Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Ruling The Market: How Venice Dominated The Early Music Printing World, Elizabeth M. Poore

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

This presentation attempts to prove that Venice was the main geographical center of music printing and publishing from the 1300s to the late 1500s using several economic, legal, and cultural factors. The primary research method was examining secondary sources on music printing, publishing, and European and Venetian history.

From the 1300s to the late 1500s, Venetian commercial trade and activity, including book publishing, reached unheard of levels. Venice held a powerful position in the European economy and its merchants were able to leverage this to great advantage when the new technology of printing became available. The specialized business of music …

Development Of Renaissance Era Counterpoint: Senseless Stipulations Or Scientific Study, David J. Anderson Iii

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Music of today is composed using countless rules that have developed over the years. During the Middle ages, basic harmony was first used, but it was not until the Renaissance that harmony really flourished to become standard in most music. Counterpoint is, at its core, the study of harmony or quite literally point against point (note against note.) This paper delves into the conception of counterpoint and shows how it progressed to become a widely used technique that has unequivocally changed music to this day by exploring the different facets of counterpoint and studying the music theorists who pioneered and …

English In The Amazon: Unhomeliness In Evelyn Waugh’S “The Man Who Liked Dickens”, Hannah E. Rau

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

In the short story “The Man Who Liked Dickens,” Evelyn Waugh describes a cultural collision deep in the jungles of Brazil. The story’s narrative centers around two men, one of whom is an Englishman taking what he believes to be a temporary exploratory expedition to Brazil. The other, Mr. McMaster, is a half-Brazilian, half-white landowner who loves the Dickens books he cannot read for himself. Henty, the Englishman, leaves home to escape his wife, who loves another man, and goes on an ill-fated mission to explore the unmapped regions of Brazil. Along the way, he loses his companions and ends …

Oral Transmission: A Marriage Of Music, Language, And Tradition, Emma E. Patterson

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

There are a number of misunderstandings about ancient oral transmission that negatively affect the way musicians view music history but also the process of how music was and currently is conceived, recorded, and shared. A common misconception is that oral transmission of music is an ancient practice that occurred before written notation of music was developed. However, I seek to prove that there is a false dichotomy between oral transmission and written notation and I focus on the changing definition and importance of oral tradition. Firstly, I discuss the misconceptions of ancient oral transmission. Secondly, I examine the continuing development …

Music During The Reformation: Changing Times And Changing Minds, Carolyn S. Ticker

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

As music developed throughout the early centuries its function changed according to the philosophies and principles governing the culture to which it belonged. This is readily apparent in the church, as one can trace the development of music in the worship service from the Medieval times to the Reformation and beyond. During the Protestant Reformation music’s role in the church changed. My presentation seeks to discover how music was used in the different branches of Protestantism of the time and how its usage compared with other sects; specifically I compared and contrasted what worship would have looked like in the …

Patriarchy And The Protestants: A New Historical And Feminist Reading Of Marilynne Robinson’S Gilead, Jesse D. Lawhead

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

In her novel Gilead, Marilynne Robinson establishes a correlation between the presence of Protestantism and constricting gender roles women experience in the United States. Living in 1956 Gilead, Iowa, seventy-six-year-old Pastor John Ames begins writing to his seven-year-old son in a series of journal entries after he is diagnosed with a terminal case of angina pectoris. In these journal entries to his son, Ames records the histories of his reverend father, reverend grandfather, his own life, and present observations as the beauty of life continues to captivate him. Ultimately he hopes to “to tell [his son] things [he] might never …

J. S. Bach: The Good Lord Of Influence, Christa K. Johnson

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Many musicians stand in awe of J. S. Bach’s ability to create a masterpiece. In fact, few question his greatness as a musician, but the source of that greatness is a different discussion altogether. Was Bach’s excellent musicianship a result of good DNA, or did other causes inspire his excellence? My paper aims to identify the external influences that shaped Bach into the musician that he was. What environmental factors influenced Bach? Did his education play a role in his composition style? How did his career positions affect his works? Did Bach unite his religious beliefs with his music?

Many …

Slashes, Dashes, Points, And Squares: The Development Of Musical Notation, Carolyn S. Gorog

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The development of musical notation has long been a popular topic of discussion among musicologists. All cultures in the world have music and different cultures had methods of notating music. The purpose of the research was to trace the development of music notation and to see if the modern methods of notation are superior to the older methods. The development of music notation in western music was closely tied to the church and the Gregorian chant. Early neumes resembled points and slashes, which developed into squares when the staff stated to develop. The first staff was only four lines where …

A Daughter's Struggle To Individuate In "Einstein's Daughter", Matthew K. Werneburg

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Claudia Smith Brinson’s short story, “Einstein’s Daughter,” is a coming of age tale about a young girl who must delicately navigate her relationship with her mother in order gain independence. The protagonist, who narrates the story, remains unnamed and is defined mostly in reference to her mother’s lineage. The narrator begins the story with the concept that one’s biologically inherited character traits largely determine one’s future. Alluding to Einstein’s theory of relativity, the protagonist uses her extraordinary speed to travel back in time and explore the previous three generations of families on her mother’s side. She uses her observations to …

Captivity Of The Mind: A Postcolonial Analysis Of “The Man Who Liked Dickens”, Juliann R. Phillips

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Ever since the age of Columbus, the ideas of travel, adventure, and exploration have pervaded Western consciousness. In 1933, Evelyn Waugh, a social critic and satirist (Longman 2818), published a short story entitled “The Man Who Liked Dickens” that The Longman Anthology of British Literature describes as “a cautionary tale of what might happen to an ordinary, if wealthy, Englishman venturing ‘beyond the pale’ of European civilization in a disastrous journey to the Amazon” (2818). This chilling story centers around the misfortune of Henty, a rich and uneducated Englishman, who gets swept along on an expedition to the jungles of …

Conducting: How It Came To Be, Kim M. Tavierne

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

When one thinks of a symphony orchestra they think of strings, brass, woodwinds and percussion. However, there is a very important component to that image that is missing and that is the conductor. Conducting has evolved through the years from someone keeping a beat to an actual profession. My presentation will be diving into how conducting evolved from the very beginning. What is the history of conducting? Where did conducting come from? How did conducting evolve into a job? These are all questions that will be answered in this presentation.

I will first address the primary question of the history …

The Woman Composer: Culture And Social Ideologies Behind Her Success In Music Composition, Julia K. Brummel

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Music is an art that has been enjoyed since almost the beginning of time. This art has carried many traditions and ideologies with it that are still prevalent today. One such idea that began early on and is still an attitude that must be fought in today’s musical culture, is that women are unable to be quality composers. For as long as music has been composed, men have dominated in writing and performing their own works. The lack of women composers throughout history is a subject that has interested many music historians. There are reasons behind this issue and many …

Development And Dissemination: Deliberations On Spanish Renaissance Music, Lindsey E. Pfeifer

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Throughout history, every musical culture grew and developed under a specific set of influences, whether political, philosophical, or geographical. Varying sets of influences created likewise varying types of music. Spanish music, in particular, enjoyed an especially unique array of influences during the fifteenth century. My presentation explores these influences. How did the interaction of Spain’s three major religions—Christianity, Islam, and Judaism—affect musical development? How did the newly unified government, ruled by Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, influence the musical culture? How did Spain’s discovery and conquest of the New World facilitate the spread of Spanish music …

A Queer Poet In A Queer Time: John Milton And Homosexuality, Adam J. Wagner

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Scholar David Hawkes refers to John Milton as a “Hero of Our Time.” Milton’s written works, including his poetry and political treatises, contain cultural and theological insight applicable not only to his 17th Century English culture, but 21st Century American culture as well. As homosexuality continues to enter the public sphere in Western society, many scholars are uncovering past insights about how sexuality has evolved. Milton’s literary texts provide insight into his own sexual orientation and how people viewed human sexuality post-English Renaissance. Homosexuality is a broad topic, but Milton’s works give insight into three main areas—homosexual sex, sexual orientation, …

A Conductor For The Ages, Jonathan E.D. Royce

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Herbert von Karajan played a key role in transforming the performance of music in Germany. I will show this by allowing the characteristics of Karajan as a conductor to show his impact upon Germany. I will also use his interest in film as well as Karajan's personal life that helped create a persona that will have a lasting impact on history not only in Germany but also in the world of music.

Of Education: Milton And The Common Core State Standards, Alexander D. Macphail-Fausey

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

This essay compares John Milton's views of educational reform during the 17th Century in England to the Common Core State Standards currently being developed in the United States. The essay argues that the Common Core is a postmodern reinvention of Milton's education reform presented in his tract, "Of Education." It outlines the education Milton received, and how that compared to the pedagogy Milton developed and implemented in his own school. Then, Milton's pedagogy is compared to the implementation of the Common Core State Standards, specifically focusing on the career and college preparation goals presented by the Common Core and difference …

Evangelicalism And Mental Slavery: A Miltonic Critique, Tyler C. Detrick

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

In the 1960s, Billy Graham and Carl Henry heralded evangelical identity as the crusade that would bolster Christian witness in the modern age. Recent scholarship, however, has labeled the movement a dramatic disappointment. Historian D.G. Hart contends that mainstream Christianity has become so inclusive that the label “evangelical” has ceased to mean anything intelligible, and Mark Noll echoes this critique by labeling evangelicalism a “scandal of the mind.” Christianity’s greatest hope for global gospel witness has proved a dissapointment. One window into this evangelical failure may be found in the prose works of sixteenth century poet John Milton. Far from …

The Magic In The Music Of Disney, Sara K. Chasse

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Walt Disney created a film industry that has captivated people of all ages for years, and the most important component of this industry is its nostalgic, thematic, and seemingly magical music. Disney music has made an impact in today’s society since its beginning and I am going to explain why that is. I will explain this in three different ways. I will first discuss Walt Disney’s vision for Disney music and how that has made it a success. Second, I will discuss how Disney music has stayed consistent over the years. Lastly, I will uncover research about how Disney music …

2015 Symposium Overview, Cedarville University

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Click the "Download" button in the top right corner to view the abstract booklet.

Discourses Surrounding Divided Germany, Timothy Gauthier, Shaune Young, Zachary Weaver

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

This discourse analysis examines a collection of short stories, entitled Schattensprünge: Geschichten rund um die Berliner Mauer, spanning the period of divided Germany (1949-1989) and the effect of this era on the mentality of the German people, particularly in the areas of politics, religion, society and economics.

The separation of the country created a culture of fear, struggle and deceit, separated families, encouraged big government secrecy, and proved that socialism leads to economic catastrophe. Both before the Wall went up in 1961 to the time of its destruction in 1989, the German people were faced with having to rebuild their …