Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (11)
- History (9)
- Philosophy (9)
- Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies (7)
- Music (5)
-
- Education (4)
- Ethnic Studies (4)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (4)
- Film and Media Studies (4)
- Sociology (4)
- Women's Studies (4)
- Communication (3)
- Comparative Literature (3)
- Music Pedagogy (3)
- Rhetoric (3)
- Rhetoric and Composition (3)
- Theatre and Performance Studies (3)
- African American Studies (2)
- Anthropology (2)
- Dance (2)
- English Language and Literature (2)
- Gender and Sexuality (2)
- History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (2)
- International and Area Studies (2)
- Medieval History (2)
- Metaphysics (2)
- Other History (2)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (2)
- United States History (2)
- Keyword
-
- Dance technique (2)
- Human Rights (2)
- Immigration (2)
- L'Allegro (2)
- LMA (2)
-
- Morris (2)
- Pedagogy (2)
- Social Media (2)
- Aaron Copland (1)
- Action (1)
- Adichie (1)
- Aesthetics (1)
- Affect (1)
- Africology (1)
- Amateur Filmmaking Clubs (1)
- Ambiguity (1)
- American Literature (1)
- Archaeology (1)
- Art Cinema (1)
- Assessment (1)
- Austerity (1)
- Authoritarianism (1)
- Bahamas (1)
- Basic Psychological Needs (1)
- Bernard Herrmann (1)
- Biophilia (1)
- Black Girls (1)
- Book of Hours (1)
- Boundaries (1)
- British (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Developing The Identity Of An Elementary General Music Teacher: Perspectives Of Veteran Music Educators, Shawna Christine Greunke
Developing The Identity Of An Elementary General Music Teacher: Perspectives Of Veteran Music Educators, Shawna Christine Greunke
Theses and Dissertations
Developing a teacher identity is an essential component for the career of an elementary general music educator. This study explored existing literature on teacher identity, elementary music teaching, challenges for beginning music teachers, and experiences of veteran music teachers. Common themes found were the process of constructing an occupational identity, the value of mentorship to support beginning teachers, defining professional roles and expectations, and the master teacher’s focus of keeping students at the center of teaching. For this study, eight experienced elementary general music teachers participated in semi-structured interviews with eighteen questions, where their responses were audio recorded, transcribed, and …
An Intersectional Examination Of The Portrayal Of Native American Women In Wisconsin Museum Exhibits, Erica Rodenbeck
An Intersectional Examination Of The Portrayal Of Native American Women In Wisconsin Museum Exhibits, Erica Rodenbeck
Theses and Dissertations
This project examines how White curators at four museums in Wisconsin portray Native American women based on a number of institutional and individual curatorial choices. Intersectional Theory is used to explore how museums and museum professionals navigate questions of representation of a traditionally marginalized group. It places specific emphasis on the relationship between Community Curation and Intersectional Theory and explores whether or not the involvement of Native groups noticeably impacts representation of Native American women.
The study examines the exhibits of four museums: The Abel Public Museum, The New Canton College of Anthropology, The Pineville Public Museum, and The Wisconsin …
Amplifying Lgbtqia+ Presence Through Queer Legal Worldmaking: The Role Of Affect In Renegotiating Value Hierarchies In Political Argument, Hilary Ann Rasmussen
Amplifying Lgbtqia+ Presence Through Queer Legal Worldmaking: The Role Of Affect In Renegotiating Value Hierarchies In Political Argument, Hilary Ann Rasmussen
Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, I propose to better explain the argumentative processes by which communities are constituted in political crisis moments and how, within those moments, social movement and legal rhetorics co-create the rhetorical possibilities for queer legal worldmaking. Specifically, I argue that affect functions as an important tool within argumentative loci of presence (magnitude, proximity, and severity) and is intimately connected to value-warrants in political argument. When the affective resonance of polices exclusive of LGBTQIA+ persons is made present, deeply held values can be reappropriated in order to enact political change. Queer legal worldmaking is less about the creation of …
Clashing Ideals Of Citizenship: Norms Of Inclusion And The Middle East, David J. Wolover
Clashing Ideals Of Citizenship: Norms Of Inclusion And The Middle East, David J. Wolover
Theses and Dissertations
Modern conceptions of citizenship are in a state of flux, and, as such, so are our ideas about belonging. Ascriptive norms of membership based on the location of one’s birth—jus soli—or familial lineage—jus sanguinis—have provided the groundwork for membership where being designated a “citizen” can provide significant legal, economic, and social advantages over those outside the status. Naturalization, dual citizenships, and citizenship-by-investment programs (CIPs) have made citizenship more inclusive, less tied to a specific group, and more responsive to the needs of the individual. Further, instead of a citizen’s rights stopping at the border of the nation-state, liberal citizenship norms …
Expanding Composition Pedagogies: A New Rhetoric From Social Media, Ashley Evans
Expanding Composition Pedagogies: A New Rhetoric From Social Media, Ashley Evans
Theses and Dissertations
Traditionally, the field of rhetoric and composition has valued long-form essay writing, which requires students to engage patiently and at length with revision. In contrast, students today spend much time outside of school producing fast-paced and short posts for social media. This dissertation argues that students’ social media interactions provide them nuanced, dialogic, and complex rhetorical understandings about writing—but that students need help developing discursive processes to support transfer of their social media knowledge to other writing contexts, including long-form academic writing. Drawing from two semesters of in-class study, I construct for first-year composition classrooms a pedagogy that embraces and …
False Spring, Tobias Wray
False Spring, Tobias Wray
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation explores queer kinship and masculinity in an extended poetic sequence. The speakers of these poems attempt to understand the ways that family shapes our sense of gendered identity, particularly how masculinity is constructed and perpetuated through a history of gendered violence in western culture. Investigating the shame of failed masculinity and unsanctioned identity through a range of aesthetic positions, these poems interrogate the tradition of English language poetry as a space where masculinity is both blurred and reinscribed.
In three sections, the collection considers the relationship between paternity and patriarchy, and how queer identity offers alternative aesthetic positions …
Making An Old-World Milwaukee: German Heritage, Nostalgia, And The Reshaping Of The Twentieth Century City, Joseph B. Walzer
Making An Old-World Milwaukee: German Heritage, Nostalgia, And The Reshaping Of The Twentieth Century City, Joseph B. Walzer
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines the importance of white ethnicity, and especially Germanness, in the “civic branding” and urban restructuring efforts of city officials, civic boosters, and business leaders in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in the mid-to-late twentieth century. Scholars have increasingly identified the significant roles the “revival” of European ethnic identities played in maintaining white racial privilege in response to the Civil Rights Movement since the 1960s. I contribute to these new veins of scholarship by tracing the continued and evolving prominence of Germanness in the Midwestern city of Milwaukee, long after common assumptions of ethnic assimilation might have expected such nineteenth century …
Lux Occidentale: The Eastern Mission Of The Pontifical Commission For Russia, Origins To 1933, Michael Anthony Guzik
Lux Occidentale: The Eastern Mission Of The Pontifical Commission For Russia, Origins To 1933, Michael Anthony Guzik
Theses and Dissertations
Although it was first a sub-commission within the Congregation for the Eastern Churches (CEO), the Pontifical Commission for Russia (PCpR) emerged as an independent commission under the presidency of the noted Vatican Russian expert, Michel d’Herbigny, S.J. in 1925, and remained so until 1933 when it was re-integrated into CEO. The PCpR was given authority over the spiritual and material mission to Soviet Russia, including refugees who had fled the Bolshevik Revolution. While most studies concerning the Catholic Church and Russia are religious or political histories which focus, respectively, on martyrdom or the contest between the so-called free world and …
The Real Ambassadors: A Musical On Jazz Diplomacy And Race Relations During The Early Cold War Years, Treshani Perera
The Real Ambassadors: A Musical On Jazz Diplomacy And Race Relations During The Early Cold War Years, Treshani Perera
Theses and Dissertations
This Master’s thesis examines jazz diplomacy and race relations in the United States during the early Cold War years, the U.S. State Department’s cultural diplomacy propaganda initiatives, and narratives of musicians featured in State Department jazz tours as reflected in the musical "The Real Ambassadors." The musical was written by Iola and Dave Brubeck following their State Department jazz tour of Europe, Asia and the Middle East in 1958. The debut performance took place at the 1962 Monterey Jazz Festival, featuring Louis Armstrong in the lead role. A textural analysis of songs from the musical will be considered for in-depth …
"Don't Be Such A Girl, I'M Only Joking!" Post-Alternative Comedy, British Panel Shows, And Masculine Spaces, Lindsay Anne Weber
"Don't Be Such A Girl, I'M Only Joking!" Post-Alternative Comedy, British Panel Shows, And Masculine Spaces, Lindsay Anne Weber
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis discusses the gender disparity in British panel shows. In February 2014 the BBC’s Director of Television enforced a quota stating panel shows needed to include one woman per episode. This quota did not fully address the ways in which the gender imbalance was created. This thesis argues that the gender imbalance stems from post-feminist sensibilities and masculine-centric trends in British comedy and culture. This work demonstrates this through a discourse analysis of the opinions expressed about panel shows by the British popular press and media personalities from 2002 to 2017. The discourse analysis exposes patterns where British producers …
Exploring Integrated Curriculum For Music Education In China: Music With Children’S Literature And Visual Arts, Xiyao Zhao
Theses and Dissertations
The use of an integrated curriculum approach for music education in China is in the beginning stages of implementation. The current National Standards for Music teaching in China are limited in this approach. The purpose of this thesis was to develop some novel and creative teaching methods for music utilizing an integrated approach for children’s literature and visual arts that could be applied to future music classes in China. Research on the integration of children’s literature and visual arts into music teaching were reviewed in this thesis for general approaches, and application both broadly and specifically within Chinese music education. …
Making < Cinnabar > : Kant On Made A Posteriori Concepts, Sophie Cote
Making < Cinnabar > : Kant On Made A Posteriori Concepts, Sophie Cote
Theses and Dissertations
The topic of this paper is Kant’s distinction between given and made concepts. A made concept is ‘created by us arbitrarily’, while a given concept is ‘produced either through the nature of our understanding or through experience’ (24:131). Kant’s most frequent examples of made concepts are mathematical concepts, such as. But mathematical concepts exemplify just one kind of made concepts, namely made a priori concepts. Concepts can also be made a posteriori. The question ‘What is a made a posteriori concept?’ has received little attention. The purpose of this paper is to address this question. I argue that made a …
Commuters, Wanderers, And 'International Mongrels': Resistance And Possibility In Post-Immigrant Literature, Leslie Singel
Commuters, Wanderers, And 'International Mongrels': Resistance And Possibility In Post-Immigrant Literature, Leslie Singel
Theses and Dissertations
The recognizable motifs of the immigrant tale have been upended, as the traditional
narrative has been adapted to capture the multitude of directions, individuals, nations, and paths
of the twenty-first century migrant. In four chapters, I examine selected works from the authors
Colum McCann, Junot Díaz, Jhumpa Lahiri, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie to argue for a new
designation, “post-immigrant literature.” Post-immigrant literature treats critically the themes of
loss, regret, and forced assimilation from perspectives shaped by post-colonial, post-modern and
post-identity politics thinking. Rather than narratives stressing the limitations imposed by
deterministic social forces, post-immigrant texts posit more agency, and anxiety, …
Power, Responsibility, And Sexually Violent War Tactics: A Theoretical And Empirical Analysis Of Rape During Civil War, Jennifer L. Clemens
Power, Responsibility, And Sexually Violent War Tactics: A Theoretical And Empirical Analysis Of Rape During Civil War, Jennifer L. Clemens
Theses and Dissertations
Broadly, this dissertation asks, why rape? In address, this research posits a leadership preference-based strategic theory of rape during war; marking the first large-N, quantitative exploration of leadership preferences on the use of rape in civil war. Using an original dataset, preferences of armed group leaders are evaluated against the level of rape across all civil conflicts between 1980 - 2009. The results highlight three critical findings. First, evidence suggests that rape is distinctive from other human rights violations and is permitted or controlled differently than are more common forms of extra-combat violence (i.e., torture, extra-judicial killings, disappearances). This work …
Nobi Ni-Tse’Tse’Ede (House On The Cold One): Northern Great Basin Archaic Hunter-Gatherer Household Archaeology, Harney County, Oregon, Emily Jane Epstein
Nobi Ni-Tse’Tse’Ede (House On The Cold One): Northern Great Basin Archaic Hunter-Gatherer Household Archaeology, Harney County, Oregon, Emily Jane Epstein
Theses and Dissertations
Excavation results from four sites on Tse’tse’ede (The Cold One), which is also commonly known as Steens Mountain, produced archaeological evidence for a prehistoric subsistence and settlement system on the western flank of Tse’tse’ede. Material culture recovered in association with one house, domestic surfaces, and from a high elevation hunting locale provides evidence for human use of the mountain spanning the Archaic. Analysis suggests human occupation of the range intensified post Cal 3000 BP.
The archaeological results were compared against an ethnographically derived model for household and community food security, the basis of settlement and subsistence systems. The model failed …
Newberry Library Ms 53: Unlocking The Secrets Of A Late Medieval Book Of Hours, Marianna Cecere
Newberry Library Ms 53: Unlocking The Secrets Of A Late Medieval Book Of Hours, Marianna Cecere
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates a manuscript in the Newberry Library collection, Newberry Library MS 53, a Book of Hours for the Use of Rome made around 1470 in Bruges, Flanders, and thought to be connected to the circle of Willem Vrelant (d. 1481), one of the most prolific Flemish illuminators of his time. The manuscript itself has received little scholarly attention, and the present study reconstructs its history by identifying elements within the manuscripts that demonstrate a connection to Vrelant and his associates, describing the production process used for smaller, less expensive Books of Hours, identifying its likely audience, and comparing …
Grounding Physicalism, Zachary Kofi
Grounding Physicalism, Zachary Kofi
Theses and Dissertations
Grounding physicalism is the thesis that fundamental physical truths ground every other truth. Ted Sider and Shamik Dasgupta have recently put forward a serious challenge to grounding physicalism. The challenge is an instance of a more general challenge concerning what grounds grounding facts, which has been powerfully presented by Karen Bennett. If A is some fundamental fact about physics that grounds some fact B about mental states, then what grounds the fact that A grounds B? The grounding physicalist who says that such facts are either grounded or ungrounded seems to face a dilemma: Either grounding facts are grounded and …
Is It Rational To Care About The Natural Environment?, Joshua Brown
Is It Rational To Care About The Natural Environment?, Joshua Brown
Theses and Dissertations
This paper helps address the question of how people who currently care about the natural environment, or nature, might rationally persuade those who do not currently have such concern. Philosophers have largely ignored this question, but it is important outside philosophy. For instance, many environmental advocates seem to believe that others should care about nature. At least much writing that falls under the broad category of environmentalism intends to persuade us to care about nature in one way or another.
In this paper, I argue that people should care about nature to the extent that they have three other, rationally …
Stitched Together: The Singer Manufacturing Company And Its Employees In Revolutionary Russia, 1914-1930, Jenna Elizabeth Himsl
Stitched Together: The Singer Manufacturing Company And Its Employees In Revolutionary Russia, 1914-1930, Jenna Elizabeth Himsl
Theses and Dissertations
In 1914, the Russian Empire was the largest foreign market of the Singer Manufacturing Company. Following the Russian Revolution, Singer’s Russian subsidiary, Kompaniya Singer, was nationalized in a piecemeal fashion. Singer’s employees were forced to adapt to the new order or attempt to leave Soviet Russia. This thesis addresses the ways in which Kompaniya Singer and its employees built, used, fostered, and hampered national and institutional identities during the chaotic period from 1914 to 1930 in their quests to respond to the shifting political foundations of Russian society. As it became impossible for Kompaniya Singer and its cosmopolitan, managerial employees …
El Poder Y Sus Mecanismos En La Novela Cuatro Por Cuatro, De Sara Mesa: Una Interpretación Social En La España De La Crisis, Maria Ayete
Theses and Dissertations
En este trabajo se propone una interpretación en términos sociales de la novela Cuatro por cuatro (2012), de Sara Mesa, a partir del análisis del poder y sus relaciones en el texto. En primer lugar, se establecen los elementos teóricos base para el posterior estudio de la obra. Estos elementos se definen y desarrollan según las reflexiones sobre el poder realizadas por Michel Foucault. En segundo lugar, se analiza el espacio ficcional del colegio y las relaciones que en él se establecen según los presupuestos teóricos anteriores, para argumentar la comprensión de dicho espacio como espacio carcelario y de sus …
Technical, Artistic, And Pedagogical Analysis Of Mark Morris' L'Allegro, Il Penseroso Ed Il Moderato, Mireille Radwan Dana
Technical, Artistic, And Pedagogical Analysis Of Mark Morris' L'Allegro, Il Penseroso Ed Il Moderato, Mireille Radwan Dana
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis analyzes Mark Morris' choreography for pedagogical purposes. It explores Morris' technique and style by investigating one of his most acclaimed works: L'Allegro, il Penseroso ed il Moderato. Because this evening length piece offers a large selection of sections, a total of thirty-two, it provides many possibilities to investigate Morris' musicality, creative process, and style. The musical aspect of Morris' work is examined by focusing on how he often molds the dance to the musical score involving specific rhythms, canons and counterpoints. Analysis of his creative process investigates his use of individual and group work, with the implementation of …
Elbert Peets: Town Planning, Pragmatism And Ecology, 1915-1968, Royce Michael Earnest
Elbert Peets: Town Planning, Pragmatism And Ecology, 1915-1968, Royce Michael Earnest
Theses and Dissertations
Elbert Peets (1886-1968) designed some significant town plans in the early to mid-twentieth century. His design work was successful and well regarded at the time, and his plans for Greendale, Wisconsin and Park Forest, Illinois were influential for post-World War II suburban developments. These town plans, and others such as Wyomissing, Pennsylvania and Washington Highlands, Wisconsin have continued to be vibrant and successful neighborhoods. Peets also wrote widely, and most notably was the co-author of The American Vitruvius; An Architect’s Handbook of Urban Design. However, though these contributions were notable, Peets has been largely neglected in the historiography of twentieth …
Film After Authority: The Transition To Democracy And The End Of Politics, Kalling Heck
Film After Authority: The Transition To Democracy And The End Of Politics, Kalling Heck
Theses and Dissertations
A comparison of films made after the transition from authoritarianism or totalitarianism to democracy, this dissertation addresses the ways that cinema can digest and extend moments of political transition. By comparing films from four different nations—the Italian Germany Year Zero, Hungarian Sátántangó, South Korean Woman on the Beach, and American Medium Cool—in relation to ideas drawn from critical and political theory, this project examines how and why these wildly diverse films turn to ambiguity as their primary means to disrupt the ravages of unchecked authority. By intervening in discussions of aesthetics and politics, this dissertation contends that ambiguous aesthetics has …
Bodily Boundaries: Inflammatory Bowel Disease And Rhetorical Enactments Of Self, Molly Margaret Kessler
Bodily Boundaries: Inflammatory Bowel Disease And Rhetorical Enactments Of Self, Molly Margaret Kessler
Theses and Dissertations
Chronic illnesses are seven of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States and the prevalence is rising. Of the many chronic illnesses, one group of diseases present particular concern and mystery—autoimmune diseases. These conditions manifest when a patient’s body attacks itself, causing a myriad of symptoms that often leave patients debilitated. Since 2013, I have been examining the contexts in which patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)—one type of autoimmune disease—reconsider their bodily boundaries while managing new, challenging communication experiences. The results of this research are presented in my dissertation, Bodily Boundaries: Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Rhetorical …
Technical, Artistic, And Pedagogical Analysis Of Mark Morris' L'Allegro, Il Penseroso Ed Il Modertato, Mireille Radwan Dana
Technical, Artistic, And Pedagogical Analysis Of Mark Morris' L'Allegro, Il Penseroso Ed Il Modertato, Mireille Radwan Dana
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis analyzes Mark Morris' choreography for pedagogical purposes. It explores Morris' technique and style by investigating one of his most acclaimed works: L'Allegro, il Penseroso ed il Moderato. Because this evening length piece offers a large selection of sections, a total of thirty-two, it provides many possibilities to investigate Morris' musicality, creative process, and style. The musical aspect of Morris' work is examined by focusing on how he often molds the dance to the musical score involving specific rhythms, canons and counterpoints. Analysis of his creative process investigates his use of individual and group work, with the implementation of …
Passbook, Mark Robert Brand
Passbook, Mark Robert Brand
Theses and Dissertations
Passbook is a nostalgic novel that considers the meaning of love and family on the edge of a post-mortal near future. As the era of austerity enters its third decade, a social media platform—the eponymous Passbook—allows the living to interact with the dead, and changes the landscape of longevity forever. Wyatt Simmons, a young underemployed college graduate, finds himself locked out of the American Dream by suppressed wages, strangled career opportunities, and overwhelming debt. While coping with the un-deaths of his mother and sister, and estrangement from his financially-comfortable careerist father, Wyatt perseveres in a dissatisfying relationship of necessity with …
Complementary And Integrative Health Services In A Low-Resource Community: A Retrospective Examination, Barbara M. Wesson
Complementary And Integrative Health Services In A Low-Resource Community: A Retrospective Examination, Barbara M. Wesson
Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
COMPLEMENTARY AND INTEGRATIVE HEALTH SERVICES IN A LOW-RESOURCE COMMUNITY: A RETROSPECTIVE EXAMINATION
by
Barbara M. Wesson
The University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, 2017
Under the Supervision of Professor Ron Cisler
Study Background and Significance: Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) continues to be widely utilized despite a lack of consensus regarding its efficacy. Since 2001, CORE El Centro (CEC) has been providing acupuncture, massage, reiki, and mindful movement classes, charging sliding scale fees in a low-resource, primarily Latino community; underrepresented in the CIH literature.
Purpose: This study examined the association between CIH use (time and treatment), subjective well-being assessments, biometrics …
A Model Of Women Entrepreneurs' Well-Being, Dianne Deborah Murphy
A Model Of Women Entrepreneurs' Well-Being, Dianne Deborah Murphy
Theses and Dissertations
There has been a recent surge in the growth of women entrepreneurs and particularly minority women entrepreneurs in the United States. Women owned businesses play a key role in the United States economy – they are almost 10 million in number and represent over 35% of the total number of firms (U.S. Census, 2012). As the role of women entrepreneurs, and particularly, minority women entrepreneurs, in the U.S. grows, the need to understand this group becomes ever more important. Traditionally, the entrepreneurship literature has assumed the masculine perspective, with much of the foundational theories built upon research based on male …
Jeanne Of Flanders And The Patronage Of The Chapel Of Saint Elizabeth Of Hungary In Laon Cathedral, Abby Rose Armstrong
Jeanne Of Flanders And The Patronage Of The Chapel Of Saint Elizabeth Of Hungary In Laon Cathedral, Abby Rose Armstrong
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis provides a new argument concerning the patronage of the little-known chapel of St. Elizabeth of Hungary in Laon Cathedral. I examine unpublished documentary evidence that identifies the noblewoman responsible for the financing and construction of the chapel in the early fourteenth century. Circumstantial evidence indicates Jeanne of Flanders, a noble widow, also ordered the carving of relief sculpture of the Crucifixion and St. Elizabeth of Hungary along the chapel’s north wall. In this thesis, I argue that Jeanne’s actions fit the prescribed behavior for wealthy medieval widows, in that she expresses newfound authority and power in the wake …
American Music In Wind Band Repertoire: The Importance And Need For Heritage Preservation, Jessica Leah Kindschi Walter
American Music In Wind Band Repertoire: The Importance And Need For Heritage Preservation, Jessica Leah Kindschi Walter
Theses and Dissertations
For an instrumental conductor in a music education program, repertoire selection is an important step while preparing for a concert program. Choosing quality music that represents varied genres, styles, and historical periods helps to create a stimulating concert for the listeners and a well-balanced musical preparation for the player. Performing music from other countries is essential and should be balanced with American music, specifically folk songs and marches.
The purpose of this thesis is to show the placement and benefit, according to composers and arrangers, of utilizing American music within the music classroom, specifically in the choice of wind band …