Birkett Card 1774 -1817, an edition of the manuscript collection made by her son Nathaniel Card in 1834. The collection contains different genres and spans Card's life from childhood to near her death, forming a unique record of one woman's experience at the tum of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Themes of self and identity, women's participation in public and private spheres, and ideological differences are apparent in Mary Birkett Card's struggle, in life and text, to become 'the ideal Quaker woman'. One particular focus is on her negotiation of …
New Perspectives On Eighteenth-Century British Quaker Women, Edwina Newman, Judith Jennings
New Perspectives On Eighteenth-Century British Quaker Women, Edwina Newman, Judith Jennings
Quaker Studies
In the last three decades, research on eighteenth-century British Quaker women reflects a range of different methodological perspectives. Recent studies focus on female spiritual development and sense of identity in the formative seventeenth century. New influences and changing contexts in the eighteenth century, especially Quietism, engendered new themes: a continuing concern with self and collective identity; theology and practices; and participation in the public and private spheres. The experiences and perceptions ofBritish Quaker women in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries reflect the influence of Deism and Evangelicalism. Despite these valuable studies, further research and systematic analysis is needed, …
Comparing Two Surveys Of Britain Yearly Meeting: 1990 And 2003, Mark S. Cary, Pink Dandelion, Rosie Rutherford
Comparing Two Surveys Of Britain Yearly Meeting: 1990 And 2003, Mark S. Cary, Pink Dandelion, Rosie Rutherford
Quaker Studies
Comparison of postal surveys of Friends in Britain Yearly Meeting in 1990 and 2003 showed modest differences for reported self-descriptions and beliefs. Quakers in 2003 appear to be less pacifist, somewhat less likely to describe God as 'Spirit', 'Inward Light', or 'Love' in absolute percentages, and less likely to describe Jesus as 'containing that of God within as we all do'. Meeting for Worship was described less as 'Seeking God's will', and more as 'Listening'. The largest changes were an increase in reported levels of education and a 13-year increase in median age across the 13-year period. The change in …
Fellowship, Service, And The 'Spirit Of Adventure': The Religious Society Of Friends And The Outdoors Movement In Britain, C. 1900-1950, Mark Freeman
Quaker Studies
This article considers the involvement of members of the Religious Society of Friends in various manifestations of the outdoors movement in early twentieth-century Britain. It examines the Edwardian 'Quaker tramps' and their role in the 'Quaker renaissance', and goes on to consider the influence of Friends in organisations such as the Holiday Fellowship and the Youth Hostels Association, as well as interwar Quaker mountaineers. It argues that, while the outdoor activities of the Quaker renaissance were essentially internal to the Religious Society of Friends, a wider conception of social service took Quakers beyond the boundaries of the Society in the …
Universalising And Spiritualising Christ's Gospel: How Early Quakers Interpreted The Epistle To The Colossians, Stephen W. Angell
Universalising And Spiritualising Christ's Gospel: How Early Quakers Interpreted The Epistle To The Colossians, Stephen W. Angell
Quaker Studies
This article examines seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Quaker methods of biblical interpretation, comparing them to Puritan and Spiritualist methods. The focus is on verses from the Pauline epistle to the Colossians frequently cited by early Quakers. In contrast to John Calvin and four seventeenth-century Puritan Biblical commentators, but similar to seventeenth-century Spiritualists such as William Erbery, Quakers argued strongly for a form of mystical universalism closely akin to Arminianism in their interpretation of this epistle. Quakers (especially John Woolman) resembled medieval Catholics in their willingness to interpret Col. 1.24 to assert that Christ's 'mystical' body, which could include contempora1y Christians, was …
Slavery, The Slave Trade And The Churches, James Walvin
Slavery, The Slave Trade And The Churches, James Walvin
Quaker Studies
The British did not initiate, but they came to dominate the Atlantic slave trade. Few expressed moral or ethical doubts about slavery. The Anglican church, was directly involved in slavery. When a Christian voice was raised against the slave trade, it was led by Quakers who also played a critical role in the campaign to end the slave trade.
Three Kinds Of British Friends: A Latent Class Analysis, Mark S. Cary, Pink 'Ben' Dandelion
Three Kinds Of British Friends: A Latent Class Analysis, Mark S. Cary, Pink 'Ben' Dandelion
Quaker Studies
A latent class analysis was applied to the religious beliefs of 485 respondents in Rosie Rutherford's authoritative 2003 survey of British Friends. The analysis produced three groups: (1) Christian Quakers (27%), who hold a traditional Christian theology; (2) secularized Quakers (37%), who do not consider themselves atheists, but whose conception of God is not personal; and (3) Inner Light Quakers (36%), who emphasize the inner light and 'that of God in everyone' .
Two Kinds Of Quakers: A Latent Class Analysis, Mark S. Cary, Anita L. Weber
Two Kinds Of Quakers: A Latent Class Analysis, Mark S. Cary, Anita L. Weber
Quaker Studies
A latent class analysis was applied to 531 respondents to the Making New Friends survey of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). We found two distinct patterns of religious beliefs-those in Group G want a deeper and personal relationship with God, while those in Group S are more interested in social testimonies and generally do not believe in a personal God.
'Children Of Light And Sons Of Darkness': Quakers, Oaths And The Old Bailey Proceedings In The Eighteenth Century, Edwina Newman
'Children Of Light And Sons Of Darkness': Quakers, Oaths And The Old Bailey Proceedings In The Eighteenth Century, Edwina Newman
Quaker Studies
This paper makes use of the technology that allows for the searching of the online edition of the Old Bailey Proceedings. Although Quakers were once very familiar with courts of justice, by the eighteenth century they had become considerably less persecuted than formerly. Their way oflife meant that they did not figure highly among defendants in criminal courts. Their testimony against oaths excluded them too from the ranks of prosecutors and witnesses, the newly won right to affirm not extending to criminal trials. Quakers figure in fewer than 100 of the 45,000 Old Bailey trials in this period. Nevertheless, what …