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Articles 1 - 30 of 69
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Securing Authentication And Communications Amidst Humans-In-The-Loop, Maliheh Shirvanian
Securing Authentication And Communications Amidst Humans-In-The-Loop, Maliheh Shirvanian
All ETDs from UAB
Authentication is one of the most crucial security aspects of almost any system that demands interaction between humans and machines, often serving as the pre-requisite for secure communications. Besides, authentication usually involves a human user in the loop (i.e., as a verifier, a verifiee, or a facilitator), which implies the significance of the usability of any authentication scheme. Numerous authentication schemes exist today, namely, “something you know” (e.g., passwords), “something you are” (e.g., voices), “something you have” (e.g., mobile phones), and combinations thereof. However, most of them suffer from various well-documented security and usability issues. In this dissertation work, we …
The Habitual Offenders, Beth Storr
The Habitual Offenders, Beth Storr
All ETDs from UAB
The Habitual Offenders is a work of literary journalism, written as a piece of first-person creative nonfiction. The collection of chapters explores a specific class of prison inmates in Alabama, sentenced to life without parole under a three strikes law. Major themes include fairness and disparity in the criminal justice system, politics, race and the community fallout from mass incarceration. This work reflects writing traditions from both investigative/narrative journalism and personal memoir.
The Influence Of Child, Parent, And Context Factors On Children’S Traffic Injury Risk, Emma Sartin Goodman
The Influence Of Child, Parent, And Context Factors On Children’S Traffic Injury Risk, Emma Sartin Goodman
All ETDs from UAB
Child restraint systems, like car seats and booster seats, are effective at preventing serious injury and death for children involved in motor vehicle collisions. Despite this, the majority of families in the United States either do not use, or incorrectly use, child restraint systems. Further, racial minorities are consistently reported to have higher rates of child restraint system non- and misuse than their White peers; research has yet to explain this relationship with previously hypothesized factors (e.g., caregiver education, sources of information). The overall objective of this project was to explain how child, caregiver, and context factors interacted to influence …
Neighborhood Disorder And Risky Sexual Behaviors In Adolescents, Catheryn Orihuela
Neighborhood Disorder And Risky Sexual Behaviors In Adolescents, Catheryn Orihuela
All ETDs from UAB
This present study addresses the effect of neighborhood decay and a need for security on early sexual initiation, use of contraception, number of sexual partners, teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI). As part of a larger investigation of adolescent health (Healthy Passages) the sample included 1,253 youth who were recruited from 5th grade classrooms in public schools in Birmingham, Alabama and followed throughout adolescence [1]. At baseline (Mage=11 years), trained observers completed assessments of neighborhood decay and security; geocoded census tract data yielded a composite measure of concentrated poverty; and youth and parents reported on their demographics and family …
Effects Of Proanthocyanidins In Combination With Resveratrol And Sulforaphane Respectively On Human Breast Cancer Cells, Yifeng Gao
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer and the second leading cause of death from cancer among women in the United States. Cancer prevention and therapy through use of phytochemicals that have epigenetic properties has gained considerable popularity during the past few decades. Such dietary components include but are not limited to grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs), resveratrol (Res) and sulforaphane (SFN). Here we report for the first time that GSPs and Res in combination dose- and time-dependently inhibited cell viability and posttreatment colony forming ability synergistically in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, while GSPs and SFN in …
Growth And Analysis Of Transition-Metal-Doped Znse-Based Materials And Thin Film Structures For Mid-Infrared Optoelectronic Applications, Zachary R. Lindsey
Growth And Analysis Of Transition-Metal-Doped Znse-Based Materials And Thin Film Structures For Mid-Infrared Optoelectronic Applications, Zachary R. Lindsey
All ETDs from UAB
Transition metal (TM)-doped II-VI semiconductor thin films have been shown to be attractive materials for mid-infrared (mid-IR) laser sources due to broad applicability in the sensing and detection of a wide range of organic molecules. Specifically, when ZnSe is doped with Cr2+ ions, the resulting broadband emission characteristics in the 2-3 µm spectral range create the potential for tunable lasing in the mid-IR. This dissertation research is motivated by the need for low cost, efficient, portable materials to be incorporated into multilayered mid-IR optoelectronic devices providing appropriate optical confinement, efficient quantum confinement of carriers, and optical emission in the mid-IR …
Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson
Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson
All ETDs from UAB
Knee OA is an active disease process involving cartilage destruction, subchondral bone thickening, and new bone formation affecting 22% of American adults (46.4 million) over age 18 years. Past literature suggests, a disproportionate number of racial/ethnic minorities, particularly non-Hispanic Blacks, are affected by knee OA. Furthermore, over one in four (28%) Blacks have an income below the national poverty level compared with 11% of Whites. Therefore, the overall aim of this study is to examine racial and SES differences in the experience of pain and physical functioning in adults with knee OA. 191 participants (62% female, 52% Black) were recruited …
Immune Modulation Of Pain And Recovery Via Diet, Stacie Totsch
Immune Modulation Of Pain And Recovery Via Diet, Stacie Totsch
All ETDs from UAB
Chronic pain is the most common disability in the United States. Additionally, one out of three adults in America are obese and obesity and pain are often comorbid. Obesity is an inflammatory state due to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators from adipose tissue. Generally, obesity is a result of a poor-quality diet. Specific dietary components and patterns are independent activators of the immune system and can exacerbate the obesity-induced inflammatory state. It is known that immune system activation is a critical aspect in the development and progression of many chronic pain conditions. To address a general lack of preclinical investigations …
Stellar Mass Density Dependence Of Hot Gas Retention In Local (Z < 0.03) Early-Type Galaxies, Chris Spradlin
Stellar Mass Density Dependence Of Hot Gas Retention In Local (Z < 0.03) Early-Type Galaxies, Chris Spradlin
All ETDs from UAB
Hot gas characteristic to early-type galaxies (ETG) has been well-studied; this hot gas is the result of high velocity dispersions intrinsic to galaxies with low net angular momentum, in conjunction with stellar mass loss of highly-evolved red giant stars. Accordingly, one would expect the extent of these hot gas halos to trace very well with stellar mass, which is typically calculated with tightly-constrained mass-to-light ratios in the infrared K-band. However, ETGs exhibit a large dispersion between their X-ray hot gas luminosities and their K-band luminosities, indicating that the presence of ETG hot gas halos is only loosely related to their …
Tutoring Video Compositions: A Model Of Adaptation, Teresa Mckinney Davis
Tutoring Video Compositions: A Model Of Adaptation, Teresa Mckinney Davis
All ETDs from UAB
With the availability and ease-of-use of recording software on mobile phones, video essays are more accessible for composition classrooms. As these assignments are increasingly used, writ-ing centers are addressing the need for the ability to tutor video compositions. This article and conference presentation explore the foundational practices of directive and non-directive tutor-ing, examining how they can be adapted to working with video. More specifically, I argue that tutors can adapt existing theory and training to maintain a collaborative method when working with digital writing, without the need for specialized technology or technical training.
Photographs Of The Children’S March And Their Afterlives, Carmen Gonzalez Fraile
Photographs Of The Children’S March And Their Afterlives, Carmen Gonzalez Fraile
All ETDs from UAB
ABSTRACT This thesis examines the photographs taken during “The Children´s March” on May 3, 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama. These images of dog attacks and people being sprayed down by water hoses are considered some of the most representative images of the Civil Rights struggle. They were published in national newspapers and magazines and made visible the social injustice suffered by African Americans in Birmingham. Civil Rights photographs have engendered different readings and interpretations over time, and their presence in American history has been a constant from the 1960s up to the present. This thesis analyzes the roles Civil Rights photographs …
Not By That Of Heaven: The Influence Of Theatre Lighting On The Early Works Of Charles Dickens, Grant Martin
Not By That Of Heaven: The Influence Of Theatre Lighting On The Early Works Of Charles Dickens, Grant Martin
All ETDs from UAB
Changes in technology in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries had a profound impact on the way lighting was manipulated in theatres. No longer a simple question of illuminating action, lighting became a dynamic and essential element of drama. As an enthusiast of theatre during this transition, a young Charles Dickens was influenced by the visual spectacle he saw in theatres, and that influence is evident in his early novels. Those narratives frequently employ specific descriptions of light and perspective, which are key components of Dickens’ unique and widely celebrated visual style. In the early novels explored here, we see how …
Female Somatic Spirituality In Post-Tridentine Art: Rutilio Manetti's St. Catherine Of Siena Drinking From The Side Wound Of Christ, Kristen Jeannine Mcarthur
Female Somatic Spirituality In Post-Tridentine Art: Rutilio Manetti's St. Catherine Of Siena Drinking From The Side Wound Of Christ, Kristen Jeannine Mcarthur
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis presents a study of a newly discovered and previously unstudied painting of St. Catherine of Siena by Rutilio Manetti (1620s-1630s), which features a seemingly unique iconography. Based on the fifteenth-century hagiographic accounts, it identifies the subject matter and properly retitles the work, St. Catherine of Siena Drinking from the Side Wound of Christ. Contextualizing the work within its historical moment, this thesis shows that the artist navigates post-Tridentine rules of decorum in creating an image which celebrates women’s religious tradition and reasserts their spiritual authority during a time in which such traditions and authority were discouraged by the …
Effect Of Occupational Demands On Driving Safety In Surgical Residents, Benjamin Mcmanus
Effect Of Occupational Demands On Driving Safety In Surgical Residents, Benjamin Mcmanus
All ETDs from UAB
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Examination recently revised and implemented duty hour standards that increased maximum duty hours for first year medical residents and reduced the minimal amount of time off between duty periods for all medical residents. The new standards were introduced largely without consideration of empirical research on objectively measured occupational health and safety factors for medical residents, particularly in contexts where their safety may be at-risk such as driving. Little work has examined driving performance in medical residents at multiple periods surrounding duty, including in reference to off-duty driving performance as a baseline. Certain work-related factors …
Religion/Spirituality And Mental Health/ Well-Being Among Women Living With Hiv, Haley Medved Kendrick
Religion/Spirituality And Mental Health/ Well-Being Among Women Living With Hiv, Haley Medved Kendrick
All ETDs from UAB
Depression among people living with HIV (PLWH) is associated with social factors such as employment, poor adherence to HIV medication and treatment, and HIV disease progression. However, estimates of prevalence rates of depression among PLWH vary widely, from 1% to 48%. Women living with HIV (WLWH) often report spirituality as an important factor in coping with stressors associated with HIV infection. Spirituality has been found to be associated with social involvement, effective coping, decreased stress, psychological adjustment, and positive mental health outcomes among PLWH. The current study aims to longitudinally examine trends of spirituality and mental health/well-being in the lives …
Lick My Battery, Sasha Mitchell
Lick My Battery, Sasha Mitchell
All ETDs from UAB
An insecure cyborg named Grit defects to a tech-atheist society. Her neuro-disorder-addicted sister, Siri, follows her with a licentious government drone, one officer Rah Tetra of the Austere Sapien Services (A.S.S. for short). Sex, anthropology, family dysfunction, and social rigidity are tackled beneath the influences of Radiohead, Billy Wilder, and Jonathan Swift.
Racial Disparities In Oncology Clinical Trial Participation: A Qualitative Exploration, Soumya J. Niranjan
Racial Disparities In Oncology Clinical Trial Participation: A Qualitative Exploration, Soumya J. Niranjan
All ETDs from UAB
Introduction: Current rates of participation for racial and ethnic minorities in cancer clinical trials are significantly lower when compared to non-Hispanic whites. The patients’ perspective on reasons for low participation is abundant. Yet, very little is known from the perspective of clinical and research professionals who are actively involved in patient recruitment. This study seeks to understand their perspective on how the external environment associated with the health care system contributes to limited participation of racial and ethnic minority groups in cancer clinical trials. To that effect, the health services utilization framework was utilized. Data/Methods: EMPaCT data with 91 qualitative …
Hands Like Chains, Garrett Lee Odom
Hands Like Chains, Garrett Lee Odom
All ETDs from UAB
The poems in this thesis attempt to reach the universal in the specific, to find the common in the uncommon, the ubiquitous in idiosyncrasies. These poems often confront the spiritual within the physical, hopefully revealing a mysticism specific to each subject. These poems, though not entirely evident in their subject matter, are influenced by Southern culture and life. Here, the Southern background of the writer becomes an undertone to the poems themselves, and whether the poem is set in the imagination of a painting or a back yard in Alabama, the language that brings these poems to life spawns from …
Neuropsychological Functioning And Return-To-Learn Among Adolescents With Concussion, Jilian Alyse O'Neill
Neuropsychological Functioning And Return-To-Learn Among Adolescents With Concussion, Jilian Alyse O'Neill
All ETDs from UAB
Many children who experience concussions are faced with injury-related neurocognitive deficits. The reintegration of these children back into sports is controversial, yet little is known empirically about the effects concussions have on school re-entry and subsequent academic performance. Concussion symptom assessment instruments such as the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool – 3rd Edition (SCAT-3) are often used to guide decisions regarding the return to sports and re-integration to school; however, knowledge regarding the relationship between this tool and aspects of cognitive functioning is limited. Return to school, often termed “return to learn” in the literature, is a relatively new phenomenon that …
The Relationship Of Cognitive Decline And Impairment To The Ad8 And Activities Of Living In The Regards Sample, Jesse S. Passler
The Relationship Of Cognitive Decline And Impairment To The Ad8 And Activities Of Living In The Regards Sample, Jesse S. Passler
All ETDs from UAB
The AD8 is a sensitive and specific screening measure of mild dementia, although less research exists pertaining to its use as a self-report measure and in non-clinical samples. This study examined the relationship of incident cognitive impairment and cognitive decline over a 10-year span to self-reported dementia symptoms and functional impairment in the national, population-based, longitudinal, and prospective REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) sample (N = 14,453). A validated cutoff of ≥ 2 symptoms endorsed on the AD8 was used for dementia status. Functional status was determined by 5 activities of daily living (ADL) and 7 …
Effect Of Dietary Compounds In Epigenetic Modulation And Microbial Alteration And Their Roles In Breast Tumor Inhibition, Bidisha Paul
Effect Of Dietary Compounds In Epigenetic Modulation And Microbial Alteration And Their Roles In Breast Tumor Inhibition, Bidisha Paul
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Current methods of chemoprevention and therapy have cytotoxic effects and have several short-term and long-term side effects. Therefore, the use of natural dietary bioactive compounds has gained prominence as safe and effective agents of chemoprevention and therapy. Genistein (GE), an isoflavone found in soy products, has been shown to exhibit several anticancer properties, particularly as an epigenetic modifier. We have observed that GE has the ability to alter the gut microbiome of germ-free mice humanized with fecal transplants from breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We …
Examining The Role Of Injustice Perception In A Multiethnic Sample Of Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Terence Matthew Penn
Examining The Role Of Injustice Perception In A Multiethnic Sample Of Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Terence Matthew Penn
All ETDs from UAB
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is among the most disabling, costly, and painful conditions worldwide. In the United States, there is consistent evidence that the burden of chronic pain and associated disability disproportionately affect non-Hispanic Blacks (“Blacks”) compared to non-Hispanic Whites (“Whites”), with Blacks reporting greater pain frequency, severity, and disability. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that perceptions of injustice related to personal pain or injury is a crucial risk factor for poor outcomes in chronic pain, including persistent musculoskeletal pain disorders. Although racial differences have been reported for multiple chronic pain conditions, relatively minimal attention has been given to potential …
The Effects Of Need-Based Aid On College Enrollment: An Analysis Of Institutions That Award College Promise Scholarships, Undre Phillips
The Effects Of Need-Based Aid On College Enrollment: An Analysis Of Institutions That Award College Promise Scholarships, Undre Phillips
All ETDs from UAB
People that obtain a college degree or certification are more likely to have an enhanced quality of life in areas of physical, mental, and financial well-being. The College Promise program promotes college enrollment by offering need-based scholarships with hopes that all students can obtain at least a two-year degree. Several scholars have examined the pre- and post-enrollment effects of College Promise programs on a per program basis, but no nationwide study exists that examines pre- and post-enrollment of institutions that award the scholarship. To determine the enrollment effect of College Promise programs, I examine the post-effect of enrollment among the …
Evaluating The Biology And Ecology Of Sea Turtles In The Context Of Anthropogenic Climate Change, Elizabeth Michelle Bevan
Evaluating The Biology And Ecology Of Sea Turtles In The Context Of Anthropogenic Climate Change, Elizabeth Michelle Bevan
All ETDs from UAB
This dissertation addresses several key gaps in our knowledge of how long-term threats, like climate change, impact the survival and reproduction of thermally-sensitive endangered sea turtles. Many aspects of the sea turtle life history, such as sex determination in hatchlings, are directly affected by environmental temperatures, making sea turtles crucial sentinels for monitoring the impacts of ecosystem variability. Chapter 1 re-evaluates the historic size of the Kemp’s ridley sea turtle population in the context of current nesting trends at its primary nesting habitat in the western Gulf of Mexico to address recovery targets and the conservation status for this species. …
The Effects Of Growth Hormone In Human Melanoma Cell Lines, Ashiya Buckels
The Effects Of Growth Hormone In Human Melanoma Cell Lines, Ashiya Buckels
All ETDs from UAB
Melanoma is less common than basal and squamous cell skin cancers, but is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. ~90% of melanomas carry a mutation in the RAS-RAF pathway, which promotes progression by constitutive activation of the extracellular sig-nal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade. BRAF inhibition is an effective line of therapy for advance melanoma, but patients often progress due to the development of several forms of treatment resistance. Therapeutic resistance often results in increased invasion and migration of the cancer into proximal and distant tissues leading to the formation of metastasis. Examination of various cancer genomics data sets using …
Investigating Driving Performance In Older Adults: A Continuum Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler Preston Bull
Investigating Driving Performance In Older Adults: A Continuum Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler Preston Bull
All ETDs from UAB
Driving is an important instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) that is crucial for mobility and independence of adults in the United States. Dementia and cognitive impairment are indicated as increasing risk for driving impairment and cessation, prompting the necessity for screeners in predicting impaired driving performance. The Trails Making Test (TMT) A and B, and the Useful Field of View (UFOV) are common measures used to predict driving performance across populations of older adults. Prior research has shown that Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), which is theorized as an intermediary between normal aging and dementia, is associated with subtle declines …
Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess
Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess
All ETDs from UAB
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a degenerative chronic illness that results in pulmonary and gastrointestinal impairment. Because health-related behaviors, such as substance use, impact health outcomes in this population, it is important to understand factors that predict substance use in patients with CF. Thus, this study aimed to examine the unique roles of spirituality and religiosity in alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. Higher religiosity was expected to predict lower substance use directly, reflecting a direct regulation of health behavior. Higher spirituality was expected to predict less substance use through lower depression, reflecting an indirect regulation of health behavior through emotion regulation. …
How School District Secession Impacts The District Left Behind, Christopher Tyler Burks
How School District Secession Impacts The District Left Behind, Christopher Tyler Burks
All ETDs from UAB
This is the first national analysis of school district secessions that predicts which kind of school districts are likely to have a secession attempt and measures the impact of secession on the per-pupil revenue of the district left behind. Data on school district secessions was limited prior to EdBuild’s 2017 report, Fractured. This thesis combines data from the National Center for Education Statistics with EdBuild’s data on secessions. Using a linear probability model, I find that larger districts in urban areas with more disadvantaged students receiving free and reduced-price lunch are more likely to experience a secession attempt. I then …
Examination Of Communication Patterns And Satisfaction Between Systems Of Care Among Parents Of Concussed Youth, Sarah Terry Cable
Examination Of Communication Patterns And Satisfaction Between Systems Of Care Among Parents Of Concussed Youth, Sarah Terry Cable
All ETDs from UAB
When a child or adolescent sustains a concussion, several systems of care become involved (e.g., family, medical, school, sports/recreation). To effectively manage a concussion, all systems of care need to work together to maximize recovery for return-to-play (RTP) and return-to-learn (RTL). Thus, good communication and coordination of care is critical. The objectives of this study were to prospectively examine parent communication patterns (type, frequency, topic, and overall parent satisfaction with communication) with systems of care from the time of their child’s concussion up to 14 weeks past injury. Barriers to communication and parent satisfaction with overall concussion management by each …
Multimodal Imaging (Fmri Bold Task, Functional Connectivity & Spectroscopy) Longitudinal Analysis Of Antipsychotic Treatment Effects In Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia, Elyse Cadena
All ETDs from UAB
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects around 1% of the world’s population. Antipsychotic medication does not effectively treat all symptoms as around 1/3 of those diagnosed will remain unresponsive to treatment. Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) present dysfunction in cognitive control processes compared to healthy controls (HC). Neuroimaging SZ studies report abnormalities in brain function and neurochemistry, although the majority of these studies involve medicated patients. To better determine SZ brain abnormalities, it is vital to characterize brain function without the confounding effect of antipsychotic medication, determine the extent of medication’s effects on brain function, and the relationship with symptom …