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Cleveland State University

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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Hopeful Hostility: An Analysis Of The Evolution Of American Naturalism, Amonte Littlejohn Jan 2011

Hopeful Hostility: An Analysis Of The Evolution Of American Naturalism, Amonte Littlejohn

ETD Archive

American Naturalism has a reputation of being a reductive and often times violent genre, but in its brutality exists a lens to examine adverse social conditions and practices of modern and historical society. Evolved from its precursor in European Naturalism, American Naturalism would undergo adaptations to make the genre more relevant to the American audience, authors like Frank Norris and Stephen Crane each tailoring their naturalistic novels to cater to their respective times. Since then, the genre has gone as a style that is as difficult to define as it is to accept, American Naturalism receiving criticisms and detractions with …


More Borrowing From Bellegarde In Delarivier Manley's Queen Zarah And The Zarazians, Rachel Carnell Dec 2004

More Borrowing From Bellegarde In Delarivier Manley's Queen Zarah And The Zarazians, Rachel Carnell

English Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


It's Not Easy Being Green: Gender And Friendship In Eliza Haywood's Political Periodicals, Rachel Carnell Mar 1999

It's Not Easy Being Green: Gender And Friendship In Eliza Haywood's Political Periodicals, Rachel Carnell

English Faculty Publications

British writer Eliza Haywood's two periodicals, 'The Female Spectator' (1744-46) and 'The Parrot' (1746), protested against the gendered split between political and domestic literary genres, showing that British novels and periodicals written by or addressed to women did engage in political discourse. Through her periodicals, Haywood presented a model for female-female friendship that portrayed women engaging in rational and polite political debate. Furthermore, she argued that this same debate could occur between a woman and a man apart from an apolitical, romantic relationship. Finally, she gave opportunity for friendship to be expressed between those who had been excluded from the …


Feminism And The Public Sphere In Anne Brontë'S The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall, Rachel Carnell Jun 1998

Feminism And The Public Sphere In Anne Brontë'S The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall, Rachel Carnell

English Faculty Publications

The bipartite narrative structure of Anne Brontë's 'The Tenant of Wildfell Hall' (1848) has been interpreted recently as an attempt to subvert the traditional Victorian rubric of separate spheres. Reconsidering this novel in terms of Jürgen Habermas's concept of the 18th-century public sphere broadens the historical context for the way we understand the separate spheres. Within Brontë's critique of Victorian gender roles, we may identify a reluctance to address the Chartist-influenced class challenges to an older version of the public good. In hearkening back to an 18th-century model of the public sphere, Brontë espouses not so much a 20th-century-style challenge …