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An Act Relative To Employment For Certain Adult Indians On Or Near Indian Reservations, United States Congress

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This United States (US) public law, also known as the Indian Relocation Act or Adult Vocational Training Program passed on August 3, 1956, allowed for the Secretary of the Interior to establish vocational training programs for Indigenous people aged 18-35 with the expressed goal of increasing employment opportunities. The law additionally aimed to encourage Indigenous people to leave reservations and “assimilate” into more urban populations. The program resulted in many Indigenous people being moved off their land and into cities where they did not have the resources or support to establish themselves.

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding The Us Supreme Court Case Squire V. Capoeman, July 5, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated July 5, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, directs Cross's attention to the recent US Supreme Court decision on Squire v. Capoeman which concerns the taxability of produce from allotted land on indigenous reservations. The Court ruled that Indigenous people are protected from income tax payments on the produce because of treaties, trust patents, and the US Allotment Act. Langer anticipates that the US Internal Revenue Service will release a statement holding that Indigenous people are not subject to income taxation on proceeds from the sales of …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 2151 Which Is Now Us Public Law 84-553, June 11, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated June 11, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, encloses a report from Assistant Secretary of the Interior Wesley A. D'Ewart concerning US Senate Bill 2151 which is now US Public Law 84-553 (also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose"). There are handwritten notes on the letter.

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Telegram from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Informing that US Senate Bill 2151 was Signed into Law, June …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Was Signed Into Law, June 5, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated June 5, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 was signed into law on June 4th. Langer says that he is contacting other tribal members with the news and that he is very happy the bill was signed into law.

The letter contains some handwritten notes.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for …

Telegram From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Was Signed Into Law, June 5, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated June 5, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 (S. 2151) was signed into law on June 4th. A letter is to follow.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose"

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Informing that US Senate Bill 2151 was Signed Into Law, June 5, …

An Act To Provide For The Segregation Of Certain Funds Of The Fort Berthold Indians On The Basis Of Membership Roll Prepared For Such Purpose, United States Congress

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This United States (US) public law, also known as US Public Law 84-553, passed on June 4, 1956 allowed for the allocation of funds to enrolled members of the Three Affiliated Tribes from the settlement with the United States Government for the taking of their land for construction of the Garrison Dam.

Providing For The Segregation Of Certain Funds Of The Fort Berthold Indians Of The Basis Of A Membership Roll Prepared For Such Purpose, United States Congress, Us House Of Representatives

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This report from the United States (US) House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated May 10, 1956, was written to accompany US Senate Bill 2151 which made specifications for the allocation of funds to members of the Three Affiliated Tribes, provided as compensation for the taking of their land for the Garrison Dam project. The bill proposes that enrolled tribal members receive a per capita payment of $500 with an additional 3.9 million dollars distributed pro rata. The bill also specifies that $218,354.52 be allocated to the tribal administration and government. The specifications for the allotment of funds were …

Telegram From Senator Langer To Patrick Gourneau Stating That Langer Is Helping In Every Way Possible, April 25, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated April 25, 1956, from United States Senator William Langer to Patrick Gourneau of Turtle Mountain, responds to Gourneau's telegram and says that Langer is helping in every way possible.

A handwritten note at the top of the letter reads, "Cross, Martin."

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Telegram from Patrick Gourneau to Senator Langer Requesting that Langer Assist Martin Cross on His Present Mission in Washington, D.C., April 24, 1956

Telegram From Patrick Gourneau To Senator Langer Requesting That Langer Assist Martin Cross On His Present Mission In Washington, D.C., April 24, 1956, Patrick Gourneau

William Langer Papers

This telegraph dated April 24, 1956, from Patrick Gourneau of Turtle Mountain to United States Senator William Langer, asks Langer to assist Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross on his present mission in Washington, D.C.

There are some shorthand notes on the telegram.

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Telegram from Senator Langer to Patrick Gourneau Stating that Langer is Helping in Every Way Possible, April 25, 1956

Telegram from Patrick Gourneau to Representative Burdick Asking that Burdick Support Martin Cross, April 24, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 2663, April 17, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated April 17, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, thanks Cross for his statement regarding US Senate Bill 2663 (S. 2663) which pertains to relief for depressed areas. Langer hopes that Cross's statements will help the bill's progress.

There are some handwritten annotations on the letter.

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Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding US Senate Bill 2663, March 2, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us House Resolution 5566, April 12, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated April 12, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, provides an update on US House Resolution 5566 (H.R. 5566) which aims to extend the US Indian Claims Commission. Langer reports that the US Subcommittee on Indian Affairs ordered the bill be reported to the US Full Interior Committee without the amendment recommended by the US Department of Justice. Langer encloses a copy of the pertinent US Senate Report (Senate Report 1727), which is not included with this document. Langer says he will keep Cross updated.

See also:

United …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding The Estate Of Richard Wolf, April 12, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated April 12, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, encloses a report from the US Department of the Interior regarding the estate of Richard Wolf. The department has supported two minor children as heirs to the estate. The report from the US Department of the Interior is not enclosed with this document.

There are some handwritten annotations on this letter.

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Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding the Funds of Mary Edith Good Bear and Fannie Wolf, March 22, 1956

A Bill To Provide For The Segregation Of Certain Funds Of The Fort Berthold Indians On The Basis Of A Membership Roll Prepared For Such Purpose, United States Congress, Us House Of Representatives, Otto G. Krueger

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This bill, dated March 27, 1956, proposes to authorize and direct the Secretary of the Interior "to segregate the funds on deposit in the Treasury of the United States titled 'The Three Affiliated Tribes of Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota' on the basis of a membership roll prepared for that purpose and approved by the Secretary.

"The segregated shares. of adults, including interest accruals thereon, shall be subject to expenditure in accordance with plans prepared and submitted by such adult and approved by the Secretary. The segregated shares, including interest accruals thereon, of persons who are minors or non compos …

Letter From Senator Langer To Douglas Mckay Regarding The Estate Of Richard Wolf, March 22, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 22, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to US Secretary of the Interior Douglas McKay, encloses a letter from Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross regarding the estate of Richard Wolf. Langer asks McKay for comments or suggestions on the matter. The letter from Cross was not included with this document.

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Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding the Funds of Mary Edith Good Bear and Fannie Wolf, March 22, 1956

Telegram From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Passed The Senate, March 19, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This telegram dated March 19, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 (S. 2151) has passed the US Senate.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 on June 4, 1956. US Public Law 84-553 is also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose."

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Informing that US Senate Bill 2151 Passed the Senate, March …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Informing That Us Senate Bill 2151 Passed The Senate, March 19, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 19, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, informs Cross that US Senate Bill 2151 passed the US Senate. Langer says that he will update Cross once the bill is voted on in the US House of Representatives. Langer suggests that Cross contact US Representative [Usher] Burdick regarding the bill.

There are some handwritten notes on the letter.

US Senate Bill 2151 became US Public Law 84-553 on June 4, 1956. US Public Law 84-553 is also known as "An Act to Provide for the Segregation of …

Authorizing Enrolled Members Of The Three Affiliated Tribes Of The Fort Berthold Reservation, N. Dak To Acquire Trust Interests In Tribal Lands Of The Reservation, United States Congress, Us Senate

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This report from the United States (US) Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated March 9, 1956, was written to accompany Senate Bill 1528 which primarily proposed to authorize enrolled members of the Three Affiliated Tribes of Fort Berthold Reservation to acquire trust interests in the tribal land of the Fort Berthold Reservation. Many who were relocated due to the construction of the Garrison Dam did not have adequate funds to reestablish themselves in their new location. Since it is prohibited to sell the tribal lands of an organized tribe, US Senate Bill 1528 would allow for individual tribal …

Providing For The Segregation Of Certain Funds Of The Fort Berthold Indians On The Basis Of A Membership Roll Prepared For Such Purpose, United States Congress, Us Senate

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This report from the United States (US) Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated March 9, 1956, was written to accompany US Senate Bill 2151 which made specifications for the allocation of funds to members of the Three Affiliated Tribes, provided as compensation for the taking of their land for the Garrison Dam project. The bill proposes that enrolled tribal members receive a per capita payment of $500 with an additional 3.9 million dollars distributed pro rata. The bill also specifies that $218,354.52 be allocated to the tribal administration and government. The specifications for the allotment of funds were …

Providing For The Segregation Of Certain Funds Of The Fort Berthold Indians On The Basis Of A Membership Roll Prepared For Such Purpose, United States Congress, Us Senate, Committee On Interior And Insular Affairs, Joseph C. O'Mahoney

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This report, dated March 6, 1956, submitted by Joseph C. O'Mahoney on behalf of the United States Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs to accompany US Senate Bill 1251 ("A Bill to Provide for the Segregation of Certain Funds of the Fort Berthold Indians on the Basis of a Membership Roll Prepared for Such Purpose").

This report begins with an explanation of the previous distributions of principal and interest from the $12,608,625 received by the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Forth Berthold Reservation, North Dakota, in compensation for lands taken for the construction of the Garrison Dam and corresponding …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 809, March 5, 1958, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 5, 1958, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes tribal member Martin Cross, is in regards to US Senate Bill 809 (S. 809) which is likely a reference to US Senate Bill 85-809 entitled, "To Provide Economic Assistance to the American Indians," sponsored by Sen. Langer. Langer informs Cross that S. 809 is not "dead." Langer makes some comments on the bill and asks Cross for his opinion on it.

There are some handwritten notes on the letter.

S. 809 did not become US public law.

See also:

Letter from Martin Cross …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Thanking Cross For Telegram Regarding Us Senate Bills 2151 And 1528, March 2, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 2, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, thanks Cross for his recent telegram regarding US Senate Bills 2151 and 1528 (S. 2151 and S. 1528). Langer asks how Cross is doing and for an update on the tribes.

A handwritten note at the top of the letter reads, "Cross, Martin."

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Telegram from Martin Cross to Senator Langer Regarding US Senate Bills 2151 and 1528, February 23, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us Senate Bill 2663, March 2, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 2, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, encloses a copy of US Senate Bill 2663 for relief of depressed areas. Langer informs Cross that US Senator [Paul] Douglas will hold hearings on the measure soon and would appreciate statements or other materials pertaining to the bill.

There are some handwritten notes on the letter.

See also:

Letter from Senator Langer to Martin Cross Regarding US Senate Bill 2663, April 17, 1956

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Regarding Us House Resolution 5566, March 1, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated March 1, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, thanks Cross for his recent telegram regarding US House Resolution 5566 (H.R. 5566) which seeks to extend the US Indian Claims Commission. Langer says that he has already contacted US Senator [Joseph] O'Mahoney asking that the US Indian Claims Commission be extended.

Handwritten notes on the letter read, "Cross, Martin" and "See Indian Affairs."

See also:

Telegram from Martin Cross to Senator Langer Asking for Opposition to Any Amendments to US House Resolution 5566, February 23, 1956

Letter from …

A Bill To Provide For The Acquisition Of A Site And The Erection Thereon Of A Permanent Museum Building To House The Relics And Other Items Of Historical Value Of The Fort Berthold Indians, United States Congress, Us House Of Representatives

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This bill, dated February 29, 1956, proposes the acquisition of a site for, and construction of, a museum in which to house "the relics, records, and other items of historical value of the Fort Berthold Indians," to be administered by the United States National Park Service, further proposes "the appropriation of such sum, not in excess of $100,000, as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act."

Letter From Senator Langer To James Murray Regarding Us House Resolution 5566, February 25, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated February 25, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Chairperson James E. Murray of the US Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs regarding US House Resolution 5566 (H.R. 5566) which would extend the life of the US Indian Claims Commission. Langer writes in support of extending the commission. Langer is opposed to the US Department of Justice's suggestion to modify the scope of the commission so that all claims based on original title would be thrown out. Langer says that this would defeat the purpose of the commission. Langer writes that the integrity and good …

Juvenile Delinquency Among The Indians. Report Of The Committee On The Judiciary, United States Senate, Made By Its Subcommittee To Investigate Juvenile Delinquency Pursuant To S. Res. 62 As Extended (84th Congress, 1st Session), United States Congress, Us Senate

US Government Documents related to Indigenous Nations

This report, dated February 16, 1956, from the United States (US) Senate Committee on the Judiciary is a detailed report on what the committee identifies as the “special problem” of juvenile delinquency among Indigenous children. The report aims to identify what contributes to delinquency, what can be done to correct it, what legislative or administrative changes could improve it, and how can the public be better informed about it. The report summarizes several hearings that were held with different tribes, including tribes inhabiting North Dakota and Minnesota; the report also includes comparative studies, statements, speeches, statistics, and reports on different …

Letter From Senator Langer To Martin Cross Acknowledging Cross's Request For Langer To Approve Confirmation Of Wesley D'Ewart, January 18, 1956, William Langer

William Langer Papers

This letter dated January 18, 1956, from United States (US) Senator William Langer to Three Affiliated Tribes Tribal Chairperson Martin Cross, thanks Cross for his telegram and expresses appreciation for Cross's correspondence regarding the appointment of Wesley D'E'wart as US Assistant Secretary of the Interior. Langer says that he will listen to all of the testimony and do the best that he can.

There are some handwritten annotations on the letter.

See also:

Telegram from Martin Cross to Senator Langer Asking Langer to Vote Favorably on Senate Bill 51 ad to Approve the Confirmation of Wesley D'Ewart for Assistant Secretary …