Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Digital Archives As Socially And Civically Just Public Resources, Kent Gerber

Librarian Publications and Presentations

How can the digital humanities community ensure that its digital archives are public resources that live up to the best potential of digital humanities without repeating or perpetuating power imbalances, silences, or injustice? A framework for anti-racist action, the “ARC of racial justice,” developed by historian Jemar Tisby in his study of the complicity of the Christian church in perpetuating racism in the United States, is one way that this goal can be accomplished. The ARC is an acronym for three kinds of interrelated and interdependent kinds of actions one can take to fight racism and work for change: Awareness …

Conscious Capitalism: An Emerging Economic Philosophy For Higher Purpose In Business, Molly Wickam

Graduate School Faculty Publications

An enhanced economic philosophy, conscious capitalism, is ascending in the United States and gaining traction in helping corporations redefine their approach to business. This article analyzes and evaluates conscious capitalism, integrates it with biblical economics and the social justice faith tradition, and explores its relationship to business education. Business education researchers have the opportunity to integrate conscious capitalism ideas into business curriculum to give students ideas that broaden their understanding of an enhanced model of capitalism and the ways capitalism can do good. Additionally, there is opportunity for Christian business professors to integrate the social justice themes of mishpat, hesed …

Synesthesia, Rachel Blood

Healy Poetry Prize

No abstract provided.

The Kind Of Fear That Can Scare You To Death, Madeline Aafedt

Healy Poetry Prize

No abstract provided.

Lunchtime, Kim Tran

Healy Poetry Prize

No abstract provided.

There Be Dragons: History And Meaning Of Dragon Imagery In Art (And Religion), Jim Lewis, Kenneth Steinbach, Josh Vana

Biblical and Theological Studies Faculty Works

Dr. Jim (James) Lewis joins Bethel University art student Josh Vana as he presents research on the historical roots of dragon imagery and symbolism in Asian and European art and how that informed the development of his displayed sculpture in the University Library. A conversation with Professors Kenneth Steinbach and Jim Lewis follows the presentation. Dr. Lewis explains the significance of the dragon motif as it finds it origins and meaning in Chinese culture in the 22:00 to 35:00 portion of the video. The panel discussion with all three presenters concludes the video starting at 48:09. The video is …

Photography Is All We Need - Photography Is Never Enough, Lex Thompson

Art and Design Faculty Works

An essay about the exhibition Surface Tension, curated by Michelle Westmark-Wingard, at Bethel University’s Olson Gallery. Featuring four artists working with photography: Sophia Chai, Paula McCartney, Christine Nguyen and Letha Wilson.

Fur Trade In Minnesota: The Rise And Fall Of Ojibwe Power, Soraya Keiser

Library Research Prize Student Works

Before any Europeans came to the shores of North America, Native Americans inhabited these lands. They fished the waters, harvested the earth, and hunted the game. Within the large continent, the Great Lakes region was especially abundant, and the Ojibwe tribe lived off the land surrounding Lake Superior and much of northern Minnesota, stretching into present-day Canada (Warren 126). The Ojibwe traded with other tribes “along the waterways of present-day Minnesota and across the Great Lakes for centuries before the arrival of Europeans in the mid-1600s” (“The Fur Trade''). However, with the introduction of European settlers, trade only increased. Ojibwe …

John Brown: The Hanged Hero, Sam Derfus

Library Research Prize Student Works

On Sunday October 16th, 1859, John Brown and 21 men besieged Harpers Ferry in an attempt to sow chaos and upheave the institution of slavery. Brown held the area for a few days before being captured, taken to court, and killed. Seen as an inciting incident in the American Civil War, the raid’s influence far outweighs its actual success. Brown may not have been able to abolish slavery himself, but he started a chain of events that would lead to his dream coming to fruition. Although Brown’s use of direct action as a means of creating change at Harpers Ferry …

His Soul Is Marching On: The Abolitionist Spirit Of John Brown, Sam Carlson

Library Research Prize Student Works

In the time of Bleeding Kansas, a period of some of the most intense internal strife in US history, abolitionist John Brown was at the center of attention. His capture of Harpers Ferry and his public execution made him a symbol of the conflict within the nation, and it pushed the antislavery movement into the spotlight. Through speaking and through combat, the abolitionist spirit of John Brown divided America even further during the antebellum period. His great influence split up people for and against anti-slavery, both during his life and after his execution.

Manuscript For Aesthetic/Design Guidelines For Campus Master Planning Bethel University, Wayne Roosa, Eugene Johnson

Art and Design Faculty Works

This document is the manuscript version before graphic design and copyediting. Follow this link to see the final version.

The situation that inspired and drove these aesthetic guidelines for campus master planning were unique to the history Bethel University and Seminary. By the early 1960s, Bethel was outgrowing its site on Snelling Avenue in St. Paul. The opportunity to purchase 160 acres in Arden Hills arose and the leap of faith was taken to buy this land and relocate. But it was not that simple. More was involved than mere practical problems of too-little space solved by an abundance …

Aesthetic/Design Guidelines For Campus Master Planning Bethel University, Wayne Roosa, Eugene Johnson

Art and Design Faculty Works

Table of Contents

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

The Need for Aesthetic Guidelines for Campus Master Planning The Purpose and Use of this Document

Aesthetic Guidelines: “Suggestions Concerning the Character of the New Campus,” by Eugene Johnson (1963) (original version without annotations) . . . . . . . 5

Eugene Johnson’s, “Suggestions Concerning the Character of the New Campus” (with annotations, a history of interpretation and use) Annotations …

A Content Analysis Of Rachel Held Evans’ Impact Through Her Virtual Community Of Faith, Maddie Christy

English and Journalism Student Works

This research discusses the impact of Rachel Held Evans’ life, work, and death on her virtual community of faith. Evans’ work as a writer and theologian in the progressive evangelical Christian world was analyzed in this study through the Twitter hashtag #becauseofRHE, a space that emerged on Twitter after her death to commemorate how she had impacted followers’ lives. In addition to an outpouring of grief the hashtag presented three key impacts: radical inclusiveness, accepting and encouraging doubts, and helping followers keep their faith in God and the Church.

Faith Integration Essay: Biblical And Theological Studies, Victor I. Ezigbo

Faith Learning Integration Papers

This essay discusses two major themes, "Faith, Theology, and Guiding Principles for Theological Reflection" and "Christian Gospel and the Public Sphere".

The introduction begins as follows, "The term ‘faith’ is notoriously slippery. Theologians as well as Christians who do not have any formal theological education use the term ‘faith’ sometimes in competing ways. For example, some use ‘faith’ as a shield for protecting themselves from people who ask questions about God’s existence and actions in the world. For such people, faith opposes reason. They see ‘faith’ as “an antithesis of reason” and also construe “reason as an intellectual virus that …

Remembering Eden: A Study Of Garden Imagery In Judeo-Christian Worship Spaces, Luc Berard

Honors Student Works

Vases of flowers, a mural of wildlife, and poetic references to a garden, these artistic elements are all commonplace in Judeo-Christian worship spaces; but why? While all of these are certainly aesthetically pleasing, there is likely much more going on than mere interior decoration. This paper will begin by examining the source of garden imagery in the poetry of the Judeo-Christian tradition, demonstrating the significance and prevalence of Eden in the memory of the Judeo-Christian memory. Following this, the paper will then furnish and analyze several examples of Edenic imagery in the worship spaces, highlighting several important artistic elements shared …

Alvin Plantinga: Christian Philosophy As Apologetics, James K. Beilby

Biblical and Theological Studies Faculty Works

The History of Apologetics follows the great apologists in the history of the church to understand how they approached the task of apologetics in their own cultural and theological context. Each chapter looks at the life of a well-known apologist from history, unpacks their methodology, and details how they approached the task of defending the faith. By better understanding how apologetics has been done, readers will be better able to grasp the contextualized nature of apologetics and apply those insights to today's context. The History of Apologetics covers forty-four apologists including: Patristic apologists. Justin Martyr : prophetic revelation as the …

The Son Of God And Trinitarian Identity Statements, Matthew Owen, John Anthony Dunne

Seminary Faculty Publications

Classical Trinitarians claim that Jesus—the Son of God—is truly God and that there is only one God and the Father is God, the Spirit is God, and the Father, Son, and Spirit are distinct. However, if the identity statement that ‘the Son is God’ is understood in the sense of numerical identity, logical incoherence seems immanent. Yet, if the identity statement is understood according to an ‘is’ of predication then it lacks accuracy and permits polytheism. Therefore, we argue that there is another sense of ‘is’ needed in trinitarian discourse that will allow the Christian to avoid logical incoherence while …

Evangelical Faith And Culture In The Lives Of Vietnam’S Upland Hmong - 1987-2017, Jim Lewis

Biblical and Theological Studies Faculty Works

This paper centers on the contemporary conversion movement to Christianity among the Hmong of the Northern Mountainous Region (NMR). Taking place within the brief scope of only 30 years, religious change among the 1.2 million highland Hmong in Vietnam’s fourteen provinces has resulted in some 330,000 declaring they have exchanged many traditional beliefs for faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. They have embraced substantially the same faith as the Tin Lanh Church, which first came to Vietnam in 1911, one of Vietnam’s six officially approved religions. It is reasonable to claim that a mass movement of this magnitude among a …

Wise Women: The Female Junzi In Confucian Ethics, Berit Turnquist

Library Research Prize Student Works

In the context of Confucian ethics, there are few concepts as indefinable yet centrally important to the system of thought as a whole as the ideal of the sage. The sage is a key topic of discussion in The Analects of Confucius, and has been the subject of much reflection, revision, and discussion by neo-Confucian scholars throughout history. For centuries, however, one segment of the population was largely absent from the annals of Confucian scholarship, namely, women. The goal of this essay is to argue that, although women are rarely addressed in the canon of Confucian writings, women are not …

Conversation As A Model To Build The Relationship Among Libraries, Digital Humanities, And Campus Leadership, Kent Gerber

Librarian Publications and Presentations

By committing to two conversation-based concepts, David Lankes's Mission for New Librarians and the “Scholarship as Conversation” Information Literacy Frame, Bethel University's Library has established a leadership role in advocating and implementing digital humanities at a midsized liberal arts institution. Aligning the services and strategy of the Bethel University Digital Library (BUDL), Bethel's institutional repository, with the lessons learned and relationships built through these conversations with administration, faculty, and staff has resulted in successful outcomes for the communication and implementation of innovative digital library and digital humanities initiatives.

A Narrative Approach To Forgiveness Amidst Disagreement, Christopher Bengtson

Library Research Prize Student Works

While not always the case, there are instances where parties involved disagree on the nature of a particular offense. Personal conflict can lead to rifts in personal relationships or moral trust of the larger community; disagreement over the nature of the offense can lead to greater conflict and prevent forgiveness. The goal of this paper is to examine the reasons disagreement over the nature of offenses occurs, how to resolve these disagreements, and how this affects the process of forgiveness. In order to do so effectively, first a survey of models of forgiveness will be given to establish a clear …

Getting Involved With The Digital Humanities In Theology, Biblical Studies, And Religious Studies, Kent Gerber

Librarian Publications and Presentations

Digital humanities are growing and thriving in higher education, and, in the spirit of the pioneering work of Father Busa, it is important for theological and religious studies libraries and librarians to consider our roles and involvement in the current milieu of challenge and opportunity. The library and digital humanities communities possess many shared values and goals, including providing wide access to cultural information, enhancing teaching and learning, making a public impact, and benefiting from the invigorating, though not salvific, effect of technology to their efforts.

Hannah More's Moral Imagination: Fiction That Reformed A Nation, Emma Beecken

Library Research Prize Student Works

She has been described as the most influential woman of her era and Britain's greatest propagandist. Her works were far more popular than Jane Austen's and were personally requested by royalty. She ran in the highest circles, dear friends with both literary giant Samuel Johnson and abolitionist William Wilberforce. In her day, Hannah More was a household name, widely recognized fro the massive influence she had on society. Today, it is rare to meet someone who has heard of her.

When Hannah More began writing in the late eighteenth century, her works became extremely popular very quickly. By the time …

Faith Integration Essay: Physics, Nathan Lindquist

Faith Learning Integration Papers

What follows is a discussion on the process and limitations of Theology, the process and limitations of Science, and how they relate to our pursuit of God’s Truth. The particular “case study” that I choose to explore, for better or worse, is the way in which mystery, ambiguity, and paradox work in both Theology and Science.

The Power Of Encouragement: The Role Of Christian Academic Librarians In Supporting The Whole Student, Earleen J. Warner

Librarian Publications and Presentations

Christian librarians are exhorted to consider the role of providing encouragement, care, and emotional and spiritual support to college students. Caring for the whole student can have a positive impact on college student success and retention, as well as have a transformational effect on students’ spiritual lives. By treating college students as whole persons created in the image of God, Christian academic librarians can not only help these students succeed by meeting their academic needs, but also help students thrive by supporting them emotionally and spiritually.

A Long Way From Minneapolis: Minnesotans In The Spanish Civil War, Fletcher Warren

Library Research Prize Student Works

In 1996, eighty-one-year-old Minnesotan Clarence Forester and sixty-seven fellow Americans traveled to Barcelona at the behest of the Spanish government. There, they feasted at state banquets, received honorary Spanish citizenship, and paraded down the streets of Barcelona to throngs of Spaniards ten deep. Forester later mused that as he moved through the crowds, some of the Spaniards he talked to that day were in their seventies. Perhaps the women and men who kissed him were the same boys and girls who had clung to his legs at another Barcelonian parade. Fifty-eight years earlier, in October 1938, Forester had marched down …

Fullness Of Life For Virginia Woolf And Mrs. Dalloway, Jared Hedges

Library Research Prize Student Works

The great eighteenth century pragmatist William James worried once that a particular philosophy was “too economical to be all-sufficient” (James 83). He goes on to say: “Profusion, not economy, may after all be reality’s key-note.” Virginia Woolf knew this instinctively and profoundly; indeed practically her entire body of work can be read as a comment on the fullness of life. Although she is better known for her writing’s detailed delicacy and her tragic suicide, it is her assertion of life’s profusion that contrasts her most starkly with other Modernist writers, for whom negation and “its correlative states—absence, void, emptiness, and …

Apostle To Burma: A Case Study Of Ecumenical Evangelicalism In The Life Of Adoniram Judson, Jacob Manning

Library Research Prize Student Works

Adoniram (1788-1850) and Ann Judson (1789-1826) boarded the Caravan along with Samuel and Harriet Newell in Salem, Massachusetts on February 19, 1812 with a directive from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions to preach the Gospel in the Far East. Four months later, the missionaries arrived in India, but the Judsons sailed once more before they began a life of missionary labor in the kingdom of Burma. Amidst the joys of successful Bible translation and establishment of a Baptist congregation in Burma, Ann and Adoniram suffered tremendous loss: none of their three children survived infancy, and Ann died …

Images Of Suffering: An Investigation Of Francisco Goya's 'Disasters Of War' And William Blake's 'Illustrations For The Book Of Job', Chris Christenson

Library Research Prize Student Works

Francisco de Goya and William Blake, who we regard today as two of the greatest artists of the Romantic era, each produced a provocative set of engravings towards the end of his life. Goya's Los Desastres de la Guerra [The Disasters of War] and Blake's Illustrations for the Book of Job are both contemplations on human suffering, specifically unjust suffering, and our response to it. When placed in dialogue with one another, these sets of engravings unearth new dimensions in their interpretation and consequently in our own thinking about suffering. This paper will explore suffering and response through four themes …

The Role Of Memory In Forgiveness: A Post-Forgiveness Investigation, Zachariah Berry

Library Research Prize Student Works

There is a fundamental importance and value in maintaining a memory of wrongs done in the past. What do we do, however, when we think that we have forgiven someone, but aspects from the past wrong continue to manifest in our conscious awareness? Some may argue that the victim ought to suppress the memory of the wrong. Yet, as I maintain, doing so causes the victim to lose the moral value associated with the memory of the wrong. Maintaining the memory of a past wrong, however, may cause the victim to re-experience the negative emotions corresponding to a past wrong …