Arts and Humanities Commons^™

In The Land Of Brothers, John C. Lyden

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of In the Land of Brothers (2024), directed by Raha Amirfazli and Alireza Ghasemi.

Department Of Modern Languages And Civilizations, Faculty Of Humanities, University Of Genoa, Italy, Mohamed Daoud

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

This research reviews the history of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in Iran since Darcy obtained the oil concession in 1903 and then the establishment of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, which controlled the extraction and sale of oil in Iran until 1950, the year that witnessed the rise of the national trend in Iran Led by Mohamed Mosadegh, he entered into a conflict with Britain after he nationalized the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, which London saw as a dangerous development, which prompted it to present the issue to the Security Council. Oil nationalization, and with the failure of all political attempts to …

Iranian Women's Movement: Political Opportunities And New Forces, Hamid Sajadi

Journal of International Women's Studies

The Iranian women's movement emerged and was sustained in an unprecedented way, although neither the movement's procedure nor the nature of the Iranian protesters' economic and social demands throughout the course of the previous ten years made its formation plausible. While unions have traditionally coordinated many Iranian protests, the present women's movement is non-union, has a national reach, and has been going strong for several months despite fierce government resistance. This study reviews the history and achievements of the women's protest movement in Iran since September 2022. In the past, women's activities have been severely constrained and suppressed by Iran's …

Review Of Shia Islam And Politics: Iran, Iraq, And Lebanon, Christopher Anzalone

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

The Persian Version, John C. Lyden

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of The Persian Version (2023), directed by Maryam Keshavarz.

Book Review: Everything Sad Is Untrue, Sharon Kerestes

Education Insights: Journal of Research and Practice

A review of the book “Everything Sad is Untrue (A True Story)," by Daniel Nayeri, is presented.

The Tangible And Intangible Heritages Of Iranian Nomads: The Touristic Potential Of Pastoral Nomadism, Hossein Noroozi

International Journal of Tour Guiding Research

Iranian people have a rich and significant history of nomadism and are still in contact with this ancient practice. The purpose of this research is to investigate and evaluate the Iranian nomads’ culture from a touristic and aesthetic viewpoint. The literature shows that well-known cultural tourist attractions possess particular characteristics to become a successful and sustainable product / destination. In this paper, we argue that Iranian pastoral nomads, from a geographical, social, cultural, and artistic perspective, have numerous peculiar characteristics which are attractive to international tourists. Internationally, while the sociocultural frameworks of nomadic societies are at risk of extinction when …

Architectural Filth And The Heroic Passivism Of Farhadi's Salesman, Vahid Vahdat

Interiority

Architecture in Asghar Farhadi’s The Salesman (2016) is not a mere passive backdrop to an otherwise unaffected narrative; it is an autonomous agent that takes part in the events that unfold, complicates the narrative, and even occasionally defies the ideological position of the film. By analysing interior spaces, architectural elements, urban infrastructure, and maintenance practices, I suggest that 1) the fluid visual boundaries of Farhadi’s spatial settings are instrumental in blurring the borders of truth and morality—themes that are central to his film; 2) the ontological study of architecture, from the moment of excavation to its ultimate fracture/failure serves as …

Talking Foreign Policy: The U.S.--Iran Crisis, Tfp Radio Broadcast (Jan. 20, 2020)

The International Journal of Ethical Leadership

No abstract provided.

Political Power Of Iranian Hierocracies, János Jany

Comparative Civilizations Review

The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that the current Iranian regime is no novelty in Iranian history and political thinking, but has two antecedents: the rule of the Sasanians in late Antiquity (3rd–7th centuries) and that of the Safavids (16th–18th centuries) in modern times. After a brief outline of relevant historical events the paper scrutinizes the common features of these three regimes. The comparison includes the analyses of foreign policy, its scope, aim and direction, cultural policy and the relevance of political ideologies, socio-economic policy, religious policy, political structure and mechanisms of decision-making. The results of the comparison …

Alternate Warfare: The Unseen Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Elyse Keener

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

Biological warfare is a national security concern that transcends centuries. In the current international climate, biowarfare is of particular interest due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article seeks to follow historical cases of biological warfare and international response to these cases in order to understand the implications of COVID-19, if it were to be weaponized. Also covered is the current capabilities that Russia, China, and Iran are assessed to possess.

Measuring The Quality Of Life And City Competitiveness: A Methodological Frameworkfor The Iranian Metropolis, Kamran Jafarpour Ghalehteimouri, Afshar Hatami, Hanieh Asadzadeh

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Recently competitiveness has become one of the most used concepts in the urban and regional planning literature. This research aims to show the competi-tive situation of the eight metropolises in Iran based on the quality of life indices. The analytical, descriptive method used in this research to show the facts that are involved in different metropolises. Applying framework, required information gathered from world cities information center (NUMBEO https://www.numbeo.com/). ELECTRE III (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalite, in French) is an ef-fective Multi Criteria Decision Analysis method. The results indicate that impor-tant effective factors in population selection of living in the …

The Mulberry Tree, The Birds And The Divine In The Music Of The Dotār In Khorāssān (Iran), Farrokh Vahabzadeh

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

The relationship between music and environment plays an important role both in musical compositions and in research on music. The paper is about an anthropological study on the relationship between music of the long-necked lute dotār and the environment, in the region of Khorāssān in Iran. By examining the close relationship between the mulberry tree, birds, metaphor and music of dotār, we will try to show how the environmental factors, data or aspects can be directly or indirectly related to the music, particularly through the symbolism of Sufi beliefs in the region. These relationships to the nature are strongly linked …

Orientalism, Gender, And Nation Defied By An Iranian Woman: Feminist Orientalism And National Identity In Satrapi’S Persepolis And Persepolis 2, Diego Maggi

Journal of International Women's Studies

Marjane Satrapi’s graphic novels Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood (2003) and Persepolis 2: The Story of a Return (2004) —focused on her youth and early adulthood in Iran and Austria— reveal in many ways the conflicting coexistence between the West —Europe and North America— and the Middle East. This article explores feminist Orientalism and national identity in both Satrapi’s works, with the purpose of demonstrating the manners that these comics complicate and challenge binary divisions commonly related to the tensions amid the Occident and the Orient, such as East-West, Self-Other, civilized-barbarian and feminism-antifeminism. In the first part of the …

Yalda, A Night For Forgiveness, John C. Lyden

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Yalda, A Night for Forgiveness (2019) directed by Massoud Bakhshi.

An Investigation Into Urban Development: Patterns With Sprawl And Other Corresponding Changes: A Case Study Of Babol City, Jafarpour Ghalehteimouri Kamran, Kamanrudi Kojuri Musa, Gholinia Firouzjaee Sadegh

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Urban sprawl is one of the serious problems in developing countries and is known as serious economic, physical, and environmental problems in Iran. This study aims to investigate Babol City development between 1956-2016 and more spe-cifically deals with its spatial changes and variations. Based on secondary data collection from Iran Statistical Center for Holdrem model to the as appropriate method to show sprawl tendency. After that, with the application of descriptive statistic in order to analyze data and corresponding information Application of the Holdren model illustrated that 74% of this increase is associated with popula-tion growth and the rest, that …

Home Of The Menominee Nation

St. Norbert Times

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Finding Fīlmfārsī: Reevaluations Of Pre-Revolutionary Iranian Cinema, William E. B. Sherman

Journal of Religion & Film

This article reviews two books: Pedram Partovi's Popular Iranian Cinema before the Revolution: Family and Nation in Filmfārsī, and Golbar Rekabtalaei, Iranian Cosmopolitanism: A Cinematic History.

"We Neither Are Of The Past Nor Of The Future" : Analyzing The Two Opposing Aspects Of A Female Character Through Four Modern Works Of Persian Fiction", Ronak Karami

Journal of International Women's Studies

Under Iran’s growing contact with the West from 1925 until 1979, which caused cultural changes, modern writers were stuck between two realities: the vanishing culture of the past with its unified view of women and the modern Western-oriented culture of the present with its doubting, ironic, and fast-changing view of women. Both labels, the ‘ethereal’ (or inaccessible paragon) and the ‘whore’ (or accessible temptress) for female characters emerged in a major literary work of the 20th century in Iran, The Blind Owl (1937), by Hedayat due to these cultural changes. Furthermore, the labels appeared within some later modern Persian fictional …

Nationalism Through Insecurity: Why 1979 Iranian Revolution Started?, Ryan Schweitzer

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

Nationalism and revolutions are highly volatile processes and typically can be seen as attempts to create a unified society. While Iranian nationalism may be a creation of religious and academic elites, religious zeal and intellectual enlightenment cannot be the sole, or even strongest, explanation. However, with Iran, the nationalism was evoked not out of a desire to necessarily create a new nation, but instead to create an independent nation out of the control of Western powers, particularly the United States. The United States was forcefully creating new cultural identities and Westernized lifestyles, which some Iranians viewed as a security concern …

Ike’S Constitutional Venturing: The Institutionalization Of The Cia, Covert Action, And American Interventionism, Jacob A. Bruggeman

Grand Valley Journal of History

U.S. covert action from the 1950s onward was shaped, in part, by the success a CIA-orchestrated coup d'état in which the United States deposed the popular Iranian nationalist Mohammed Mossadegh. Ordered by president Eisenhower, the coup in Iran set the precedent for utilizing covert action as a means of achieving State goals. In so doing, President Eisenhower overturned the precedent set by his immediate predecessor, President Truman: that is, the precedent of using the CIA in its intended function, gathering and evaluating intelligence. The coup, then, is an exemplary case of venture constitutionalism. Eisenhower, in ordering the coup, extended his …

The Qur'anic Epic In Iranian Cinema (Farsi), Nacim Pak-Shiraz

Journal of Religion & Film

The representation of religious figures in Islam has become particularly controversial in recent years. The creation of religious films has, therefore, turned into a highly sensitive undertaking. Iranian cinema is one of the very few in the Muslim world to have employed this new medium in imagining and narrating stories of revered religious figures. In this article I examine the complex socio-political context of Iran to study the relatively late emergence of the epic genre in Iranian cinema. I then study the recent creation and development of ‘Qur’anic Films’ within Iranian cinema with specific reference to Kingdom of Solomon (Mulk-i …

Chess Game Of Civilizations, Ambassador Sallama Shaker

Comparative Civilizations Review

The theory of civilization clash is applied to the situation in the Middle East which appears to be more the result of intra-regional rivals. The latter would include the Sunni-Shiite rivalry and the competition between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Currently, Syria is the overt demonstration of these intra-regional rivalries.

More Than One Way To Measure: Masculinity In The Zurkaneh Of Safavid Iran, Zachary T. Smith

The Hilltop Review

The zurkhaneh of early modern Safavid Iran was an institution where men undertook physical training, in some ways reminiscent of a modern-day gymn. This paper attempts to theorize the zurkhaneh as a public space in which primarily non-elite men participated in the social economy of early modern Safavid Iran based upon their pursuit of the ideal of javanmardi, or young manliness. To accomplish this, this paper will combine the themes of publicity, the social utility of the body, and the authority of textuality with an examination of the physical culture of the zurkhaneh to theorize the utility, representation, and …

The Policy Regarding Iran: Circumstances Surrounding The Allied Invasion In 1941, Caitlin N. Curtis

Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship

This paper examines the conjoined Allied occupation of Iran during World War II and the impact the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union had on a new, weak nation. The terms of the occupation were written with the best intentions for Iran but were eventually disregarded. This mixture of a poor execution of treaty terms as well as British, Soviet, and American interests within Iran destroyed the unity it possessed and allowed Russia to extend massive influence over the newly destabilized country. The British wanted to maintain their oil concessions. The Russians desired a warm water port and …

The Qur’Anic Epic In Iranian Cinema, Nacim Pak-Shiraz

Journal of Religion & Film

The representation of religious figures in Islam has become particularly controversial in recent years. The creation of religious films has, therefore, turned into a highly sensitive undertaking. Iranian cinema is one of the very few in the Muslim world to have employed this new medium in imagining and narrating stories of revered religious figures. In this article I examine the complex socio-political context of Iran to study the relatively late emergence of the epic genre in Iranian cinema. I then study the recent creation and development of ‘Qur’anic Films’ within Iranian cinema with specific reference to Kingdom of Solomon ( …

Does The Iranian Model Of Kidney Donation Compensation Work As An Ethical Global Model?, Jordan Potter

Journal of Health Ethics

Throughout the world, there is a massive global shortage of viable organs available for transplantation, and systems of cadaveric organ donation have thus far been unable to address this shortage. One potential remedy to this problem is to incentive live organ donation via cash incentives and other benefits, i.e. an organ sale, and this is the type of system Iran has used to effectively eliminate its national kidney waiting list since the late 1990s. In this article, the Iranian model of kidney donation compensation will be analyzed for its ability and effectiveness as an ethical global model, and this is …

Higher Education Under The Islamic Republic: The Case Of The Baha’Is, Mina Yazdani

Journal of Educational Controversy

This article explores the Islamic Republic of Iran’s campaign to deny Baha’is, members of Iran's largest religious minority, access to higher education. It outlines the contours of this campaign: in the early 1980s, the newly established Islamic government began dismissing Baha’i students from universities; later and up to the early 2000s, it forbid them from even participating in the nation-wide university entrance exam; finally, in order to divert growing international attention from its campaign, it began admitting a small number of Baha’i students into universities, though in more recent years, it has expelled the majority of these students before they …

My Share Of The Sky: Review 2, Alan Hall

RadioDoc Review

This documentary by the celebrated Danish producer Rikke Houd, in collaboration with Iranian journalist Sheida Jahanbin, is a work of art. It is also a powerful piece of documentary journalism that measures the pulse of a young couple’s emigration from Iran and their attempts to settle in Norway. The narration by Sheida Jahanbin, our guide to establishing a new life as an asylum seeker, is lent a profound dimension by being choreographed in a sophisticated ‘hocketing’ with the voiced-over translation, which acts as Sheida’s Norwegian voice. This is an inspired device, which also serves as a metaphor in a story …

My Share Of The Sky: Review 1, Helene Thomas

RadioDoc Review

My Share of the Sky speaks like a poem. A poem of love, of life, and of loss. It is a story of finding refuge and freedom in a foreign land and reconciling with the longing for loved ones back home. Presented as an audio diary, Sheida Jahanbin invites listeners into her world as she and her husband Madyar make a new life for themselves in Oslo, Norway as political refugees from Iran. The program presents a stream of live happening moments which intimately capture Sheida's life as it is unfolding. Juxtaposing the mundane and the terrifying, the ordinary and …