Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Semantic Priming Of Familiar Songs, Sarah K. Johnson, Andrea R. Halpern

Andrea Halpern

We explored the functional organization of semantic memory for music by comparing priming across familiar songs both within modalities (Experiment 1, tune to tune; Experiment 3, category label to lyrics) and across modalities (Experiment 2, category label to tune; Experiment 4, tune to lyrics). Participants judged whether or not the target tune or lyrics were real (akin to lexical decision tasks). We found significant priming, analogous to linguistic associative-priming effects, in reaction times for related primes as compared to unrelated primes, but primarily for within-modality comparisons. Reaction times to tunes (e.g., "Silent Night") were faster following related tunes ("Deck the …

Musical Expertise Has Minimal Impact On Dual Task Performance, Gianna Cocchini, Maria Serena Filardi, Marcela Crhonkova, Andrea R. Halpern

Andrea Halpern

Studies investigating effect of practice on dual task performance have yielded conflicting findings, thus supporting different theoretical accounts about the organisation of attentional resources when tasks are performed simultaneously. Because practice has been proven to reduce the demand of attention for the trained task, the impact of long-lasting training on one task is an ideal way to better understand the mechanisms underlying dual task decline in performance. Our study compared performance during dual task execution in expert musicians compared to controls with little if any musical experience. Participants performed a music recognition task and a visuo-spatial task separately (single task) …

Levels-Of-Processing Effects On "Remember" Responses In Recognition For Familiar And Unfamiliar Tunes, Esra Mungan, Zehra F. Peynircioğlu, Andrea R. Halpern

Andrea Halpern

We investigated the effect of level-of-processing manipulations on "remember" and "know" responses in episodic melody recognition (Experiments 1 and 2) and how this effect is modulated by item familiarity (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, participants performed 2 conceptual and 2 perceptual orienting tasks while listening to familiar melodies: judging the mood, continuing the tune, tracing the pitch contour, and counting long notes. The conceptual mood task led to higher d' rates for "remember" but not "know" responses. In Experiment 2, participants either judged the mood or counted long notes of tunes with high and low familiarity. A level-of-processing effect emerged …

Dynamic Aspects Of Musical Imagery, Andrea Halpern

Andrea Halpern

Auditory imagery can represent many aspects of music, such as the starting pitches of a tune or the instrument that typically plays it. In this paper, I concentrate on more dynamic, or time-sensitive aspects of musical imagery, as demonstrated in two recently published studies. The first was a behavioral study that examined the ability to make emotional judgments about both heard and imagined music in real time. The second was a neuroimaging study on the neural correlates of anticipating an upcoming tune, after hearing a cue tune. That study found activation of several sequence-learning brain areas, some of which varied …

Introduction To The Neurosciences And Music Iv: Learning And Memory, Andrea Halpern

Andrea Halpern

The conference entitled "The Neurosciences and Music-IV: Learning and Memory" was held at the University of Edinburgh from June 9-12, 2011, jointly hosted by the Mariani Foundation and the Institute for Music in Human and Social Development, and involving nearly 500 international delegates. Two opening workshops, three large and vibrant poster sessions, and nine invited symposia introduced a diverse range of recent research findings and discussed current research directions. Here, the proceedings are introduced by the workshop and symposia leaders on topics including working with children, rhythm perception, language processing, cultural learning, memory, musical imagery, neural plasticity, stroke rehabilitation, autism, …

Attraction To Sad Music: The Role Of Imagery, Absorption, And Rumination, Emery Schubert, Andrea R. Halpern, Gunter Kreutz, Sandra Garrido

Andrea Halpern

Previous studies have identified links between attraction to negative emotion in music with the traits of absorption and rumination. However, no studies have examined the possible interdependencies and influences of these traits. We sought to determine whether a cognitive processing path that leads to attraction to sad music could be identified. We argued that auditory imagery might be an interesting competency to add to the investigation because of the links between imagery and absorption. Participants completed validated surveys measuring the three target cognitive measures, as well as a Like Sad Music Scale. Mediation analysis revealed that absorption mediated imagery in …

Development Of The Processfolio: Promoting Preservice Music Teacher Reflection Through Authentic Assessment., Jason M. Silveira, Julie Beauregard, Tina Bull

Julie Beauregard

Marshall Digital Scholar - Music Collection: Access And Preservation, Thomas L. Walker Ii

Thomas Walker

This presentation discusses how music collections are handled at Marshall University and inside of Marshall Digital Scholar.

Music: General, Sheridan Stormes

Sheridan Stormes

Sheridan Stormes' contribution to Magazines for Libraries, 23rd Edition.

Sharing Music Files: Tactics Of A Challenge To The Industry, Brian Martin, Christopher L. Moore, Colin Salter

Christopher L Moore Dr

The sharing of music files has been the focus of a massive struggle between representatives of major record companies and artists in the music industry, on one side, and peer-to-peer (p2p) file-sharing services and their users, on the other. This struggle can be analysed in terms of tactics used by the two sides, which can be classified into five categories: cover-up versus exposure, devaluation versus validation, interpretation versus alternative interpretation, official channels versus mobilisation, and intimidation versus resistance. It is valuable to understand these tactics because similar ones are likely to be used in ongoing struggles between users of p2p …

Uncharted Waters: "Hidden" Jazz Collections At The U.W.O Music Library, Lisa Rae Philpott

Lisa Rae Philpott

Popular music has long been ignored by academic music programs and their associated libraries. If we are now playing 'catch-up' with pop music, then what is the status of jazz music? At Western, surprising collections of jazz music exist, but are hidden. This presentation offers an overview of the Simmons Collection and the CKGW Radio Orchestra collection, and highlights some of the Canadian content contained therein.

Sharing Music Files: Tactics Of A Challenge To The Industry, Brian Martin, Christopher L. Moore, Colin Salter

Colin Salter

The sharing of music files has been the focus of a massive struggle between representatives of major record companies and artists in the music industry, on one side, and peer-to-peer (p2p) file-sharing services and their users, on the other. This struggle can be analysed in terms of tactics used by the two sides, which can be classified into five categories: cover-up versus exposure, devaluation versus validation, interpretation versus alternative interpretation, official channels versus mobilisation, and intimidation versus resistance. It is valuable to understand these tactics because similar ones are likely to be used in ongoing struggles between users of p2p …

Preserving The Louisville Sound: Outreach And Donor Relations, Elizabeth E. Reilly, Heather Fox

Elizabeth Reilly

Moody Blues: The Social Web, Tagging, And Nontextual Discovery Tools For Music, Susannah Cleveland, Gwen Evans

Susannah Cleveland

A common thread in discussions about the Next Generation Catalog is that it should incorporate features beyond the mere textual, one-way presentation of data. At the same time, traditional textual description of music materials often prohibits effective use of the catalog by specialists and nonspecialists alike. Librarians at Bowling Green State University have developed the HueTunes project to explore already established connections between music, color, and emotion, and incorporate those connections into a nontextual discovery tool that could enhance interdisciplinary as well as specialist use of the catalog.

There’S Got To Be Some Kind Of Way Out Of Here: Music, Information, Categorization, And Commodification, Jason R. Neal

Jason R. Neal

The increasing ubiquity of digital technologies has facilitated the merging of media content and their metadata within multiple indexing and retrieval systems. In the case of recorded music, individuals can download and store digitized audio (as well as video) content on computers and portable media devices. Conversely, with the emergence of social networking platforms, users can share files, as well as textual content (e.g. comments, reviews, and tags), by uploading them to Websites with music-related content. Ideally, these conditions allow users to connect with others who share similar musical interests, to interact with a greater diversity of music than in …

Percy Grainger And The Early Collecting Of Polynesian Music, Graham Barwell

Graham Barwell

My interest in the Australian musician and composer, Percy Grainger, and his connections with the early collecting of Polynesian music, began when I visited the Australian National Portrait Gallery in Canberra. I saw there a portrait of Grainger painted in oils in 1941 by Ella Ström, Grainger’s wife. The three-quarter length portrait shows Grainger dressed in a short bolero-style jacket of towel-like material with elbow-length sleeves over a blue shirt, and what appears to be a skirt of khaki fabric at the waist and towel material below in a pattern of brown and white reminiscent of Maori design. Grainger faces …

Listening For Geographies: Music As Sonic Compass Pointing Towards African And Christian Diasporic Horizons In The Caribbean, Elizabeth Mcalister

Elizabeth McAlister

Can musical sounds reveal history, or collective identity, or new notions of geography, in different ways than texts or migrating people themselves? This essay offers the idea that the sounds of music, with their capacity to index memories and associations, become sonic points on a cognitive compass that orients diasporic people in time and space. Whereas researchers often focus on the national diasporas produced through the recent shifts and flows of globalization, I illustrate some of the limits of the concept of national and ethnic diaspora to understand how Caribbean groups form networks and imagine themselves to be situated. This …

Decentralizing Culture: The Effect Of Digital Networks On Copyright And Music Distribution, Benjamin Gibert

Benjamin Gibert

The advance of technology profoundly impacts how people interact with culture as the proliferation of digital networks transforms the effects of copyright in modern societies. This paper argues that the oligopolistic conditions of content markets and the legal discourse of intellectual property law have historically enabled copyright holders to promote a limited conception of art and obscure the complexities of copyright theory. While conceptual ambiguity is inevitable in the construction of aesthetic legal categories, current practices impose too many restrictions. The practical choices made concerning copyright in cyberspace will determine the evolution of culture in increasingly networked societies. The music …

Barricading The Digital Frontier: Copyright, Technology And The War On Music Piracy, Benjamin Gibert

Benjamin Gibert

The Internet is changing the way vast numbers of people experience culture today. Providing tools to interact with, manipulate and freely redistribute content, technology is dissolving conventional divisions between creators and consumers of cultural artefacts. As new technological and legislative mechanisms are deployed to stop digital piracy, there is a need to reflect on the meaning of copyright, piracy and culture in the context of digital technologies. This paper discusses the relationship between copyright and cultural participation. It refers to the music industry in order to depict the changing patterns of consumption behavior precipitated by the rise of digital networks …

Beethoven: Patriotism And Social Justice, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

A Primer On U.S. Intellectual Property Rights Applicable To Music Information Retrieval Systems, Michael W. Carroll

Michael W. Carroll

Digital technology has had a significant impact on the ways in which music information can be stored, transmitted, and used. Within the information sciences, music information retrieval has become an increasingly important and complex field. This brief article is addressed primarily to those involved in the design and implementation of systems for storing and retrieving digital files containing musical notation, recorded music, and relevant metadata – hereinafter referred to as a Music Information Retrieval System (“MIRS”). In particular, this group includes information specialists, software engineers, and the attorneys who advise them. Although peer-to-peer computer applications, such as Napster’s MusicShare or …