Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Women's Perception Of Science: Theory And Practice, Rashida A. Khanum

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Science and Values: Global Perspectives track.

Science is very much recognized as giving new life to mankind and this new life means advancement or progress. Science is utilitarian because its discoveries and inventions satisfy human needs. Feminists perceive these impacts of science and technology though there exists a negative side of science and technology about which feminists are critical. Sal Restivo blames science as responsible for generating new social problems, which Sandra Harding accounted positively. Harding evaluates science and technology as both progressive and regressive.1 I shall analyze Harding’s feminist views of science and …

The Looping Effects Of Objectivity, Jill Fellows

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Objectivity and Impartiality track.

“We Are Not Disposable“: “Psychiatric”/Psycho-Social Disabilities, Survivor Knowledge, And Audre Lorde’S Critique Of Market Fundamentalism, Carol J. Moeller

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Disability and Dependence track.

Audre Lorde: “In a society where the good is defined in terms of profit rather than in terms of human need, there must always be some group of people who, through systematized oppression, can be made to feel surplus, to occupy the position of the dehumanized inferior.”

People with disabilities, including “psychiatric”/psycho-social diversities, may live in ways that reject hegemonic standards of personhood, societal membership, and contribution. Such dominant norms tend to value people for how “productive” they are, framing disabled and other marginalized people as a drain on public …

Knowledge, Value Neutrality And Impartiality, Alessandra Tanesini

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Objectivity and Impartiality track.

Feminist epistemologists have long been concerned with clarifying the legitimate roles that social and ethical values might play in the acceptance or justification of empirical theories and beliefs. Their concern stems, at least in part, from what Louise Antony has defined as the ‘bias paradox’ (1993). Since to be a feminist is, at least, to be committed to a cluster of political and ethical values about the injustice of discrimination against women, feminists cannot claim value neutrality for their inquiries. But, if knowledge requires value-neutrality, then feminist values cannot play …

El Sexismo En La Ética De Emmanuel Levinas. Perpetuación Filosófica De Una Dialéctica Ininterrumpida, Marta Palacio

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Sexism, Eroticism, and Gender Identity in the Continental Tradition track.

Emmanuel Levinas (1906-1995) es considerado uno de los filósofos más importantes de nuestra época. Su «ética de la alteridad» tiene la capacidad de generar diversas búsquedas intelectuales.

En sus planteos de una alteridad absoluta, es llamativo que el joven Levinas defina en las obras de 1947-1948 a lo femenino o la mujer como “el otro por excelencia” desde una posición discursiva sexuada. Es un varón que escribe y habla del otro desde la diferencia sexual. Lo radicalmente otro(a) del sujeto es la mujer quien …

Erotismo E Identidad De Género En G. Bataille, Paloma Nunez Tomás

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Sexism, Eroticism, and Gender Identity in the Continental Tradition track.

Bataille es un autor poco conocido, heterodoxo y plural, cuya lectura al tiempo que despierta un gran interés, produce una profunda inquietud. En opinión de alguno de sus analistas la novedad del pensamiento de G. Bataille reside en haber introducido el erotismo en la reflexión filosófica. En efecto, el erotismo constituye una de las nociones claves en la obra de G. Bataille, que lo describe como “experiencia interior”, como el lugar donde el ser humano vive la experiencia del límite y del exceso, como …

Bodily Experience And Suppressed Female Values: A Pathway Through Works Of Literature, Art And The Labyrinth, Bettina Schmitz

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Value and the Body track.

In my paper I will question the relation between bodily experience and female values. The debate on gender and gender equality has made it quite difficult to use the word ‘female’ or to refer to the female body. Is it possible to presuppose an analogy of body and values similar to the one Immanuel Kant probably had in mind, when in the Critique of Practical Reason (1788) he admired “the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me”? Even if my paper will not primarily be about …

Crítica Feminista Del Sujeto Autónomo Desde La Conciencia Condicionada De José Ortega Y Gasset Y John Dewey, Marta Vaamonde Gamo

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Conceptions of Autonomy track.

1. Introducción

En su artículo “Kant y el método filosófico” John Dewey realiza una crítica de la consideración kantiana de la conciencia que se sitúa en la línea de la crítica a la razón idealista que presenta José Ortega y Gasset en ¿Qué es filosofía? Ambos manifiestan la contradicción que entraña definir la conciencia como una identidad desde la que determinar al sujeto moral. El dualismo entre el método experimental de la ciencia y la consideración formal de la ética, sería consecuencia de esa visión reducida del sujeto que Kohlberg …

Pragmatic Epistemology And The Importance Of Descriptive Representation, Mallorie Malone

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Communities and Institutions: Negotiating Differences track.

Martha Nussbaum: Feminism Between Universalism And Pluralism, Louise Derksen

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Communities and Institutions: Negotiating Differences track.

Martha Nussbaum describes the project of her book Women and Human Development as the ‘practical pursuit of gender justice’. Despite the emphasis on the practical, she believes that the feminist theory which underlies emancipation in the practical sense must have a firm philosophical basis. Philosophy, according to Nussbaum, is the best possible area in which to develop theories to think through issues having to do with gender justice. In sciences such as political science, legal theory or economics, theories are developed which have an impact on the lives …

Normative Approaches To Values In Science, Kristina Rolin

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Reconsidering Values in Feminist Philosophy of Science track.

During the last three decades feminist philosophers of science have argued that the traditional ideal of value-free science should be replaced because either it is not feasible – or even if it is feasible, it is not a desirable epistemic goal. The traditional ideal of value-free science is the normative claim that social and moral values are not allowed to play a role in the reasoning and decision-making processes that scientists are engaged in when they decide to accept something as scientific knowledge, either individually or …

Commonness Happens In Differentiating: A Small Topology Of Being And Appearance – Or: Vive La Difference, Beatrice Nunold

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Unity and Difference track.

Our brain is an informational closed system. What we perceive is not a more or less exact image of a reality independent of us. Our brain actively produces it. Reality constitutes itself as being-in-picture. We have already been in the picture, immersed in a virtual reality of the 1st order (VR 1), which we call reality, world. According to Merleau-Ponty, this is the “primordial presentation of the non-presentable, “original presentation of the non-presentable” (Merleau-Ponty, 1986: 277, 261). Reality is a relational structure with individual topologies.

There is no emergency exit …

Women’S Reproductive Autonomy: Cesareans, Technological Interventions, And Loss Of Choice, Sylvia Burrow

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Technology and Intervention in Pregnancy and Childbirth track.

Situating Knowledge Through The Mothers Committee Of Bayview Hunters Point, Nancy Mchugh

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Social Values in Medical Research track.

Due to higher than national average breast cancer rates and deaths on Long Island the U.S. Congress in 1993 ordered a study of breast cancer on the island. The Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (LIBCSP), federally funded under Public Law 103-43, conducted by the National Cancer Institute in collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Science, is aimed at investigating environmental causes of breast cancer. The National Cancer Institute states “[t]he LIBCSP consists of more than 10 studies that include human population (epidemiologic) studies, the establishment …

Contradictory Values And Rules: The Case Of Olympic Sports, Sarah Teetzel

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Gender and Sport track.

This paper examines the concepts of sex/gender, rules, and values using a case study of the eligibility requirements for participating in the Olympic Games. As a global event that attracts more than one billion viewers, the impact of the Olympic Games is substantial. Stemming from a larger project that questions whether rules governing participation in the Olympics function to facilitate the attainment of the values and ideals associated with the Olympic Games, this paper focuses on the tension between the Olympic Charter’s mandate of non-discrimination and specific rules found within …

Calypso’S Recipe: On Biased Traditions In Philosophy, Maja Pellikaan-Engel

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Feminist Discourse and Philosophical Traditions track.

In this lecture, I would like to give an overview of the ideas presented in my study Calypso’s Recipe: On Biased Traditions in Philosophy. The book presents my view of a number of famous classical texts, a view that evolved over the decades between my student days and my position as a lecturer of classical languages. Reading as a woman, I have developed a perception of some classical texts that is fundamentally different from the standard.

Homer is a good illustration in point. He is the first author …

El Matriarcalismo Vasco: Ciencia Y Existencia, Maria Dolores Hinojosa Del Valle

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Science, Tradition and Patriarchy track.

Tomando como hilo del estudio la reflexión histórica, pretendo hacer un análisis de la figura femenina en la cultura vasca, principalmente de qué manera la mujer, desde tiempos inmemoriales, ha poseído un status superior al adjudicado en otros grupos sociales y culturales. Este status incluye la posesión del conocimiento "sapiencial" y su transmisión generacional, pues éste aparece íntimamente ligado a una serie de características rituales, siempre relacionadas con el sexo femenino.

Si atendemos al hecho de que en general, el reto del feminismo contemporáneo es superar la profunda carga …

Accountability Or Attestation? An Assessment Of Butler’S Ethical Subject With The Help Of Ricoeur, Annemie Halsema

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Ethical and Epistemic Choices: New Approaches track.

In Giving an Account of Oneself (2005) Judith Butler investigates the possibility of ethics starting from a poststructuralist subject position. Whereas in earlier works, with concepts such as “performativity,” Butler put the ethical and critical capacities of the subject into perspective, works such as Giving an Account of Oneself, Precarious Life (2004) and to some extent Antigone’s Claim (2000), give the impression of a “turn” to ethics.

In the paper I will evaluate the notion of the ethical subject that Butler uses in these works by confronting …

Gender Ideology In The Physical Sciences: Philosophical Arguments, ÁGnes KováCs, LáSzló Ropolyi

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Feminist Perspectives in the Sciences: Physics, Chemistry and Climate Science track.

Feminist science criticism has overwhelmingly concerned itself with biological theories on sex and gender difference. Feminist critics (Bleier, Hubbard, Fausto-Sterling, Haraway) have discredited these theories by arguing that gender bias resulted in cognitive distortions and misrepresentation of the subject of inquiry. Feminist philosophers of science (Harding, Longino, and Nelson, among others), elaborated epistemological frameworks to account for these gender biases in science. There is nothing specific in their theories which would limit their validity to the social and life sciences, and yet no …

Moral Responsibility For Coerced Wrongdoing: The Case Of Abused Women Who “Fail To Protect” Their Children, Marilyn Friedman

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Ethics and Parenthood track.

Gender, Germs, And Dirt: A Case Study Of Properly Politicised Science, Sharyn Clough

XIV IAPh Symposium 2010

This presentation is part of the Feminist Perspectives in the Sciences: Epidemiology track.

The relatively recent increase in cases of allergies and asthma, especially in industrialised nations of the north and west, has been explained by the “hygiene hypothesis”—viz., that increased cleanliness and sanitation have unintended negative consequences for immune health—an hypothesis that has received robust epidemiological support (e.g., Platts-Mills 2002). Over the last few years, support for the hypothesis has increased with the discovery that populations regularly exposed to certain parasitic worms (helminths) have very low incidence of chronic inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s (Elliot, Summers, and Weinstock 2007). …