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"Keep On Keeping On": African Americans And The Implementation Of Brown V. Board Of Education In Virginia, Brian J. Daugherity

History Publications

This chapter examines African American efforts to implement the Brown decision in Virginia. While considering how government officials, segregationist organizations, and white supporters influenced the implementation process, this study focuses on how the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and its supporters in Virginia sought to bring about school desegregation in the state. Blending African American, southern, legal, and civil rights history, the story sheds new light on the school desegregation process and the early years of the civil rights movement in Virginia.

Emancipators, Protectors, And Anomalies: Free Black Slaveowners In Virginia, Philip J. Schwarz

History Publications

Free black ownership of slaves, which did exist in Virginia, shows that opportunity of a kind was open to some free people of color, but as the slave society of Virginia grew older and larger, it was an increasingly limited opportunity. When ownership of bondspeople by free people of color is placed into the context of the white supremacist and pro slavery laws and society of Virginia, however, it stands out as all the more remarkable as well as anomalous.

Includes photographs of the excavated the site of Archibald Batte's store in Bermuda Hundred, by Daniel Mouer, VCU Archaeology Department.